1
|
Liu Y, Zhou J, Wu J, Zhang X, Guo J, Xing Y, Xie J, Bai Y, Hu D. Construction and Validation of a Novel Immune-Related Gene Pairs-Based Prognostic Model in Lung Adenocarcinoma. Cancer Control 2023; 30:10732748221150227. [PMID: 36625357 PMCID: PMC9834935 DOI: 10.1177/10732748221150227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECT Focus on immune-related gene pairs (IRGPs) and develop a prognostic model to predict the prognosis of patients with lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD). METHODS First, the LUAD patient dataset was downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas database, and paired analysis of immune-related genes was subsequently conducted. Then, LASSO regression was used to screen prognostic IRGPs for building a risk prediction model. Meanwhile, the Gene Expression Omnibus database was used for external validation of the model. Next, the clinical predictive power of IRGPs features was assessed by uni-multivariate Cox regression analysis, the infiltration of key immune cells in high and low IRGPs risk groups was analyzed with CIBERSORT, quanTIseq, and Timer, and the key pathways enriched for IRGPs were assessed using the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes. Finally, the expression and related functions of key immune cells and genes were verified by immunofluorescence and cell experiments of tissue samples. RESULTS It was revealed that the risk score of 19 IRGPs could be used as accurate indicators to evaluate the prognosis of LUAD patients, and the risk score was mainly related to T cell infiltration based on CIBERSORT analysis. Two genes of IRGPs, IL6, and CCL2, were found to be closely associated with the expression of PD-1/PD-L1 and the function of T-cells. Depending on the results of tissue immunofluorescence, IL6, CCL2, and T cells were highly expressed in the LUAD tissues of patients. Furthermore, IL6 and CCL2 were positively correlated with the expression of T cells. Besides, qRT-PCR assay in four different LUAD cells proved that IL6 and CCL2 were positively correlated with the expression of PD-L1 (P < .001). CONCLUSIONS Based on 19 IRGPs, an effective prognosis model was established to predict the prognosis of LUAD patients. In addition, IL6 and CCL2 are closely related to the function of T-cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yafeng Liu
- School of Medicine, Anhui University of Science and
Technology, Huainan, China,Anhui Province Engineering
Laboratory of Occupational Health and Safety, Anhui University of Science and
Technology, Huainan, China,Affiliated Cancer Hospital, Anhui University of Science and
Technology, Huainan, China
| | - Jiawei Zhou
- School of Medicine, Anhui University of Science and
Technology, Huainan, China,Anhui Province Engineering
Laboratory of Occupational Health and Safety, Anhui University of Science and
Technology, Huainan, China
| | - Jing Wu
- School of Medicine, Anhui University of Science and
Technology, Huainan, China,Anhui Province Engineering
Laboratory of Occupational Health and Safety, Anhui University of Science and
Technology, Huainan, China,Key Laboratory of Industrial Dust
Deep Reduction and Occupational Health and Safety of Anhui Higher Education
Institutes, Anhui University of Science and
Technology, Huainan, China,Jing Wu, School of Medicine, Anhui
University of Science and Technology, Chongren Building, No 168, Taifeng St,
Huainan 232001, China.
| | - Xin Zhang
- School of Medicine, Anhui University of Science and
Technology, Huainan, China,Anhui Province Engineering
Laboratory of Occupational Health and Safety, Anhui University of Science and
Technology, Huainan, China
| | - Jianqiang Guo
- School of Medicine, Anhui University of Science and
Technology, Huainan, China,Anhui Province Engineering
Laboratory of Occupational Health and Safety, Anhui University of Science and
Technology, Huainan, China
| | - Yingru Xing
- School of Medicine, Anhui University of Science and
Technology, Huainan, China,Department of Clinical Laboratory, Anhui Zhongke Gengjiu
Hospital, Hefei, China
| | - Jun Xie
- Affiliated Cancer Hospital, Anhui University of Science and
Technology, Huainan, China
| | - Ying Bai
- School of Medicine, Anhui University of Science and
Technology, Huainan, China,Anhui Province Engineering
Laboratory of Occupational Health and Safety, Anhui University of Science and
Technology, Huainan, China
| | - Dong Hu
- School of Medicine, Anhui University of Science and
Technology, Huainan, China,Anhui Province Engineering
Laboratory of Occupational Health and Safety, Anhui University of Science and
Technology, Huainan, China,Key Laboratory of Industrial Dust
Deep Reduction and Occupational Health and Safety of Anhui Higher Education
Institutes, Anhui University of Science and
Technology, Huainan, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Vitamins, microelements and the immune system: current standpoint in the fight against coronavirus disease 2019. Br J Nutr 2022; 128:2131-2146. [PMID: 35057876 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114522000083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an acute respiratory disease associated with severe systemic inflammation. The optimal status of vitamins and microelements is considered crucial for the proper functioning of the immune system and necessary for successful recovery. Most patients with respiratory distress in COVID-19 are vitamin and microelement deficient, with vitamin D and Se deficiency being the most common. Anyway, various micronutrient supplements are widely and arbitrarily used for prevention or in the treatment of COVID-19. We aimed to summarise current knowledge about molecular and physiological mechanisms of vitamins (D, A, C, B6, B9 and B12) and microelements (Se, Zn, Cu and Fe) involved in the immune system regulation in consideration with COVID-19 pathogenesis, as well as recent findings related to their usage and effects in the prevention and treatment of COVID-19. In the early course of the pandemic, several, mainly observational, studies reported an association of some micronutrients, such as vitamin C, D and Zn, with severity reduction and survival improvement. Still, emerging randomised controlled trials showed no effect of vitamin D on hospitalisation length and no effect of vitamin C and Zn on symptom reduction. Up to date, there is evidence neither for nor against the use of micronutrients in the treatment of COVID-19. The doses that exceed the recommended for the general population and age group should not be used, except in clinical trials. Benefits of supplementation are primarily expected in populations prone to micronutrient deficiencies, who are, as well, at a higher risk of worse outcomes in COVID-19.
Collapse
|
3
|
Mohseni Afshar Z, Tavakoli Pirzaman A, Liang JJ, Sharma A, Pirzadeh M, Babazadeh A, Hashemi E, Deravi N, Abdi S, Allahgholipour A, Hosseinzadeh R, Vaziri Z, Sio TT, Sullman MJM, Barary M, Ebrahimpour S. Do we miss rare adverse events induced by COVID-19 vaccination? Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 9:933914. [PMID: 36300183 PMCID: PMC9589063 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.933914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Although severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection has caused many complications, the invention of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccines has also brought about several adverse events, from common side effects to unexpected and rare ones. Common vaccine-related adverse reactions manifest locally or systematically following any vaccine, including COVID-19 vaccines. Specific side effects, known as adverse events of particular interest (AESI), are unusual and need more evaluation. Here, we discuss some of the most critical rare adverse events of COVID-19 vaccines.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zeinab Mohseni Afshar
- Clinical Research Development Center, Imam Reza Hospital, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | | | - Jackson J. Liang
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Cardiac Arrhythmia Service, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Akanksha Sharma
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZ, United States
| | - Marzieh Pirzadeh
- Student Research Committee, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Arefeh Babazadeh
- Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Erfan Hashemi
- Student Research Committee, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Niloofar Deravi
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sadaf Abdi
- Student Research Committee, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Amirreza Allahgholipour
- Student Research Committee, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Rezvan Hosseinzadeh
- Student Research Committee, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Zahra Vaziri
- Student Research Committee, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Terence T. Sio
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Phoenix, AZ, United States
| | - Mark J. M. Sullman
- Department of Social Sciences, University of Nicosia, Nicosia, Cyprus
- Department of Life and Health Sciences, University of Nicosia, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Mohammad Barary
- Student Research Committee, Virtual School of Medical Education and Management, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Students' Scientific Research Center (SSRC), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Soheil Ebrahimpour
- Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Alberts R, Chan SC, Meng QF, He S, Rao L, Liu X, Zhang Y. Integration and Reanalysis of Four RNA-Seq Datasets Including BALF, Nasopharyngeal Swabs, Lung Biopsy, and Mouse Models Reveals Common Immune Features of COVID-19. Immune Netw 2022; 22:e22. [PMID: 35799708 PMCID: PMC9250867 DOI: 10.4110/in.2022.22.e22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Revised: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Rudi Alberts
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, NUSMED Immunology Translational Research Programme, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117456, Singapore
- Immunology Programme, Institute of Life Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore117456, Singapore
| | - Sze Chun Chan
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, NUSMED Immunology Translational Research Programme, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117456, Singapore
- Immunology Programme, Institute of Life Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore117456, Singapore
| | | | - Shan He
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798, Singapore
| | - Lang Rao
- Shengzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen 518132, P. R. China
| | - Xindong Liu
- Institute of Pathology and Southwest Cancer Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400038, P. R. China
| | - Yongliang Zhang
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, NUSMED Immunology Translational Research Programme, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117456, Singapore
- Immunology Programme, Institute of Life Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore117456, Singapore
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Abstract
No pharmaceutical products have been demonstrated to be safe and effective to specifically treat coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19); therefore, the therapy administered to infected patients remains symptomatic and empiric. Alongside the development of new, often high-cost drugs, a different tactic is being applied in parallel, investigating long-established, inexpensive medications originally designed for a variety of diseases to study their potential in treating COVID-19. The skin is the largest organ of the human body. With more than 3,000 skin conditions identified, the specialty of dermatology offers a rich armamentarium of systemic therapeutic agents aimed to treat the various chronic immunologically mediated, metabolic, infectious, occupational, inherited, or paraneoplastic dermatoses. Dermatologists have extensive experience with many drugs that have demonstrated promising in vitro antiviral action (directly targeting the viral replication). Many of these drugs have been used as nonspecific immunosuppressive strategies, such as glucocorticoids, synthetic antimalarials, colchicine, or other immunomodulators, and a number of targeted therapeutics have been directed at controlling hyperinflammatory processes similar to the "cytokine storm" associated with COVID-19 infection. We discuss several dermatologic drugs that have already been used or may have a promising role in the treatment of COVID-19.
Collapse
|
6
|
Vianello A, Del Turco S, Babboni S, Silvestrini B, Ragusa R, Caselli C, Melani L, Fanucci L, Basta G. The Fight against COVID-19 on the Multi-Protease Front and Surroundings: Could an Early Therapeutic Approach with Repositioning Drugs Prevent the Disease Severity? Biomedicines 2021; 9:710. [PMID: 34201505 PMCID: PMC8301470 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9070710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2021] [Revised: 06/17/2021] [Accepted: 06/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The interaction between the membrane spike (S) protein of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and the transmembrane angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptor of the human epithelial host cell is the first step of infection, which has a critical role for viral pathogenesis of the current coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Following the binding between S1 subunit and ACE2 receptor, different serine proteases, including TMPRSS2 and furin, trigger and participate in the fusion of the viral envelope with the host cell membrane. On the basis of the high virulence and pathogenicity of SARS-CoV-2, other receptors have been found involved for viral binding and invasiveness of host cells. This review comprehensively discusses the mechanisms underlying the binding of SARS-CoV2 to ACE2 and putative alternative receptors, and the role of potential co-receptors and proteases in the early stages of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Given the short therapeutic time window within which to act to avoid the devastating evolution of the disease, we focused on potential therapeutic treatments-selected mainly among repurposing drugs-able to counteract the invasive front of proteases and mild inflammatory conditions, in order to prevent severe infection. Using existing approved drugs has the advantage of rapidly proceeding to clinical trials, low cost and, consequently, immediate and worldwide availability.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Annamaria Vianello
- Department of Information Engineering, Telemedicine Section, University of Pisa, 56122 Pisa, Italy; (A.V.); (L.F.)
| | - Serena Del Turco
- Council of National Research (CNR), Institute of Clinical Physiology, 56124 Pisa, Italy; (S.B.); (R.R.); (C.C.)
| | - Serena Babboni
- Council of National Research (CNR), Institute of Clinical Physiology, 56124 Pisa, Italy; (S.B.); (R.R.); (C.C.)
| | - Beatrice Silvestrini
- Department of Surgical, Medical, Molecular Pathology, and Critical Area, University of Pisa, 56122 Pisa, Italy;
| | - Rosetta Ragusa
- Council of National Research (CNR), Institute of Clinical Physiology, 56124 Pisa, Italy; (S.B.); (R.R.); (C.C.)
| | - Chiara Caselli
- Council of National Research (CNR), Institute of Clinical Physiology, 56124 Pisa, Italy; (S.B.); (R.R.); (C.C.)
| | - Luca Melani
- Department of Territorial Medicine, ASL Toscana Nord-Ovest, 56121 Pisa, Italy;
| | - Luca Fanucci
- Department of Information Engineering, Telemedicine Section, University of Pisa, 56122 Pisa, Italy; (A.V.); (L.F.)
| | - Giuseppina Basta
- Council of National Research (CNR), Institute of Clinical Physiology, 56124 Pisa, Italy; (S.B.); (R.R.); (C.C.)
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
|