Identification of CX3CR1+ mononuclear phagocyte subsets involved in HIV-1 and SIV colorectal transmission.
iScience 2022;
25:104346. [PMID:
35601921 PMCID:
PMC9117554 DOI:
10.1016/j.isci.2022.104346]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Revised: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The difficulty to unambiguously identify the various subsets of mononuclear phagocytes (MNPs) of the intestinal lamina propria has hindered our understanding of the initial events occurring after mucosal exposure to HIV-1.
Here, we compared the composition and function of MNP subsets at steady-state and following ex vivo and in vivo viral exposure in human and macaque colorectal tissues.
Combined evaluation of CD11c, CD64, CD103, and CX3CR1 expression allowed to differentiate lamina propria MNPs subsets common to both species. Among them, CD11c+ CX3CR1+ cells expressing CCR5 migrated inside the epithelium following ex vivo and in vivo exposure of colonic tissue to HIV-1 or SIV. In addition, the predominant population of CX3CR1high macrophages present at steady-state partially shifted to CX3CR1low macrophages as early as three days following in vivo SIV rectal challenge of macaques.
Our analysis identifies CX3CR1+ MNPs as novel players in the early events of HIV-1 and SIV colorectal transmission.
Human and macaque intestinal MNPs show similar phenotype, localization, and function
CX3CR1+ MNPs migrate inside the intestinal epithelium to sample HIV/SIV
SIV infection alters the balance between CX3CR1high and CX3CR1low Mφs
CX3CR1+ Mφs contribute to the breakdown of the intestinal barrier in HIV/SIV infection
Collapse