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Xu M, Zhang Y, Zhao K, Jiang H, Wang G, Wu Y, Wang Y, Liu N, Su X. Prediction of pathological response to neoadjuvant immunochemotherapy with baseline and post-treatment 18F-FDG PET imaging biomarkers in patients with locally advanced gastric cancer. BMC Cancer 2025; 25:378. [PMID: 40022087 PMCID: PMC11871599 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-025-13765-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2024] [Accepted: 02/18/2025] [Indexed: 03/03/2025] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neoadjuvant immunochemotherapy (NICT) has shown promising therapeutic benefits in patients with locally advanced gastric cancer (LAGC). Our study aimed to predict the pathological response to NICT in LAGC before surgery by correlating the metabolic parameters of baseline and post-treatment 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG) positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) of the primary lesion with the pathological response following radical surgery. METHODS Thirty-six LAGC patients who received three cycles of NICT (combination of sintilimab and CapeOx), followed by radical surgery, were included in this study. Both baseline 18F-FDG PET/CT (bPET) and post-treatment 18F-FDG PET/CT (pPET) were conducted, the metabolic parameters derived from the PET/CT scans, including the maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax), metabolic tumor volume (MTV), and total lesion glycolysis (TLG) on bPET and pPET (bSUVmax and pSUVmax, bMTV and pMTV, bTLG and pTLG), as well as their reductions post-treatment (ΔSUVmax, ΔMTV, and ΔTLG), were assessed for their correlation with treatment efficacy and tumor regression grade (TRG) following NICT. RESULTS Out of the 36 patients, 13 patients had a good response (GR), which included 5 cases with TRG 0 and 8 cases with TRG 1. Conversely, 23 patients exhibited a poor response (PR), with 20 patients having TRG 2 and 3 patients having TRG 3. Univariate analysis revealed that pMTV and pTLG in the GR group were significantly lower compared to the PR group (all p < 0.05). The identified cutoff values of pMTV and pTLG were 1.68 cm³ (area under the cure (AUC) = 0.683) and 4.71 cm³ (AUC = 0.683) for the GR and PR groups, respectively. On receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analyses, these values corresponded to sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of 68.8%, 80.0%, and 73.1%, respectively, with no statistically significant differences between them after the DeLong test and McNemar test (all p > 0.05). Furthermore, bSUVmax, bMTV, bTLG, ΔSUVmax, ΔMTV, and ΔTLG in the TRG 0 group were significantly higher than those in the TRG 1 group (all p < 0.05). Upon performing ROC curve analyses for the TRG 0 group, the thresholds for bSUVmax, bMTV, bTLG, ΔSUVmax, ΔMTV, and ΔTLG were determined to be 7.8 (AUC = 0.916), 36.76 (AUC = 0.768), 105.55 (AUC = 0.819), 4.82 (AUC = 0.923), 22.64 (AUC = 0.807), and 104.7 (AUC = 0.845), with no statistically significant differences between them after the DeLong test (all p > 0.05). These thresholds demonstrated high sensitivity (80% for bMTV and 100% for others), specificity (83.9%, 71.0%, 67.7%, 83.9%, 61.3%, and 71.0%), and accuracy (86.1%, 66.7%, 72.2%, 86.1%, 66.7%, and 75.0%) in predicting TRG 0 after NICT, with no statistically significant differences between them after the McNemar test (all p > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Imaging biomarkers from the combination of baseline and post-treatment 18F-FDG PET/CT showed potential in predicting pathological response to NICT in LAGC patients before surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mimi Xu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Yafei Zhang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Kui Zhao
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Haiping Jiang
- Oncology Department, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Guangfa Wang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Yan Wu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Yu Wang
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310005, China
| | - Nian Liu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003, China.
| | - Xinhui Su
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003, China.
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Chen L, Zhang S, Ma H, Zhong K, Yang D, Sun J, Liu H, Song R, Cai H. The short-term efficacy and safety of neoadjuvant Sintilimab combined with chemotherapy for resectable gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma. Langenbecks Arch Surg 2024; 410:5. [PMID: 39666161 DOI: 10.1007/s00423-024-03576-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2024] [Accepted: 12/09/2024] [Indexed: 12/13/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION To explore whether neoadjuvant Sintilimab is suitable for patients with gastroesophageal junction (GEJ) adenocarcinoma, we designed this study to evaluate the short-term efficacy and safety of neoadjuvant Sintilimab in combination with chemotherapy for resectable GEJ adenocarcinoma. METHODS We retrospectively collected data on patients with GEJ adenocarcinoma who underwent surgery after receiving neoadjuvant immunotherapy combined with chemotherapy at Jining First People's Hospital between October 2020 and October 2023. The primary endpoint was complete pathological response (pCR) rate; secondary endpoints: major pathological response (MPR) rate, neoadjuvant therapy-related adverse events (AES), the safety of surgery, Postoperative Complications, and overall survival (OS). RESULTS 24 eligible patients were enrolled in the study and achieved a pCR rate of 16.7%. The treatment-related AES was manageable. The median time interval between the end of neoadjuvant therapy and surgery was 35 days (28-81 days), R0 resection rate was 100%. The most common postoperative complications in the study were pneumonia (n = 11, 45.8%). Median follow-up was 13.5(interquartile range: 8.00, 25.50) months, Kaplan-Meier survival analysis showed median OS was not reached. CONCLUSIONS It was safe and effective for resectable GEJ adenocarcinoma to undergo neoadjuvant Sintilimab combined with chemotherapy followed by surgery, and long-term efficacy needs to be confirmed by further follow-up.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liji Chen
- Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong, 272000, P.R. China
| | - Shifa Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Jining NO. 1 People's Hospital, Jining, Shandong, 272000, P. R. China
- Institute of Thoracic Surgery, Jining Institute of Medical Sciences, Jining, Shandong, 272000, P. R. China
| | - Hongmei Ma
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Jining NO. 1 People's Hospital, Jining, Shandong, 272000, P. R. China
- Institute of Thoracic Surgery, Jining Institute of Medical Sciences, Jining, Shandong, 272000, P. R. China
| | - Kaize Zhong
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Jining NO. 1 People's Hospital, Jining, Shandong, 272000, P. R. China
- Institute of Thoracic Surgery, Jining Institute of Medical Sciences, Jining, Shandong, 272000, P. R. China
| | - Dongbao Yang
- Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong, 272000, P.R. China
| | - Jiuhe Sun
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Jining NO. 1 People's Hospital, Jining, Shandong, 272000, P. R. China
- Institute of Thoracic Surgery, Jining Institute of Medical Sciences, Jining, Shandong, 272000, P. R. China
| | - Hongfeng Liu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Jining NO. 1 People's Hospital, Jining, Shandong, 272000, P. R. China
- Institute of Thoracic Surgery, Jining Institute of Medical Sciences, Jining, Shandong, 272000, P. R. China
| | - Ru Song
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Jining NO. 1 People's Hospital, Jining, Shandong, 272000, P. R. China
- Institute of Thoracic Surgery, Jining Institute of Medical Sciences, Jining, Shandong, 272000, P. R. China
| | - Haibo Cai
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Jining NO. 1 People's Hospital, Jining, Shandong, 272000, P. R. China.
- Institute of Thoracic Surgery, Jining Institute of Medical Sciences, Jining, Shandong, 272000, P. R. China.
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Cai H, Chen L, Huang J, Ma H, Zhang S, Zhong K, Yang D, Sun J, Liu H, Song R. Mid-term follow-up results of neoadjuvant sintilimab combined with chemotherapy for locally advanced resectable esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1453176. [PMID: 39697347 PMCID: PMC11652524 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1453176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2024] [Accepted: 11/07/2024] [Indexed: 12/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The study was conducted in order to investigate whether neoadjuvant immunotherapy combined with chemotherapy can bring survival benefits to patients with locally advanced resectable esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) in the real world. Methods We retrospectively analysed patients with locally advanced resectable ESCC who underwent surgery at the Jining First People's Hospital from April 2020 to April 2022. Based on their medical history, the enrolled patients were divided into a neoadjuvant immunochemotherapy plus surgery group (nICT group) and a surgery-only group (S group). Primary endpoints were the two-year overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) rates. Secondary endpoints were the safety and efficacy of neoadjuvant immunochemotherapy for patients with locally advanced esophageal cancer, and compared the surgery and postoperative outcomes between the two groups. Results A total of 47 patients in the nICT group and 73 patients in the S group were included for further analysis, the stage of the nICT group was more advanced than that of the S group. In the group nICT, 8 patients (17%) achieved the complete pathological response (pCR), 29 patients (61.7%) achieved major pathological response (MPR), including 6 patients (12.8%) with a primary tumor achieving pCR but had residual tumor cells in the lymph nodes (pT0N+), and the treatment-related AES was manageable. The surgery and postoperative outcomes were comparable in both groups. The two-year OS and DFS rates for the nICT group were 91.5% and 85.5% respectively, while those for the S group were 71.2% and 68.5%, and Kaplan-Meier survival analysis and log-rank test revealed significant differences in DFS and OS between the two groups. Patients who achieved MPR in the nICT group showed better DFS and OS, while the Three-cycle subgroup did not exhibit any survival benefit compared to the Two-cycle subgroup. Conclusions Neoadjuvant sintilimab combined with chemotherapy has promising efficacy and safety in the treatment of locally advanced resectable ESCC. The treatment modality has the potential to become a standard therapy for locally advanced resectable ESCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haibo Cai
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Jining No. 1 People’s Hospital, Jining, Shandong, China
- Institute of Thoracic Surgery, Jining Institute of Medical Sciences, Jining, Shandong, China
| | - Liji Chen
- School of Clinical Medicine, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong, China
| | - Junjun Huang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Huzhou Central Hospital, Huzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Hongmei Ma
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Jining No. 1 People’s Hospital, Jining, Shandong, China
- Institute of Thoracic Surgery, Jining Institute of Medical Sciences, Jining, Shandong, China
| | - Shifa Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Jining No. 1 People’s Hospital, Jining, Shandong, China
- Institute of Thoracic Surgery, Jining Institute of Medical Sciences, Jining, Shandong, China
| | - Kaize Zhong
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Jining No. 1 People’s Hospital, Jining, Shandong, China
- Institute of Thoracic Surgery, Jining Institute of Medical Sciences, Jining, Shandong, China
| | - Dongbao Yang
- School of Clinical Medicine, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong, China
| | - Jiuhe Sun
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Jining No. 1 People’s Hospital, Jining, Shandong, China
- Institute of Thoracic Surgery, Jining Institute of Medical Sciences, Jining, Shandong, China
| | - Hongfeng Liu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Jining No. 1 People’s Hospital, Jining, Shandong, China
- Institute of Thoracic Surgery, Jining Institute of Medical Sciences, Jining, Shandong, China
| | - Ru Song
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Jining No. 1 People’s Hospital, Jining, Shandong, China
- Institute of Thoracic Surgery, Jining Institute of Medical Sciences, Jining, Shandong, China
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Qian M, Fang Y, Xiang Z, Zhang Y, Zhan H, Chen X, Chen Y, Xu T. The efficacy of neoadjuvant immunotherapy in gastric cancer, adenocarcinoma of the esophagogastric junction, and esophageal cancer: a meta-analysis. Front Oncol 2024; 14:1502611. [PMID: 39650059 PMCID: PMC11621004 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2024.1502611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2024] [Accepted: 11/07/2024] [Indexed: 12/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Neoadjuvant immunotherapy holds promise in managing resectable locally advanced gastric cancer (GC), adenocarcinoma of the esophagogastric junction (AEG), and esophageal cancer (EC). However, consensus is lacking regarding the efficacy of programmed death-1 (PD-1) and programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) inhibitors in neoadjuvant immunochemotherapy (NICT). This study aims to assess the added benefit of PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors in neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NCT) for these malignancies. Methods Up to October 2024, randomized controlled trials, case-control studies, and cohort studies that evaluated the addition of PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors to NCT were systematically retrieved from electronic databases. The primary endpoints included pathologic complete response (pCR), major pathological response (MPR), overall survival (OS), and progression-free survival (PFS). Results Thirteen studies published between 2021 and 2024 were analyzed. Statistical analyses revealed significantly higher pCR rates (OR: 2.73, P < 0.001) and MPR rates (OR: 2.99, P < 0.001) in the NICT group compared to NCT group. The PFS was also higher in the NICT group, although the difference did not reach statistical significance (HR: 0.50, P = 0.072). Conclusion This meta-analysis demonstrates that NICT enhances pathological response rates in patients with resectable locally advanced GC, AEG, and EC. However, no significant long-term prognostic benefits were associated with NICT. Systematic review registration https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero, identifier CRD42024545725.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengyi Qian
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yingying Fang
- The First Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhiyi Xiang
- The First Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yueming Zhang
- Intensive Care Unit, Hospital of Zhejiang People’s Armed Police, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hujie Zhan
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaotong Chen
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yihang Chen
- School of Ophthalmology & Optometry, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Tinghui Xu
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Ningbo Yinzhou No. 2 Hospital, Ningbo, China
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Wang P, Chen Y, Lei M, He H, Zhang D, Lin J, Lin H, Wei W, Chen P, Zhuang F, Chen W, Zhou H, Gao P, Liu S, Wang F. Comparison of neoadjuvant chemoimmunotherapy and neoadjuvant chemotherapy for resectable esophageal squamous cell carcinoma: a retrospective study with 3-year survival analysis. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2024; 150:477. [PMID: 39455469 PMCID: PMC11511717 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-024-06004-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2024] [Accepted: 10/16/2024] [Indexed: 10/28/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neoadjuvant chemoimmunotherapy (nCIT) for locally advanced esophageal squamous cell cancer (ESCC) has shown short-term benefits, but long-term survival outcomes are unclear. This study compares nCIT and neoadjuvant chemotherapy (nCT) in resectable ESCC. PATIENTS AND METHODS A retrospective analysis was conducted on ESCC patients who underwent nCT or nCIT followed by esophagectomy. Propensity score matching (PSM) with a caliper of 0.02 was employed to minimize bias. The primary endpoints included disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS). RESULTS A total of 131 comparable pairs of ESCC patients receiving nCT and nCIT were selected for the final analysis. The nCIT had higher rates of pathological complete response (pCR) and major pathological response (mPR) compared to nCT. Additionally, nCIT led to significant tumor down-staging, higher rates of R0 resection, and increased lymph node clearance during surgery. Patients who received nCIT exhibited improved disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) at the 3-year follow-up. The incidence of distant and mixed relapses was lower in the nCIT group compared to the nCT group. However, the risk of locoregional relapse was comparable between the two groups. Subgroup analyses showed that the benefits of nCIT were generally observed across most patient subgroups. Interestingly, in patients without pCR or mPR, nCIT still demonstrated better survival benefits than nCT. CONCLUSION nCIT demonstrated superior pathological response rates and improved 3-year DFS and OS compared to nCT alone in locally advanced ESCC, but long-term survival validation is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peiyuan Wang
- Department of Thoracic Oncology Surgery, Clinical Oncology School of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, 350014, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Translational Cancer Medicine, Fuzhou, China
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Biotherapy, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yujie Chen
- Department of Thoracic Oncology Surgery, Clinical Oncology School of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, 350014, China
| | - Mengxia Lei
- Department of Oncology, Clinical Oncology School of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Hao He
- Department of Thoracic Oncology Surgery, Clinical Oncology School of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, 350014, China
| | - Derong Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Oncology Surgery, Clinical Oncology School of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, 350014, China
| | - Junpeng Lin
- Department of Thoracic Oncology Surgery, Clinical Oncology School of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, 350014, China
| | - Hui Lin
- Department of Thoracic Oncology Surgery, Clinical Oncology School of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, 350014, China
| | - Wenwei Wei
- Department of Thoracic Oncology Surgery, Clinical Oncology School of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, 350014, China
| | - Peng Chen
- Department of Thoracic Oncology Surgery, Clinical Oncology School of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, 350014, China
| | - Fengnian Zhuang
- Department of Thoracic Oncology Surgery, Clinical Oncology School of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, 350014, China
| | - Weijie Chen
- Department of Thoracic Oncology Surgery, Clinical Oncology School of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, 350014, China
| | - Hang Zhou
- Department of Thoracic Oncology Surgery, Clinical Oncology School of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, 350014, China
| | - Pengqiang Gao
- Department of Thoracic Oncology Surgery, Clinical Oncology School of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, 350014, China
| | - Shuoyan Liu
- Department of Thoracic Oncology Surgery, Clinical Oncology School of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, 350014, China.
| | - Feng Wang
- Department of Thoracic Oncology Surgery, Clinical Oncology School of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, 350014, China
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Zhou D, Chen D, Song P, Hu Z, Xu S, Zhu R, Chen Y. Does neoadjuvant therapy contribute to increased risk in anastomotic leakage of esophageal cancer? A network meta-analysis. J Evid Based Med 2024; 17:559-574. [PMID: 39161209 DOI: 10.1111/jebm.12634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/15/2024] [Indexed: 08/21/2024]
Abstract
AIM Conflicting results have been reported about the impact of neoadjuvant therapy on anastomotic leakage (AL) after esophagectomy. We aimed to unravel the potential effect of neoadjuvant therapy on AL after esophagectomy through a network meta-analysis. METHODS A Bayesian network meta-analysis was performed by retrieving relevant literature from PubMed, EMbase, The Cochrane Library and Web of Science Core Collection. Randomized clinical trials (RCTs) and retrospective studies (RS) comparing the following treatment modalities were included: neoadjuvant chemoradiation (nCRT), neoadjuvant chemotherapy (nCT), neoadjuvant radiotherapy (nR), neoadjuvant immunochemotherapy (nICT), and surgery alone (SA). Subgroup analyses by radiation dose, examined lymph nodes (ELN), route of reconstruction, site of anastomosis, and surgical approach were also conducted. RESULTS A total of 62 studies with 12,746 patients were included for the present study, among which 17 were RCTs. There were no significantly statistical differences observed among the five treatment modalities in AL for both RCTs (nCRT-nICT: risk ratio 1.51, 95% confidence interval 0.52-4.4; nCT-nICT: 1.71, 0.56-5.08; nICT-nR: 0.79, 0.12-8.02; nICT-SA: 0.59, 0.2-1.84) and RS (nCRT-nICT: odds ratio 1.53, 95% confidence interval 0.84-2.84; nCT-nICT: 1.56, 0.87-2.88; nICT-SA: 0.6, 0.31-1.12; nICT-nR: 1.08, 0.09-36.02). Subgroup analysis revealed that no significant difference in AL was observed among the five treatment modalities except for the impact of nCRT versus nCT (0.21, 0.05-0.73) on AL with a radiation dose ≥41.4 Gy. CONCLUSIONS Neoadjuvant therapy do not significantly increase the incidence of AL after esophagectomy. Administration of irradiation with a moderate dose is not associated with elevated risk in AL. Clinicians can be less apprehensive about prescribing nCRT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Da Zhou
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Donglai Chen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Peidong Song
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Zihao Hu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Sukai Xu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Rongying Zhu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Yongbing Chen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
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Xie M, Wang XH, Yang JJ, Su ZX, Huang JH, Li PC, Jiang FG. Rapid progress of an iris metastasis from esophageal cancer: a case report and review of literature. Int J Ophthalmol 2024; 17:1557-1567. [PMID: 39156770 PMCID: PMC11286432 DOI: 10.18240/ijo.2024.08.22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 08/20/2024] Open
Abstract
This case report details a rare instance of rapid iris metastasis from esophageal cancer in a 59-year-old man. A literature review was conducted to explore recent advances in detecting, diagnosing, and treating intraocular metastatic malignancies. Positron emission tomography-computed tomography played a crucial role in identifying primary sites and systemic metastases. Local treatment combined with systemic therapy effectively reduced tumor size, preserved useful vision, and improved the patient's survival rate. A comparison was made of the characteristics of iris metastases from esophageal cancer and lung cancer, including age, gender, tumor characteristics, and treatment. The challenges associated with diagnosis and treatment are discussed, highlighting the implications for clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Xie
- Department of Ophthalmology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, Hubei Province, China
| | - Xing-Hua Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, Hubei Province, China
| | - Jun-Jie Yang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, Hubei Province, China
| | - Zi-Xuan Su
- Department of Ophthalmology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, Hubei Province, China
| | - Jia-Hui Huang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, Hubei Province, China
| | - Peng-Cheng Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, Hubei Province, China
| | - Fa-Gang Jiang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, Hubei Province, China
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Yu YK, Meng FY, Wei XF, Chen XK, Li HM, Liu Q, Li CJ, Xie HN, Xu L, Zhang RX, Xing W, Li Y. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy combined with immunotherapy versus neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy in patients with locally advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2024; 168:417-428.e3. [PMID: 38246339 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtcvs.2023.12.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2023] [Revised: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To date, few studies have compared effectiveness and survival rates of neoadjuvant chemotherapy combined with immunotherapy (NACI) and conventional neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (NCRT) in patients with locally advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). The present study was conducted to compare therapeutic response and survival between NACI and NCRT. METHODS The study cohort comprised patients with locally advanced ESCC treated with either NACI or NCRT followed by surgery between June 2018 and March 2021. The 2 groups were compared for treatment response, 3-year overall survival (OS), and disease-free survival (DFS). Survival curves were created using the Kaplan-Meier method, differences were compared using the log-rank test, and potential imbalances were corrected for using the inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW) method. RESULTS Among 202 patients with locally advanced ESCC, 81 received NACI and 121 received conventional NCRT. After IPTW adjustment, the R0 resection rate (85.2% vs 92.3%; P = .227) and the pathologic complete response (pCR) rate (27.5% vs 36.4%; P = .239) were comparable between the 2 groups. Nevertheless, patients who received NACI exhibited both a better 3-year OS rate (91.7% vs 79.8%; P = .032) and a better 3-year DFS rate (87.4% vs 72.8%; P = .039) compared with NCRT recipients. CONCLUSIONS NACI has R0 resection and pCR rates comparable to those of NCRT and seems to be correlated with better prognosis than NCRT. NACI followed by surgery may be an effective treatment strategy for locally advanced ESCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Kui Yu
- Section of Esophageal and Mediastinal Oncology, Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China; The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University & Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
| | - Fan-Yu Meng
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, China
| | - Xiu-Feng Wei
- Section of Esophageal and Mediastinal Oncology, Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Xian-Kai Chen
- Section of Esophageal and Mediastinal Oncology, Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Hao-Miao Li
- The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University & Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
| | - Qi Liu
- The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University & Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
| | - Can-Jun Li
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Hou-Nai Xie
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Lei Xu
- Section of Esophageal and Mediastinal Oncology, Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China; Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Chest Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Rui-Xiang Zhang
- Section of Esophageal and Mediastinal Oncology, Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Wenqun Xing
- The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University & Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China.
| | - Yin Li
- Section of Esophageal and Mediastinal Oncology, Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
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9
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Shi YJ, Yan S, Yang X, Guan Z, Li XT, Wang LL, Dai L, Sun YS. Early Contrast-Enhanced MR for Diagnosing Complete Tumor Response of Locally Advanced Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma After Neoadjuvant Therapy: A Retrospective Comparative Study. Ann Surg Oncol 2024; 31:4271-4280. [PMID: 38453768 DOI: 10.1245/s10434-024-15123-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study assessed the performance of early contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance (ECE-MR) in the detecting of complete tumor response (ypT0) in patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma following neoadjuvant therapy. PATIENTS AND METHODS Preoperative MR images of consecutive patients who underwent neoadjuvant therapy and surgical resection were reviewed retrospectively. The accuracy of ECE-MR and T2WI+DWI was evaluated by comparing the findings with pathological results. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis was used to assess the diagnostic performance, and DeLong method was applied to compare the areas under the curves (AUC). Chi-squared analysis was conducted to explore the difference in pathological changes. RESULTS A total of 198 patients (mean age 62.6 ± 7.8 years, 166 men) with 201 lesions were included. The AUC of ECE-MR was 0.85 (95% CI 0.79-0.90) for diagnosing ypT1-4, which was significantly higher than that of T2WI+DWI (AUC 0.69, 95% CI 0.63-0.76, p < 0.001). The diagnostic performance of both T2WI+DWI and ECE-MR improved with increasing tumor stage. The AUCs of ECE-MRI were higher in ypT1 and ypT2 tumors than T2WI+DWI. Degree 2-3 tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes and neutrophils were commonly seen in ypT0 tumors misdiagnosed by ECE-MR. CONCLUSIONS Visual evaluation of ECE-MR is a promising diagnostic protocol for the detection of complete tumor response, especially for differentiation with early stage tumors. The accurate diagnosis of complete tumor response after neoadjuvant therapy using imaging modalities is of important significance for clinical decision-making for patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. It is hoped that early contrast-enhanced MR will provide supportive advice for the development of individualized treatment options for patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Jie Shi
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Radiology, Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Hai Dian District, Beijing, China
| | - Shuo Yan
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Radiology, Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Hai Dian District, Beijing, China
| | - Xin Yang
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Pathology, Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Hai Dian District, Beijing, China
| | - Zhen Guan
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Radiology, Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Hai Dian District, Beijing, China
| | - Xiao-Ting Li
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Radiology, Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Hai Dian District, Beijing, China
| | - Lin-Lin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Radiology, Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Hai Dian District, Beijing, China
| | - Liang Dai
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), The First Department of Thoracic Surgery, Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Hai-Dian District, Beijing, China.
| | - Ying-Shi Sun
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Radiology, Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Hai Dian District, Beijing, China.
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10
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Wang M, Dong W, Liu A, Lai T, Zhang B, Sun Q. Efficacy and safety of neoadjuvant immunotherapy combined with chemotherapy for resectable esophageal cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Transl Cancer Res 2024; 13:2735-2750. [PMID: 38988921 PMCID: PMC11231810 DOI: 10.21037/tcr-24-198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Esophageal cancer is often overlooked in its early stages, with approximately 70% of patients being diagnosed at a locally advanced or late stage. Surgical treatment and chemotherapy are the mainstays of esophageal cancer management. However, for locally advanced esophageal cancer, both surgery alone and chemotherapy alone have high rates of recurrence and metastasis. The objective of the research was to investigate the security and therapeutic efficacy of neoadjuvant immunochemotherapy (NICT) in the treatment of resectable, locally advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). METHODS We conducted a literature search on PubMed, Embase, Cochrane, Web of Science, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), China Science and Technology Journal Database (VIP), China Biomedical Literature Database, and Wanfang for studies published before November 2023 that investigated on the clinical effectiveness and safety of neoadjuvant immunotherapy in resectable ESCC. The Newcastle-Ottawa Quality Assessment Scale (NOS) was used for assessment, and Stata 17.0 was utilized for meta-analysis and sensitivity analysis. RESULTS A total of 13 retrospective cohort studies involving 1,276 patients were included in this analysis. The NICT group showed a higher pathological complete response (pCR) rate [odds ratio (OR) =5.72; 95% confidence interval (CI), 3.40-9.63]. The major pathologic response (MPR) rate, objective response rate (ORR), R0 resection rate, and 1-year overall survival (OS) in the NICT group were better than those in the neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NCT) group (OR =3.70, 95% CI: 2.32-5.91; OR =2.22, 95% CI: 1.44-3.40; OR =2.63, 95% CI: 1.58-4.38; OR =10.08, 95% CI: 4.32-23.56). However, the NICT group also showed a drawback in terms of adverse reactions and postoperative complications. The incidence of rash (OR =4.69, 95% CI: 1.42-15.49) and pleural effusion (OR =3.99, 95% CI: 1.75-9.07) was significantly higher in the NCT group compared to the NICT group. The subgroup analysis indicates that the use of camrelizumab is associated with an increased incidence of rash. Additionally, performing a left thoracic esophagectomy and esophagogastric thoracic procedure significantly improved the R0 resection rate. CONCLUSIONS Neoadjuvant immunotherapy has shown promising efficacy in patients with locally advanced ESCC; however, it is linked to a higher occurrence of adverse events. Therefore, its use in clinical practice should be carefully considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingxing Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Lu’an City Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Lu’an, China
| | - Wanhui Dong
- Department of Medical Oncology, Lu’an Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Lu’an, China
| | - Aixin Liu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Lu’an City Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Lu’an, China
| | - Tong Lai
- Department of Medical Oncology, Lu’an City Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Lu’an, China
| | - Baorui Zhang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Lu’an City Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Lu’an, China
| | - Qingming Sun
- Department of Medical Oncology, Lu’an Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Lu’an, China
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11
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Guo F, Zhang X, Zhao F, Jiang H, Duan X. Neoadjuvant chemoimmunotherapy followed by robot esophagectomy has no effect on short-term results compared with surgery alone. Thorac Cancer 2024; 15:1446-1453. [PMID: 38770546 PMCID: PMC11194118 DOI: 10.1111/1759-7714.15334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2024] [Revised: 04/28/2024] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To determine the safety and efficacy of robot-assisted minimally invasive esophagectomy (RAMIE) for locally advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) after neoadjuvant chemoimmunotherapy (NCI). METHODS Data from patients who underwent RAMIE between January 2020 and June 2022 were retrospectively analyzed. The oncological and operative outcomes of the NCI and surgery-only (S) groups were compared by both unmatched and 1:1 propensity score-matched (PSM) analysis. RESULTS A total of 201 patients with ESCC who underwent three-incision RAMIE were included in this study (143 patients in the S group and 58 patients in the NCI group). Of the 58 patients who underwent NCI, a pathologically complete response (pCR) (ypT0N0) was identified in 14 (24.1%) patients. The patients in the NCI group were younger than those in the S group (p = 0.017), and had more advanced cT (p < 0.001) and cN stage diseases (p = 0.002). After 1:1 PSM of the confounders, 55 patients were allocated to each of the NCI and S groups. No significant differences were found in oncological and operative results, including surgical blood loss, operative time, and lymph node harvest (all p > 0.05). However, the NCI group exhibited a lower rate of pulmonary complications than the S group (3.6% vs. 14.5%, p = 0.047). No significant difference between the groups was found for other complications (all p > 0.05). CONCLUSION These findings indicate that NCI could result in a high pCR rate without increased complications in locally advanced ESCC. RAMIE is safe and feasible in patients with ESCC after NCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Guo
- Departments of Endoscopy Diagnosis and Therapy, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and TherapyTianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for CancerTianjinChina
| | - Xu Zhang
- Department of Rehabilitation TherapyLangfang Health Vocational CollegeLangfangChina
| | - Fangdong Zhao
- Department of Minimally Invasive Esophageal Surgery, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and TherapyTianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for CancerTianjinChina
| | - Hongjing Jiang
- Department of Minimally Invasive Esophageal Surgery, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and TherapyTianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for CancerTianjinChina
| | - Xiaofeng Duan
- Department of Minimally Invasive Esophageal Surgery, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and TherapyTianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for CancerTianjinChina
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12
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Lv H, Zhang F, Huang C, Xu S, Li J, Sun B, Gai C, Liu Z, Wang M, Li Z, Tian Z. Survival outcomes of neoadjuvant immunochemotherapy versus chemotherapy for locally advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2024; 150:260. [PMID: 38760614 PMCID: PMC11101546 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-024-05793-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/19/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NCT) is the standard preoperative treatment for resectable locally advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). Some studies reported neoadjuvant immunochemotherapy (NICT) could improve pathological response with manageable safety. However, few studies have compared the efficacy and safety of NICT and NCT, especially survival outcomes. In this study, we compared the efficacy and safety of NICT and NCT after a median follow-up of 36.0 months. METHODS This was a retrospective study with a 1:1 propensity score matching (PSM). Locally advanced ESCC patients treated with neoadjuvant sintilimab plus chemotherapy or chemotherapy followed by esophagectomy were reviewed. The primary outcome was recurrence-free survival (RFS). RESULTS Forty-five patients were identified in each group by PSM. The pathological complete response (pCR) rate in NICT and NCT group were 28.9% and 8.9% (P = 0.02). The hazard ratio (HR) was 0.396 (95% CI 0.171-0.919, p = 0.025) for RFS and 0.377 (95% CI 0.145-0.981, p = 0.038) for overall survival (OS), 3-year RFS was 80.6% and 62.1%, 3-year OS was 86.2% and 68.1%. Patients with pCR, MPR or downstaging had better 3-year RFS and 3-year OS. The incidences of postoperative complications and treatment-related adverse events (TRAEs) were similar. CONCLUSION This trial preliminarily shows that NICT improves pathological and survival outcomes over NCT for resectable locally advanced ESCC, with acceptable and manageable safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huilai Lv
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, NO.12, JianKang Road, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Accurate Diagnosis and Comprehensive Treatment of Esophageal Cancer, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Fan Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, NO.12, JianKang Road, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Accurate Diagnosis and Comprehensive Treatment of Esophageal Cancer, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Chao Huang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, NO.12, JianKang Road, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Accurate Diagnosis and Comprehensive Treatment of Esophageal Cancer, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Shi Xu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, NO.12, JianKang Road, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Accurate Diagnosis and Comprehensive Treatment of Esophageal Cancer, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Jiachen Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, NO.12, JianKang Road, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Accurate Diagnosis and Comprehensive Treatment of Esophageal Cancer, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Bokang Sun
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, NO.12, JianKang Road, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Accurate Diagnosis and Comprehensive Treatment of Esophageal Cancer, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Chunyue Gai
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, NO.12, JianKang Road, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Accurate Diagnosis and Comprehensive Treatment of Esophageal Cancer, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Zhao Liu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, NO.12, JianKang Road, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Accurate Diagnosis and Comprehensive Treatment of Esophageal Cancer, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Mingbo Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, NO.12, JianKang Road, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Accurate Diagnosis and Comprehensive Treatment of Esophageal Cancer, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Zhenhua Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, NO.12, JianKang Road, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Accurate Diagnosis and Comprehensive Treatment of Esophageal Cancer, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Ziqiang Tian
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, NO.12, JianKang Road, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China.
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Accurate Diagnosis and Comprehensive Treatment of Esophageal Cancer, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China.
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13
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Yang G, Yue H, Zhang X, Zeng C, Tan L, Zhang X. Comparison of neoadjuvant chemotherapy or chemoradiotherapy plus immunotherapy for locally resectable esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1336798. [PMID: 38779667 PMCID: PMC11109365 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1336798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Neoadjuvant chemotherapy plus immunotherapy (nCT + ICIs) and neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy plus immunotherapy (nCRT + ICIs) both induced favorable pathological response and tolerant toxicities for locally resectable esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). However, few studies compared safety and efficacy between the two treatment strategies. Methods This retrospective study collected clinical data of locally resectable ESCC patients who underwent nCT + ICIs or nCRT + ICIs followed by esophagectomy from November 2019 to December 2022. The incidence of adverse events, surgical outcomes, short and long-term efficacy, and treatment costs were compared. Results A total of 206 patients were included, with a ratio of 158:48 between nCT + ICIs group and nCRT + ICIs group. The two groups exhibited well-balanced baseline characteristics. Most adverse events were grade 1-2 in both groups. The nCT + ICIs group had a longer operative time (334.00 ± 170.2 min vs 279.60 ± 88.31 min, P=0.020) than nCRT + ICIs group, but there were no differences in surgical complications. Although nCT + ICIs group had a lower pCR rate (32.3% vs 52.1%, P=0.004), the 2-year overall survival (84.42% vs 81.70%, P=0.860), 2-year disease-free survival (83.21% vs 80.47%, P=0.839), and recurrence patterns were similar to nCRT + ICIs group. In addition, nCT + ICIs group had significantly lower expenses (188796.00 ± 107704.00 RMB vs 231808.00 ± 48067.00 RMB, P=0.045). Conclusion Overall, nCT + ICIs have comparable safety and efficacy compared to nCRT + ICIs for locally resectable ESCC, but with lower hospitalization costs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guozhen Yang
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Esophageal Cancer Institute, Guangzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Haodong Yue
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Pathology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaomin Zhang
- School of Nursing, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chufeng Zeng
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Esophageal Cancer Institute, Guangzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Linyu Tan
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Esophageal Cancer Institute, Guangzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xu Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Esophageal Cancer Institute, Guangzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
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14
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Xu J, Cai Y, Hong Z, Duan H, Ke S. Comparison of efficacy and safety between neoadjuvant chemotherapy and neoadjuvant immune checkpoint inhibitors combined with chemotherapy for locally advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Int J Surg 2024; 110:490-506. [PMID: 37800587 PMCID: PMC10793745 DOI: 10.1097/js9.0000000000000816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The application of neoadjuvant immune checkpoint inhibitors combined with chemotherapy (NICT) in treating locally advanced oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is a subject of considerable research interest. In light of this, we undertook a comprehensive meta-analysis aiming to compare the efficacy and safety of this novel approach with conventional neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NCT) in the management of ESCC. METHODS A systematic search was conducted in PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science to gather relevant literature on the efficacy and safety of NICT compared to conventional NCT in locally advanced ESCC published before June 2023. Effect indicators, including odds ratios (ORs) with associated 95% CIs, were employed to evaluate the safety and efficacy outcomes. The risk of bias was assessed using the Cochrane bias risk assessment tool, and s ubgroup analysis and sensitivity analysis were conducted to investigate the findings further. RESULTS A total of nine studies qualified for the meta-analysis, all of which investigated the efficacy and safety of NICT compared to conventional NCT. The pooled rates of pathologic complete response and major pathologic response in the NICT group were significantly higher compared to the NCT group, with values of 26.9% versus 8.3% ( P <0.00001) and 48.1% versus 24.6% ( P <0.00001), respectively. The ORs for achieving pathologic complete response and major pathologic response were 4.24 (95% CI, 2.84-6.32, I 2 =14%) and 3.30 (95% CI, 2.31-4.71, I 2 =0%), respectively, indicating a significant advantage for the NICT group. Regarding safety outcomes, the pooled incidences of treatment-related adverse events and serious adverse events in the NICT group were 64.4% and 11.5%, respectively, compared to 73.8% and 9.3% in the NCT group. However, there were no significant differences observed between the two groups in terms of treatment-related adverse events (OR=0.67, 95% CI, 0.29-1.54, P =0.35, I 2 =58%) or serious adverse events (OR=1.28, 95% CI, 0.69-2.36, P =0.43, I 2 =0%). Furthermore, no significant differences were found between the NICT and NCT groups regarding R0 resection rates, anastomotic leakage, pulmonary infection, and postoperative hoarseness. CONCLUSIONS Neoadjuvant immune checkpoint inhibitors combined with chemotherapy demonstrate efficacy and safety in treating resectable oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Nevertheless, additional randomized trials are required to confirm the optimal treatment regimen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinxin Xu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital Xiamen University, Xiamen
| | - Yingjie Cai
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital Xiamen University, Xiamen
| | - Zhinuan Hong
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Hongbing Duan
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital Xiamen University, Xiamen
| | - Sunkui Ke
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital Xiamen University, Xiamen
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15
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Yin H, Yao Q, Xie Y, Niu D, Jiang W, Cao H, Feng X, Li Y, Li Y, Zhang X, Shen L, Chen Y. Tumor regression grade combined with post-therapy lymph node status: A novel independent prognostic factor for patients treated with neoadjuvant therapy followed by surgery in locally advanced gastroesophageal junction and gastric carcinoma. Cancer Med 2023; 12:19633-19643. [PMID: 37749981 PMCID: PMC10587920 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.6597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Revised: 08/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/27/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tumor regression grade (TRG) is a measure of histopathological response to neoadjuvant therapy (NAT). Post-therapy lymph node (ypN) metastasis was reported as a prognostic factor. However, the evaluation of the treatment effectiveness of NAT has not been well studied. Here, we explored whether TRG combined with ypN status could be a prognostic factor for gastroesophageal junction (GEJ) and gastric cancer (GC). Besides, we aimed at making clear the association of different neoadjuvant regimens with different TRG and ypN status. METHODS 376 patients with GEJ or GC accepting NAT in Peking University Cancer Hospital were retrospectively collected from January 1, 2003 to June 30, 2021. According to TRG and ypN status, patients were innovatively categorized into four groups: TRG0N0, TRG1-3N0, TRG0-1N+, and TRG2-3N+. We applied Kaplan-Meier method and log-rank test to testify the differences in disease free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) among four groups. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to examine the relationships between TRG combined with ypN status and prognosis. RESULTS We observed significant survival differences among the four groups (p < 0.001, respectively). Median DFS and OS of patients with TRG0N0, TRG1-3N0, and TRG0-1N+ were not reached, whereas these of patients with TRG2-3N+ were 17.37 months (95% CI, 14.14-20.60 months) and 39.97 months (95% CI, 27.05-52.89 months). TRG combined with ypN status was still an independent predictor for both DFS (p < 0.001) and OS (p < 0.001) in multivariate analysis. Chi-squared test showed TRG combined with ypN status was significantly associated with different preoperative treatments (p < 0.001). Patients receiving immunotherapy achieved the highest TRG0N0 rate (31.9%). CONCLUSION Our results demonstrate that TRG combined with ypN status is a novel independent predictor of both DFS and OS in resectable, locally advanced GEJ and GC. Neoadjuvant immunotherapy achieved the highest TRG0N0 rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyan Yin
- Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education)Peking University Cancer Hospital and InstituteBeijingChina
- Department of GastroenterologyCangzhou People's HospitalCangzhouChina
| | - Qian Yao
- Department of Pathology, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education)Peking University Cancer Hospital and InstituteBeijingChina
| | - Yi Xie
- Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education)Peking University Cancer Hospital and InstituteBeijingChina
| | - Dongfeng Niu
- Department of Pathology, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education)Peking University Cancer Hospital and InstituteBeijingChina
| | - Wenya Jiang
- Department of GastroenterologyCangzhou People's HospitalCangzhouChina
| | - Huiying Cao
- Department of GastroenterologyCangzhou People's HospitalCangzhouChina
| | - Xujiao Feng
- Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education)Peking University Cancer Hospital and InstituteBeijingChina
| | - Yanyan Li
- Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education)Peking University Cancer Hospital and InstituteBeijingChina
| | - Yilin Li
- Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education)Peking University Cancer Hospital and InstituteBeijingChina
| | | | - Lin Shen
- Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education)Peking University Cancer Hospital and InstituteBeijingChina
| | - Yang Chen
- Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education)Peking University Cancer Hospital and InstituteBeijingChina
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Yao Y, Xuan H, Wang J, Gong L, Gao W. Integrative analysis of tertiary lymphoid structures and immune microenvironment in patients with esophageal carcinoma. TUMORI JOURNAL 2023; 109:466-480. [PMID: 37249074 DOI: 10.1177/03008916231176857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is one of the most common upper gastrointestinal malignancies worldwide. Tertiary lymphoid structures (TLS) are tumor-infiltrating immune cells aggregates coupled with stromal cells which are similar to secondary lymphoid organs. The objective of this study is to explore the predictive effects of two common genes associated with TLS models on prognosis and immunotherapy effects in ESCC patients. METHODS Clinical information for ESCC patients in the TCGA(The Cancer Genome Altas) cohort and GSE 53625 were collected. All of the samples were classified as either high score group or low score group based on two TLS signatures, and the association between TLS signatures and survival, clinical indicators, genomic burden, stemness indices analysis, tumor microenvironment and immunotherapy response were performed. Furthermore, the mature TLS was also assessed in ESCC tissue microarray. RESULTS In our study, we quantified the score of TLS_9 and TLS_12, respectively, reflecting the different statuses of TLS (TLS_9 = B and T cells in TLSs; TLS_12 = neogenesis of TLSs). Subsequently, we explored the effect of TLS score on ESCC tumor microenvironment quantified by multiple algorithms. We found that a correlation analysis indicated that TLS_9 and TLS_12 were all positively correlated with CD8+ T cell, NK cells, CD4+ T cells, M1 macrophages and so on. Meanwhile, some cells present a different correlation pattern of TLS_9 and TLS_12, including activated CD4+ memory T cells and Tgd cells. Immune-related analysis revealed that the TLS_12 and TLS_9 scores were all positively correlated with immune dysfunction, yet negatively correlated with immune exclusion. Following this, the biological roles of TLS_9 and TLS_12 scores were investigated. Also, we noticed that the TLS score could significantly affect the CAFs infiltration and be associated with the genomic burden and tumor stemness. In addition, we explored the prognostic value of mature TLS through tissue microarray (TMA). Our result displayed ESCC patients with the presence of mature TLS had a better prognosis than ESCC patients without it. CONCLUSIONS Our study indicated that ESCC patients with the presence of TLS had better outcomes and an inflamed immune microenvironment. In addition, both TLS-9 and TLS-12 gene signatures could be used as potential biomarkers for the immunotherapy of ESCC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanshan Yao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Clinical Geriatric Medicine, Huadong Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Haojie Xuan
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Clinical Geriatric Medicine, Huadong Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Clinical Geriatric Medicine, Huadong Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Libao Gong
- Department of abdominal oncology, The cancer center of the fifth affiliated hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, Guangdong Province 519000, China
| | - Wen Gao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Clinical Geriatric Medicine, Huadong Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Wang S, Di S, Lu J, Xie S, Yu Z, Liang Y, Gong T. 18 F-FDG PET/CT predicts the role of neoadjuvant immunochemotherapy in the pathological response of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Thorac Cancer 2023; 14:2338-2349. [PMID: 37424279 PMCID: PMC10447171 DOI: 10.1111/1759-7714.15024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Revised: 06/17/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to investigate the predictive value of 18 F-FDG PET/CT for pathological response after neoadjuvant immunochemotherapy (NICT) in patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). METHODS The clinical data of 54 patients with ESCC who underwent two cycles of NICT followed by surgery were retrospectively analyzed. NICT consisted of PD-1 blockade therapy combined with chemotherapy. 18 F-FDG PET/CT scans were performed before and after NICT. The pathological results after surgery were used to assess the degree of pathological response. The scan parameters of 18 F-FDG PET/CT and their changes before and after NICT were compared with the pathological response. RESULTS Among the 54 patients, 10 (18.5%) achieved complete pathological response (pCR) and 21 (38.9%) achieved major pathological response (MPR). The post-NICT scan parameters and their changes were significantly associated with the pathological response. In addition, the values of the changes in the scanned parameters before and after treatment can further predict the pathological response of the patient. CONCLUSION 18 F-FDG PET/CT is a useful tool to evaluate the efficacy of NICT and predict pathological response in patients with ESCC. The post-NICT scan parameters and their changes can help identify patients who are likely to achieve pCR or MPR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuohua Wang
- Department of Thoracic SurgeryNavy Clinical College, Anhui Medical UniversityHefeiChina
- Department of Thoracic SurgeryThe Fifth School of Clinical Medicine, Anhui Medical UniversityHefeiChina
| | - Shouyin Di
- Department of Thoracic SurgeryThe Sixth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General HospitalBeijingChina
| | - Jing Lu
- Department of Thoracic SurgeryThe Sixth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General HospitalBeijingChina
| | - Shun Xie
- Department of Thoracic SurgeryNavy Clinical College, Anhui Medical UniversityHefeiChina
- Department of Thoracic SurgeryThe Fifth School of Clinical Medicine, Anhui Medical UniversityHefeiChina
| | - Zhenyang Yu
- Department of PathologyThe Sixth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General HospitalBeijingChina
| | - Yingkui Liang
- Department of Nuclear MedicineThe Sixth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General HospitalBeijingChina
| | - Taiqian Gong
- Department of Thoracic SurgeryNavy Clinical College, Anhui Medical UniversityHefeiChina
- Department of Thoracic SurgeryThe Fifth School of Clinical Medicine, Anhui Medical UniversityHefeiChina
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18
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Hong Z, Xu J, Chen Z, Xu H, Huang Z, Weng K, Cai J, Ke S, Chen S, Xie J, Duan H, Kang M. Additional neoadjuvant immunotherapy does not increase the risk of anastomotic leakage after esophagectomy for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma: a multicenter retrospective cohort study. Int J Surg 2023; 109:2168-2178. [PMID: 37318861 PMCID: PMC10442078 DOI: 10.1097/js9.0000000000000487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Neoadjuvant chemoimmunotherapy (nICT) is a novel and promising therapy model for locally advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.The objective of this study aimed to assessed the impact of additional neoadjuvant immunotherapy on patients' short-term outcomes, particularly the incidence of anastomotic leakage (AL) and pathological response. METHODS Patients with locally advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma who received neoadjuvant chemotherapy (nCT)/ nICT combination with radical esophagectomy were enrolled from three medical centers in China. The authors used propensity score matching (PSM, ration:1:1, caliper=0.01) and inverse probability processing weighting (IPTW) to balance the baseline characteristics and compare the outcomes. Conditional logistic regression and weighted logistic regression analysis were used to further evaluate whether additional neoadjuvant immunotherapy would increase the risk of postoperative AL. RESULTS A total of 331 patients getting partially advanced ESCC receiving nCT or nICT were enrolled from three medical centers in China. After PSM/IPTW, the baseline characteristics reached an equilibrium between the two groups. After matching, there were no significant difference in the AL incidence between the two groups ( P =0.68, after PSM; P =0.97 after IPTW), and the incidence of AL in the two groups was 15.85 versus 18.29%, and 14.79 versus 15.01%, respectively. After PSM/IPTW, both groups were similar in pleural effusion and pneumonia. After IPTW, the nICT group had a higher incidence of bleeding (3.36 vs. 0.30%, P =0.01), chylothorax (5.79 0.30%, P =0.001), and cardiac events (19.53 vs. 9.20%, P =0.04). recurrent laryngeal nerve palsy (7.85 vs. 0.54%, P =0.003). After PSM, both groups were similar in palsy of the recurrent laryngeal nerve (1.22 vs. 3.66%, P =0.31) and cardiac events (19.51 vs. 14.63%, P =0.41). Weighted logistic regression analysis showed that additional neoadjuvant immunotherapy was not responsible for AL (OR=0.56, 95% CI: [0.17, 1.71], after PSM; 0.74, 95% CI: [0.34,1.56], after IPTW). The nICT group had dramatically higher pCR in primary tumor than the nCT group ( P =0.003, PSM; P =0.005, IPTW), 9.76 versus 28.05% and 7.72 versus 21.17%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Additional neoadjuvant immunotherapy could benefit pathological reactions without increasing the risk of AL and pulmonary complications. The authors require further randomized controlled research to validate whether additional neoadjuvant immunotherapy would make a difference in other complications, and determine whether pathologic benefits could translate into prognostic benefits, which would require longer follow-up.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhinuan Hong
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital
- Key Laboratory of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Fujian Medical University, Fujian Province University
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Gastrointestinal Cancer
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Tumor Microbiology, Fujian Medical University
| | - Jinxin Xu
- Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital Xiamen University, Xiamen
| | - Zhen Chen
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Putian University
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Putian Pulmonary Hospital, Putian, China
| | - Hui Xu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital
- Key Laboratory of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Fujian Medical University, Fujian Province University
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Gastrointestinal Cancer
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Tumor Microbiology, Fujian Medical University
| | - Zhixin Huang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital
- Key Laboratory of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Fujian Medical University, Fujian Province University
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Gastrointestinal Cancer
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Tumor Microbiology, Fujian Medical University
| | - Kai Weng
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital
- Key Laboratory of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Fujian Medical University, Fujian Province University
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Gastrointestinal Cancer
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Tumor Microbiology, Fujian Medical University
| | | | - Sunkui Ke
- Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital Xiamen University, Xiamen
| | - Shuchen Chen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital
- Key Laboratory of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Fujian Medical University, Fujian Province University
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Gastrointestinal Cancer
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Tumor Microbiology, Fujian Medical University
| | - Jinbiao Xie
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Putian University
| | - Hongbing Duan
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital Xiamen University, Xiamen
| | - Mingqiang Kang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital
- Key Laboratory of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Fujian Medical University, Fujian Province University
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Gastrointestinal Cancer
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Tumor Microbiology, Fujian Medical University
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Wang Y, Yang W, Wang Q, Zhou Y. Mechanisms of esophageal cancer metastasis and treatment progress. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1206504. [PMID: 37359527 PMCID: PMC10285156 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1206504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Esophageal cancer is a prevalent tumor of the digestive tract worldwide. The detection rate of early-stage esophageal cancer is very low, and most patients are diagnosed with metastasis. Metastasis of esophageal cancer mainly includes direct diffusion metastasis, hematogenous metastasis, and lymphatic metastasis. This article reviews the metabolic process of esophageal cancer metastasis and the mechanisms by which M2 macrophages, CAF, regulatory T cells, and their released cytokines, including chemokines, interleukins, and growth factors, form an immune barrier to the anti-tumor immune response mediated by CD8+ T cells, impeding their ability to kill tumor cells during tumor immune escape. The effect of Ferroptosis on the metastasis of esophageal cancer is briefly mentioned. Moreover, the paper also summarizes common drugs and research directions in chemotherapy, immunotherapy, and targeted therapy for advanced metastatic esophageal cancer. This review aims to serve as a foundation for further investigations into the mechanism and management of esophageal cancer metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusheng Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First People’s Hospital of Changzhou, Changzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wei Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Kunshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunshan, Jiangsu, China
| | - Qianyun Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Kunshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunshan, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yong Zhou
- Department of Gastroenterology, Kunshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunshan, Jiangsu, China
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20
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Wang Z, Wang Y, Feng Y, Yan X. Responses to commentary on 'Efficacy and safety of neoadjuvant immunotherapy in surgically resectable esophageal cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis' ( Int J Surg 2022 ;106:106929). Int J Surg 2023; 109:1825-1834. [PMID: 37132181 PMCID: PMC10389394 DOI: 10.1097/js9.0000000000000262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoyang Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tangdu Hospital, The Air Force Military Medical University, Xi’an
| | - Yuanyong Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tangdu Hospital, The Air Force Military Medical University, Xi’an
| | - Yingtong Feng
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, the Affiliated Huaihai Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University / the 71th Group Army Hospital of PLA, Xuzhou, China
| | - Xiaolong Yan
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tangdu Hospital, The Air Force Military Medical University, Xi’an
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21
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Wang H, Song C, Zhao X, Deng W, Dong J, Shen W. Evaluation of neoadjuvant immunotherapy and traditional neoadjuvant therapy for resectable esophageal cancer: a systematic review and single-arm and network meta-analysis. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1170569. [PMID: 37251393 PMCID: PMC10213267 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1170569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to investigate the role of neoadjuvant immunochemotherapy with or without radiotherapy [NIC(R)T] compared to traditional neoadjuvant therapies, without immunotherapy [NC(R)T]. Summary background data NCRT followed by surgical resection is recommended for patients with early-stage esophageal cancer. However, it is uncertain whether adding immunotherapy to preoperative neoadjuvant therapy would improve patient outcomes when radical surgery is performed following neoadjuvant therapy. Methods We searched PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and Cochrane Central databases, as well as international conference abstracts. Outcomes included R0, pathological complete response (pCR), major pathological response (mPR), overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) rates. Results We included data from 5,034 patients from 86 studies published between 2019 and 2022. We found no significant differences between NICRT and NCRT in pCR or mPR rates. Both were better than NICT, with NCT showing the lowest response rate. Neoadjuvant immunotherapy has a significant advantage over traditional neoadjuvant therapy in terms of 1-year OS and DFS, with NICT having better outcomes than any of the other three treatments. There were no significant differences among the four neoadjuvant treatments in terms of R0 rates. Conclusions Among the four neoadjuvant treatment modalities, NICRT and NCRT had the highest pCR and mPR rates. There were no significant differences in the R0 rates among the four treatments. Adding immunotherapy to neoadjuvant therapy improved 1-year OS and DFS, with NICT having the highest rates compared to the other three modalities. Systematic Review Registration https://inplasy.com/inplasy-2022-12-0060/, identifier INPLASY2022120060.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Wenbin Shen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
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22
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Lv H, Huang C, Li J, Zhang F, Gai C, Liu Z, Xu S, Wang M, Li Z, Tian Z. The survival outcomes of neoadjuvant sintilimab combined with chemotherapy in patients with locally advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Front Immunol 2023; 13:1100750. [PMID: 36741358 PMCID: PMC9892710 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1100750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Neoadjuvant programmed death receptor-1 (PD-1) inhibitor combined with chemotherapy has been reported to improve the pathological response of locally advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC), but the systematic report on survival follow-up is quite few. This study we will report the survival follow-up outcomes after a median follow-up of 21.1 months. Methods This was a real-world retrospective study. Locally advanced ESCC patients treated with neoadjuvant sintilimab combined with albumin-bound paclitaxel and nedaplatin followed by surgery and completed at least 1-year follow-up were reviewed. The primary outcome was disease-free survival (DFS) at 24 months. The secondary outcome was overall survival (OS) at 24 months. Results Ninety eligible patients were included in the analysis between July 2019 and October 2021. The median number of neoadjuvant cycles was 3 (range 2-4). All patients achieved R0 resection. With a median follow-up of 21.1 months (range 14.0-39.0), the median DFS and median OS had not reached, 2-year DFS rate was 78.3% (95%CI 68.8%-89.1%) and 2-years OS rate was 88.0% (95%CI 80.6%-96.0%). Postoperative pathological stage, pCR, MPR, tumor down-staging were significantly correlated with favorable survival outcome. Univariable and multivariable Cox regression analysis identified cycle number of neoadjuvant treatment as independent predictor of DFS. Conclusion Our results preliminarily show a survival benefit of neoadjuvant sintilimab combined with chemotherapy in locally advanced ESCC.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Ziqiang Tian
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
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23
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Qin H, Liu F, Zhang Y, Liang Y, Mi Y, Yu F, Xu H, Li K, Lin C, Li L, Tian Z, Wang L. Comparison of neoadjuvant immunotherapy versus routine neoadjuvant therapy for patients with locally advanced esophageal cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1108213. [PMID: 37033991 PMCID: PMC10076616 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1108213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 04/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The neoadjuvant use of immune checkpoint inhibitor combined with chemotherapy (nICT) or chemoradiotherapy (nICRT) in locally advanced esophageal cancer (EC) is currently an area of active ongoing research. Therefore, we carried out a comprehensive meta-analysis to compare the efficacy and safety of the new strategy with routine neoadjuvant strategy, which included neoadjuvant chemotherapy (nCT) and neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (nCRT). Patients and methods MEDLINE (via PubMed), Embase (via OVID), ISI Web of Science database and Cochrane Library were included. And, all of them were searched for eligible studies between January, 2000 and February, 2023. The pathological complete response (pCR) and major pathological response (MPR) were primary outcome of our study. The second outcome of interest was R0 resection rate. Odds ratio (OR) and associated 95% CI were used as the effect indicators comparing the safety and efficiency of the neoadjuvant immunotherapy with the routine neoadjuvant therapy. Fixed-effect model (Inverse Variance) or random-effect model (Mantel-Haenszel method) was performed depending on the statistically heterogeneity. Results There were eight trials with 652 patients were included in our meta-analysis. The estimated pCR rate was higher in the neoadjuvant immunotherapy group (OR =1.86; 95% CI, 1.25-2.75; I2 = 32.8%, P=0.166). The different results were found in the esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) and esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC) subgroups, the estimated OR was 2.35 (95%CI, 1.00-2.72; I2 = 30.9%, P=0.215) in the EAC subgroup, and 2.35 (95% CI, 1.20-4.54; I2 = 45.3%, P=0.161) in the ESCC subgroup, respectively. The neoadjuvant immunotherapy also showed the advantage in the MPR rates (OR =2.66; 95% CI, 1.69-4.19; I2 = 24.3%, P=0.252). There was no obvious difference between the neoadjuvant immunotherapy and routine neoadjuvant therapy with respect to surgical resection rate, R0 resection rate, surgical delay rate; while more treatment-related adverse events were observed for the neoadjuvant immunotherapy for pneumonitis/pneumonia (OR=3.46, 95% CI, 1.31-9.16; I2 = 67.3%, P=0.005) and thyroid dysfunction (OR=4.69, 95% CI, 1.53-14.36; I2 = 56.5%, P=0.032). Conclusion The pooled correlations indicated that the neoadjuvant immunotherapy (both nICT and nICRT) could significantly increase the rates of pCR and MPR, compared with routine neoadjuvant therapy (both nCT and nCRT) in the treatment of locally advanced EC. The neoadjuvant immunotherapy and routine neoadjuvant therapy were with acceptable toxicity. However, randomized studies with larger groups of patients need to performed to confirm these results. Systematic review registration https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/, identifier CRD42020155802.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Qin
- Emergency Department, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Futao Liu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Yaozhong Zhang
- Emergency Department, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Yuxiang Liang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Yuan Mi
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Fan Yu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Haidi Xu
- Emergency Department, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Kuankuan Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Chenxi Lin
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Lei Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Ziqiang Tian
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
- *Correspondence: Lei Wang,
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24
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Zhang B, Zhao H, Wu X, Gong L, Yang D, Li X, Chen X, Li J, Wang W, Wu J, Xiao Q. Perioperative outcomes of neoadjuvant chemotherapy plus camrelizumab compared with chemotherapy alone and chemoradiotherapy for locally advanced esophageal squamous cell cancer. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1066527. [PMID: 36825006 PMCID: PMC9941171 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1066527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Neoadjuvant chemoimmunotherapy (nCIT) is becoming a new therapeutic frontier for resectable esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC); however, crucial details and technical know-how regarding surgical techniques and the perioperative challenges following nCIT remain poorly understood. The study investigated and compared the advantages and disadvantages of esophagectomy following nCIT with neoadjuvant chemotherapy (nCT) and chemoradiotherapy (nCRT). Methods We retrospectively analyzed data of patients initially diagnosed with resectable ESCC at clinical stage T2-4N+ and received neoadjuvant therapy followed by esophagectomy at the Hunan Cancer Hospital between October 2014 and February 2021. Patients were divided into three groups according to neoadjuvant treatment: (i) nCIT; (ii) nCT; and (iii) nCRT. Results There were 34 patients in the nCIT group, 97 in the nCT group, and 31 in the nCRT group. Compared with nCT, nCIT followed by esophagectomy achieved higher pathological complete response (pCR; 29.0% versus 4.1%, p<0.001) and major pathological response (MPR; 52.9% versus 16.5%, p<0.001) rates, more resected lymph nodes during surgery (25.06 ± 7.62 versus 20.64 ± 9.68, p=0.009), less intraoperative blood loss (200.00 ± 73.86 versus 266.49 ± 176.29 mL, p=0.035), and comparable results in other perioperative parameters. Compared with nCRT, nCIT achieved similar pCR (29.0% versus 25.8%) and MPR (52.9% versus 51.6%, p=0.862) rates, with significantly more lymph nodes resected during surgery (25.06 ± 7.62 versus 16.94 ± 7.24, p<0.001), shorter operation time (267.79 ± 50.67 versus 306.32 ± 79.92 min, p=0.022), less intraoperative blood loss (200.00 ± 73.86 versus 264.53 ± 139.76 mL, p=0.022), and fewer ICU admissions after surgery (29.4% versus 80.6%, p<0.001). Regarding perioperative adverse events and complications, no significant statistical differences were detected between the nCIT and the nCT or nCRT groups. The 3-year overall survival rate after nCIT was 73.3%, slightly higher than 46.1% after nCT and 39.7% after nCRT, with no statistically significant differences (p=0.883). Conclusions This clinical analysis showed that nCIT is safe and feasible, with satisfactory pCR and MPR rates. Esophagectomy following nCIT has several perioperative advantages over nCT and nCRT, with comparable perioperative morbidity and mortality. The long-term survival benefits after nCIT still requires further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baihua Zhang
- The Second Department of Thoracic Surgery, Hunan Clinical Medical Research Center of Accurate Diagnosis and Treatment for Esophageal Carcinoma, Hunan Cancer Hospital and The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Hongbo Zhao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital and Shenzhen Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xun Wu
- The Second Department of Thoracic Surgery, Hunan Clinical Medical Research Center of Accurate Diagnosis and Treatment for Esophageal Carcinoma, Hunan Cancer Hospital and The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Lianghui Gong
- The Second Department of Thoracic Surgery, Hunan Clinical Medical Research Center of Accurate Diagnosis and Treatment for Esophageal Carcinoma, Hunan Cancer Hospital and The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Desong Yang
- The Second Department of Thoracic Surgery, Hunan Clinical Medical Research Center of Accurate Diagnosis and Treatment for Esophageal Carcinoma, Hunan Cancer Hospital and The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xu Li
- The Second Department of Thoracic Surgery, Hunan Clinical Medical Research Center of Accurate Diagnosis and Treatment for Esophageal Carcinoma, Hunan Cancer Hospital and The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xiaoyan Chen
- Department of Pathology, Hunan Cancer Hospital and The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jigang Li
- Department of Pathology, Hunan Cancer Hospital and The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Wenxiang Wang
- The Second Department of Thoracic Surgery, Hunan Clinical Medical Research Center of Accurate Diagnosis and Treatment for Esophageal Carcinoma, Hunan Cancer Hospital and The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jie Wu
- The Second Department of Thoracic Surgery, Hunan Clinical Medical Research Center of Accurate Diagnosis and Treatment for Esophageal Carcinoma, Hunan Cancer Hospital and The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Qin Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Translational Radiation Oncology, Hunan Province, The First Department of Thoracic Radiation Oncology, Hunan Cancer Hospital, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
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