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Kalyakulina A, Yusipov I, Kondakova E, Sivtseva T, Zakharova R, Semenov S, Klimova T, Ammosova E, Trukhanov A, Franceschi C, Ivanchenko M. Inflammaging Markers in the Extremely Cold Climate: A Case Study of Yakutian Population. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:13741. [PMID: 39769502 PMCID: PMC11679676 DOI: 10.3390/ijms252413741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2024] [Revised: 12/13/2024] [Accepted: 12/20/2024] [Indexed: 01/11/2025] Open
Abstract
Yakutia is one of the coldest permanently inhabited regions in the world, characterized by a subarctic climate with average January temperatures near -40 °C and the minimum below -60 °C. Recently, we demonstrated accelerated epigenetic aging of the Yakutian population in comparison to their Central Russian counterparts, residing in a considerably milder climate. In this paper, we analyzed these cohorts from the inflammaging perspective and addressed two hypotheses: a mismatch in the immunological profiles and accelerated inflammatory aging in Yakuts. We found that the levels of 17 cytokines displayed statistically significant differences in the mean values between the groups (with minimal p-value = 2.06 × 10-19), and 6 of them are among 10 SImAge markers. We demonstrated that five out of these six markers (PDGFB, CD40LG, VEGFA, PDGFA, and CXCL10) had higher mean levels in the Yakutian cohort, and therefore, due to their positive chronological age correlation, might indicate a trend toward accelerated inflammatory aging. At the same time, a statistically significant biological age acceleration difference between the two cohorts according to the inflammatory SImAge clock was not detected because they had similar levels of CXCL9, CCL22, and IL6, the top contributing biomarkers to SImAge. We introduced an explainable deep neural network to separate individual inflammatory profiles between the two groups, resulting in over 95% accuracy. The obtained results allow for hypothesizing the specificity of cytokine and chemokine profiles among people living in extremely cold climates, possibly reflecting the effects of long-term human (dis)adaptation to cold conditions related to inflammaging and the risk of developing a number of pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alena Kalyakulina
- Artificial Intelligence Research Center, Institute of Information Technologies, Mathematics and Mechanics, Lobachevsky State University, 603022 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia; (I.Y.); (E.K.); (M.I.)
- Institute of Biogerontology, Lobachevsky State University, 603022 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia;
| | - Igor Yusipov
- Artificial Intelligence Research Center, Institute of Information Technologies, Mathematics and Mechanics, Lobachevsky State University, 603022 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia; (I.Y.); (E.K.); (M.I.)
- Institute of Biogerontology, Lobachevsky State University, 603022 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia;
| | - Elena Kondakova
- Artificial Intelligence Research Center, Institute of Information Technologies, Mathematics and Mechanics, Lobachevsky State University, 603022 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia; (I.Y.); (E.K.); (M.I.)
- Institute of Biogerontology, Lobachevsky State University, 603022 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia;
| | - Tatiana Sivtseva
- Research Center of the Medical Institute, M.K. Ammosov North-Eastern Federal University, 677013 Yakutsk, Russia; (T.S.); (R.Z.); (S.S.); (T.K.); (E.A.)
| | - Raisa Zakharova
- Research Center of the Medical Institute, M.K. Ammosov North-Eastern Federal University, 677013 Yakutsk, Russia; (T.S.); (R.Z.); (S.S.); (T.K.); (E.A.)
| | - Sergey Semenov
- Research Center of the Medical Institute, M.K. Ammosov North-Eastern Federal University, 677013 Yakutsk, Russia; (T.S.); (R.Z.); (S.S.); (T.K.); (E.A.)
| | - Tatiana Klimova
- Research Center of the Medical Institute, M.K. Ammosov North-Eastern Federal University, 677013 Yakutsk, Russia; (T.S.); (R.Z.); (S.S.); (T.K.); (E.A.)
| | - Elena Ammosova
- Research Center of the Medical Institute, M.K. Ammosov North-Eastern Federal University, 677013 Yakutsk, Russia; (T.S.); (R.Z.); (S.S.); (T.K.); (E.A.)
| | - Arseniy Trukhanov
- Mriya Life Institute, National Academy of Active Longevity, 124489 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Claudio Franceschi
- Institute of Biogerontology, Lobachevsky State University, 603022 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia;
| | - Mikhail Ivanchenko
- Artificial Intelligence Research Center, Institute of Information Technologies, Mathematics and Mechanics, Lobachevsky State University, 603022 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia; (I.Y.); (E.K.); (M.I.)
- Institute of Biogerontology, Lobachevsky State University, 603022 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia;
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Min M, Egli C, Dulai AS, Sivamani RK. Critical review of aging clocks and factors that may influence the pace of aging. FRONTIERS IN AGING 2024; 5:1487260. [PMID: 39735686 PMCID: PMC11671503 DOI: 10.3389/fragi.2024.1487260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2024] [Accepted: 11/29/2024] [Indexed: 12/31/2024]
Abstract
Background and objectives Aging clocks are computational models designed to measure biological age and aging rate based on age-related markers including epigenetic, proteomic, and immunomic changes, gut and skin microbiota, among others. In this narrative review, we aim to discuss the currently available aging clocks, ranging from epigenetic aging clocks to visual skin aging clocks. Methods We performed a literature search on PubMed/MEDLINE databases with keywords including: "aging clock," "aging," "biological age," "chronological age," "epigenetic," "proteomic," "microbiome," "telomere," "metabolic," "inflammation," "glycomic," "lifestyle," "nutrition," "diet," "exercise," "psychosocial," and "technology." Results Notably, several CpG regions, plasma proteins, inflammatory and immune biomarkers, microbiome shifts, neuroimaging changes, and visual skin aging parameters demonstrated roles in aging and aging clock predictions. Further analysis on the most predictive CpGs and biomarkers is warranted. Limitations of aging clocks include technical noise which may be corrected with additional statistical techniques, and the diversity and applicability of samples utilized. Conclusion Aging clocks have significant therapeutic potential to better understand aging and the influence of chronic inflammation and diseases in an expanding older population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mildred Min
- Integrative Research Institute, Sacramento, CA, United States
- Integrative Skin Science and Research, Sacramento, CA, United States
- College of Medicine, California Northstate University, Elk Grove, CA, United States
| | - Caitlin Egli
- Integrative Research Institute, Sacramento, CA, United States
- Integrative Skin Science and Research, Sacramento, CA, United States
- College of Medicine, University of St. George’s, University Centre, West Indies, Grenada
| | - Ajay S. Dulai
- Integrative Research Institute, Sacramento, CA, United States
- Integrative Skin Science and Research, Sacramento, CA, United States
| | - Raja K. Sivamani
- Integrative Research Institute, Sacramento, CA, United States
- Integrative Skin Science and Research, Sacramento, CA, United States
- College of Medicine, California Northstate University, Elk Grove, CA, United States
- Pacific Skin Institute, Sacramento, CA, United States
- Department of Dermatology, University of California-Davis, Sacramento, CA, United States
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Kliuchnikova AA, Ilgisonis EV, Archakov AI, Ponomarenko EA, Moskalev AA. Proteomic Markers of Aging and Longevity: A Systematic Review. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:12634. [PMID: 39684346 DOI: 10.3390/ijms252312634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2024] [Revised: 11/21/2024] [Accepted: 11/23/2024] [Indexed: 12/18/2024] Open
Abstract
This article provides a systematic review of research conducted on the proteomic composition of blood as part of a complex biological age estimation. We performed a comprehensive analysis of 17 publicly available datasets and compiled an integral list of proteins. These proteins were sorted based on their detection probability using mass spectrometry in human plasma. We propose this list as a basis for creating a panel of peptides and quantifying the content of selected proteins in the format of a proteomic aging clock. The selected proteins are especially notable for their roles in inflammatory processes and lipid metabolism. Our findings suggest, for the first time, that proteins associated with systemic disorders, including those approved by the FDA for clinical use, could serve as potential markers of aging.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Alexey A Moskalev
- Institute of Longevity, Petrovsky Russian Research Center for Surgery, Moscow 119435, Russia
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Saarela M, Podgorelec V. Recent Applications of Explainable AI (XAI): A Systematic Literature Review. APPLIED SCIENCES 2024; 14:8884. [DOI: 10.3390/app14198884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2025]
Abstract
This systematic literature review employs the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) methodology to investigate recent applications of explainable AI (XAI) over the past three years. From an initial pool of 664 articles identified through the Web of Science database, 512 peer-reviewed journal articles met the inclusion criteria—namely, being recent, high-quality XAI application articles published in English—and were analyzed in detail. Both qualitative and quantitative statistical techniques were used to analyze the identified articles: qualitatively by summarizing the characteristics of the included studies based on predefined codes, and quantitatively through statistical analysis of the data. These articles were categorized according to their application domains, techniques, and evaluation methods. Health-related applications were particularly prevalent, with a strong focus on cancer diagnosis, COVID-19 management, and medical imaging. Other significant areas of application included environmental and agricultural management, industrial optimization, cybersecurity, finance, transportation, and entertainment. Additionally, emerging applications in law, education, and social care highlight XAI’s expanding impact. The review reveals a predominant use of local explanation methods, particularly SHAP and LIME, with SHAP being favored for its stability and mathematical guarantees. However, a critical gap in the evaluation of XAI results is identified, as most studies rely on anecdotal evidence or expert opinion rather than robust quantitative metrics. This underscores the urgent need for standardized evaluation frameworks to ensure the reliability and effectiveness of XAI applications. Future research should focus on developing comprehensive evaluation standards and improving the interpretability and stability of explanations. These advancements are essential for addressing the diverse demands of various application domains while ensuring trust and transparency in AI systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirka Saarela
- Faculty of Information Technology, University of Jyväskylä, P.O. Box 35, FI-40014 Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Vili Podgorelec
- Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Maribor, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia
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Abbatecola AM, Giuliani A, Biscetti L, Scisciola L, Battista P, Barbieri M, Sabbatinelli J, Olivieri F. Circulating biomarkers of inflammaging and Alzheimer's disease to track age-related trajectories of dementia: Can we develop a clinically relevant composite combination? Ageing Res Rev 2024; 96:102257. [PMID: 38437884 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2024.102257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Revised: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a rapidly growing global concern due to a consistent rise of the prevalence of dementia which is mainly caused by the aging population worldwide. An early diagnosis of AD remains important as interventions are plausibly more effective when started at the earliest stages. Recent developments in clinical research have focused on the use of blood-based biomarkers for improve diagnosis/prognosis of neurodegenerative diseases, particularly AD. Unlike invasive cerebrospinal fluid tests, circulating biomarkers are less invasive and will become increasingly cheaper and simple to use in larger number of patients with mild symptoms or at risk of dementia. In addition to AD-specific markers, there is growing interest in biomarkers of inflammaging/neuro-inflammaging, an age-related chronic low-grade inflammatory condition increasingly recognized as one of the main risk factor for almost all age-related diseases, including AD. Several inflammatory markers have been associated with cognitive performance and AD development and progression. The presence of senescent cells, a key driver of inflammaging, has also been linked to AD pathogenesis, and senolytic therapy is emerging as a potential treatment strategy. Here, we describe blood-based biomarkers clinically relevant for AD diagnosis/prognosis and biomarkers of inflammaging associated with AD. Through a systematic review approach, we propose that a combination of circulating neurodegeneration and inflammatory biomarkers may contribute to improving early diagnosis and prognosis, as well as providing valuable insights into the trajectory of cognitive decline and dementia in the aging population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela Marie Abbatecola
- Alzheimer's Disease Day Clinic, Azienda Sanitaria Locale, Frosinone, Italy; Univesità degli Studi di Cassino e del Lazio Meridionale, Dipartimento di Scienze Umane, Sociali e della Salute, Cassino, Italy
| | - Angelica Giuliani
- Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri IRCCS, Cardiac Rehabilitation Unit of Bari Institute, Italy.
| | | | - Lucia Scisciola
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Petronilla Battista
- Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri IRCCS, Laboratory of Neuropsychology, Bari Institute, Italy
| | - Michelangela Barbieri
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Jacopo Sabbatinelli
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, DISCLIMO, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy; Clinic of Laboratory and Precision Medicine, IRCCS INRCA, Ancona, Italy
| | - Fabiola Olivieri
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, DISCLIMO, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy; Clinic of Laboratory and Precision Medicine, IRCCS INRCA, Ancona, Italy
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Kalyakulina A, Yusipov I, Moskalev A, Franceschi C, Ivanchenko M. eXplainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) in aging clock models. Ageing Res Rev 2024; 93:102144. [PMID: 38030090 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2023.102144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Revised: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
XAI is a rapidly progressing field of machine learning, aiming to unravel the predictions of complex models. XAI is especially required in sensitive applications, e.g. in health care, when diagnosis, recommendations and treatment choices might rely on the decisions made by artificial intelligence systems. AI approaches have become widely used in aging research as well, in particular, in developing biological clock models and identifying biomarkers of aging and age-related diseases. However, the potential of XAI here awaits to be fully appreciated. We discuss the application of XAI for developing the "aging clocks" and present a comprehensive analysis of the literature categorized by the focus on particular physiological systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alena Kalyakulina
- Institute of Biogerontology, Lobachevsky State University, Nizhny Novgorod 603022, Russia; Research Center for Trusted Artificial Intelligence, The Ivannikov Institute for System Programming of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 109004, Russia; Department of Applied Mathematics, Institute of Information Technologies, Mathematics and Mechanics, Lobachevsky State University, Nizhny Novgorod 603022, Russia.
| | - Igor Yusipov
- Institute of Biogerontology, Lobachevsky State University, Nizhny Novgorod 603022, Russia; Research Center for Trusted Artificial Intelligence, The Ivannikov Institute for System Programming of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 109004, Russia; Department of Applied Mathematics, Institute of Information Technologies, Mathematics and Mechanics, Lobachevsky State University, Nizhny Novgorod 603022, Russia
| | - Alexey Moskalev
- Institute of Biogerontology, Lobachevsky State University, Nizhny Novgorod 603022, Russia
| | - Claudio Franceschi
- Institute of Biogerontology, Lobachevsky State University, Nizhny Novgorod 603022, Russia
| | - Mikhail Ivanchenko
- Institute of Biogerontology, Lobachevsky State University, Nizhny Novgorod 603022, Russia; Department of Applied Mathematics, Institute of Information Technologies, Mathematics and Mechanics, Lobachevsky State University, Nizhny Novgorod 603022, Russia
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