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Yi L, Ren Z, Feng Y, Zhang Y, Liu J, Yuan X, Kuang Q, Deng H, Yang B, Yu D. Chronic Heat Stress Can Induce Conjugation of a Novel ermB-Containing ICE FZMF, Increasing Resistance to Erythromycin Among Enterococcus Strains in Diverse Intestinal Segments in the Mouse Model. Antibiotics (Basel) 2025; 14:460. [PMID: 40426528 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics14050460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2025] [Revised: 04/15/2025] [Accepted: 04/28/2025] [Indexed: 05/29/2025] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The impact of heat stress on intestinal bacterial antimicrobial resistance (AMR) and its underlying mechanisms is not fully understood. This study aims to explore how heat stress influences AMR in the gut and the mechanisms involved. METHODS A Specific-Pathogen-Free (SPF) mouse model was used, divided into a control group (maintained at 25 °C) and a heat stress group (exposed to 42 °C for 30 min twice daily for 55 days). The effectiveness of the model was verified by RT-qPCR and histopathological analysis. Antibiotic susceptibility testing and clonal analysis (ERIC-PCR) were performed. Colonization assays were conducted to determine the accumulation of resistant strains in the gut. Metagenomic sequencing was conducted to investigated microbial composition. RESULTS RT-qPCR and Histopathological analysis revealed intestinal damage and significant upregulation of genes related to stress response, intestinal barrier integrity and inflammation, indicating successful model establishment and physiological alterations. Antibiotic susceptibility testing revealed increased resistance to erythromycin, chloramphenicol, and tetracycline among Enterococcus strains. Clonal analysis demonstrated that these resistant strains were clonally unrelated. Sequencing identified a novel ermB-carrying integrative and conjugative element (ICEFZMF) among four erythromycin-resistant strains. The rectum harbored a higher proportion of erythromycin-resistant Enterococcus strains with elevated minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) after 25 days of heat stress exposure. Colonization assays confirmed that heat stress led to the accumulation of erythromycin-resistant Enterococcus in the rectum. Metagenomic sequencing revealed significant changes in microbial composition, favoring anaerobic metabolism. CONCLUSIONS This study suggests that chronic heat stress can promote the emergence of antibiotic-resistant strains through ICE transfer, providing insight for environmental safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingxian Yi
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine and Animal Health, College of Animal Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Zining Ren
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine and Animal Health, College of Animal Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Yu Feng
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine and Animal Health, College of Animal Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Yechun Zhang
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine and Animal Health, College of Animal Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Jianshuo Liu
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine and Animal Health, College of Animal Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Xiaowu Yuan
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine and Animal Health, College of Animal Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Qihong Kuang
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine and Animal Health, College of Animal Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Hui Deng
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine and Animal Health, College of Animal Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Bo Yang
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine and Animal Health, College of Animal Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Daojin Yu
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine and Animal Health, College of Animal Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
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Wang L, Qiu J, He B, Wu X, Chen Q, Wang Q, Wu R, Zheng B, Zhou L, Huang X. Isolation, Identification, and Molecular Genetic Characteristics of a Pathogenic Strain of Streptococcus suis Serotype 3. Pathogens 2025; 14:192. [PMID: 40005567 PMCID: PMC11858596 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens14020192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2025] [Revised: 02/12/2025] [Accepted: 02/12/2025] [Indexed: 02/27/2025] Open
Abstract
Streptococcus suis (S. suis) is considered as one of the most crucial bacterial pathogens that leads to serious economic losses to the swine industry. Different S. suis serotypes exhibit diverse characteristics in population structure and pathogenicity. Epidemiology data underscore the importance of S. suis serotype 3 (SS3). However, except for a few epidemiological information, limited study information is available on this serotype. Herein, a pathogenic SS3 (the S. suis strain YA) was isolated from infected piglets in clinical practice, and then whole genome sequencing and analysis, hemolytic activity, antimicrobial susceptibility, pathogenicity to mice and piglets were conducted. The results of the whole genome sequencing of the S. suis strain YA showed that the complete genome was 2,167,682 bp in length with a G + C content of 41.2% and exhibited a unique sequence type (ST1801). The result of phylogenetic tree showed that it was most closely related to strain DNC15 and 6407 (ST54) from Denmark. The tet(W) and erm(B) resistant genes were identified in the S. suis strain YA by inserting into rum locus, in accordance with the result of resistance to tetracyclines and macrolide-lincosamide-streptogramin antibiotics. Twenty-seven key virulence factors were detected in the S. suis strain YA, including sly, ef and mrp, which contribute to pathogenicity in mice and piglets, causing bleeding and congestion in multiple tissue organs especially in the brains. And the LD50 value for mice was 1.54 × 107 CFU. Therefore, our research emphasizes the importance of understanding SS3, and provides valuable information for the scientific prevention and control of S. suis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Longbai Wang
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine and Animal Health, College of Animal Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; (L.W.); (Q.W.); (B.Z.)
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou 350013, China; (J.Q.); (B.H.); (X.W.); (Q.C.); (R.W.)
- University Key Laboratory for Integrated Chinese Traditional and Western Veterinary Medicine and Animal Healthcare in Fujian Province, College of Animal Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Jingli Qiu
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou 350013, China; (J.Q.); (B.H.); (X.W.); (Q.C.); (R.W.)
| | - Bing He
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou 350013, China; (J.Q.); (B.H.); (X.W.); (Q.C.); (R.W.)
| | - Xuemin Wu
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou 350013, China; (J.Q.); (B.H.); (X.W.); (Q.C.); (R.W.)
| | - Qiuyong Chen
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou 350013, China; (J.Q.); (B.H.); (X.W.); (Q.C.); (R.W.)
| | - Quanxi Wang
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine and Animal Health, College of Animal Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; (L.W.); (Q.W.); (B.Z.)
- University Key Laboratory for Integrated Chinese Traditional and Western Veterinary Medicine and Animal Healthcare in Fujian Province, College of Animal Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Renjie Wu
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou 350013, China; (J.Q.); (B.H.); (X.W.); (Q.C.); (R.W.)
| | - Bohan Zheng
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine and Animal Health, College of Animal Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; (L.W.); (Q.W.); (B.Z.)
- University Key Laboratory for Integrated Chinese Traditional and Western Veterinary Medicine and Animal Healthcare in Fujian Province, College of Animal Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Lunjiang Zhou
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou 350013, China; (J.Q.); (B.H.); (X.W.); (Q.C.); (R.W.)
| | - Xiaohong Huang
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine and Animal Health, College of Animal Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; (L.W.); (Q.W.); (B.Z.)
- University Key Laboratory for Integrated Chinese Traditional and Western Veterinary Medicine and Animal Healthcare in Fujian Province, College of Animal Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
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Starikova EV, Galeeva YS, Fedorov DE, Korneenko EV, Speranskaya AS, Selezneva OV, Zoruk PY, Klimina KM, Veselovsky VA, Morozov MD, Boldyreva DI, Olekhnovich EI, Manolov AI, Pavlenko AV, Kozlov IE, Yanushevich OO, Krikheli NI, Levchenko OV, Andreev DN, Sokolov FS, Fomenko AK, Devkota MK, Andreev NG, Zaborovsky AV, Tsaregorodtsev SV, Evdokimov VV, Bely PA, Maev IV, Govorun VM, Ilina EN. Oropharyngeal resistome remains stable during COVID-19 therapy, while fecal resistome shifts toward a less diverse resistotype. iScience 2024; 27:111319. [PMID: 39640576 PMCID: PMC11617248 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.111319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2024] [Revised: 08/22/2024] [Accepted: 10/30/2024] [Indexed: 12/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance poses a serious threat to global public health. The COVID-19 pandemic underscored the need to monitor the dissemination of antimicrobial resistance genes and understand the mechanisms driving this process. In this study, we analyzed changes to the oropharyngeal and fecal resistomes of patients with COVID-19 undergoing therapy in a hospital setting. A targeted sequencing panel of 4,937 resistance genes was used to comprehensively characterize resistomes. Our results demonstrated that the oropharyngeal resistome is homogeneous, showing low variability over time. In contrast, fecal samples clustered into two distinct resistotypes that were only partially related to enterotypes. Approximately half of the patients changed their resistotype within a week of therapy, with the majority transitioning to a less diverse and ermB-dominated resistotype 2. Common macrolide resistance genes were identified in over 80% of both oropharyngeal and fecal samples, likely originating from streptococci. Our findings suggest that the fecal resistome is a dynamic system that can exist in certain "states" and is capable of transitioning from one state to another. To date, this is the first study to comprehensively describe the oropharyngeal resistome and its variability over time, and one of the first studies to demonstrate the temporal dynamics of the fecal resistotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yulia S. Galeeva
- Research Institute for Systems Biology and Medicine, Moscow 117246, Russian Federation
| | - Dmitry E. Fedorov
- Research Institute for Systems Biology and Medicine, Moscow 117246, Russian Federation
| | - Elena V. Korneenko
- Research Institute for Systems Biology and Medicine, Moscow 117246, Russian Federation
| | - Anna S. Speranskaya
- Research Institute for Systems Biology and Medicine, Moscow 117246, Russian Federation
| | - Oksana V. Selezneva
- Lopukhin Federal Research and Clinical Center of Physical-Chemical Medicine of Federal Medical Biological Agency, Moscow 119435, Russian Federation
| | - Polina Y. Zoruk
- Lopukhin Federal Research and Clinical Center of Physical-Chemical Medicine of Federal Medical Biological Agency, Moscow 119435, Russian Federation
| | - Ksenia M. Klimina
- Lopukhin Federal Research and Clinical Center of Physical-Chemical Medicine of Federal Medical Biological Agency, Moscow 119435, Russian Federation
| | - Vladimir A. Veselovsky
- Lopukhin Federal Research and Clinical Center of Physical-Chemical Medicine of Federal Medical Biological Agency, Moscow 119435, Russian Federation
| | - Maxim D. Morozov
- Lopukhin Federal Research and Clinical Center of Physical-Chemical Medicine of Federal Medical Biological Agency, Moscow 119435, Russian Federation
| | - Daria I. Boldyreva
- Lopukhin Federal Research and Clinical Center of Physical-Chemical Medicine of Federal Medical Biological Agency, Moscow 119435, Russian Federation
| | - Evgenii I. Olekhnovich
- Lopukhin Federal Research and Clinical Center of Physical-Chemical Medicine of Federal Medical Biological Agency, Moscow 119435, Russian Federation
| | - Alexander I. Manolov
- Research Institute for Systems Biology and Medicine, Moscow 117246, Russian Federation
| | - Alexander V. Pavlenko
- Research Institute for Systems Biology and Medicine, Moscow 117246, Russian Federation
| | - Ivan E. Kozlov
- Research Institute for Systems Biology and Medicine, Moscow 117246, Russian Federation
| | - Oleg O. Yanushevich
- Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry, Moscow 127473, Russian Federation
| | - Natella I. Krikheli
- Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry, Moscow 127473, Russian Federation
| | - Oleg V. Levchenko
- Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry, Moscow 127473, Russian Federation
| | - Dmitry N. Andreev
- Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry, Moscow 127473, Russian Federation
| | - Filipp S. Sokolov
- Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry, Moscow 127473, Russian Federation
| | - Aleksey K. Fomenko
- Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry, Moscow 127473, Russian Federation
| | - Mikhail K. Devkota
- Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry, Moscow 127473, Russian Federation
| | - Nikolai G. Andreev
- Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry, Moscow 127473, Russian Federation
| | - Andrey V. Zaborovsky
- Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry, Moscow 127473, Russian Federation
| | | | - Vladimir V. Evdokimov
- Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry, Moscow 127473, Russian Federation
| | - Petr A. Bely
- Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry, Moscow 127473, Russian Federation
| | - Igor V. Maev
- Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry, Moscow 127473, Russian Federation
| | - Vadim M. Govorun
- Research Institute for Systems Biology and Medicine, Moscow 117246, Russian Federation
| | - Elena N. Ilina
- Research Institute for Systems Biology and Medicine, Moscow 117246, Russian Federation
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Yang Q, Li L, Zhao G, Cui Q, Gong X, Ying L, Yang T, Fu M, Shen Z. Characterization of a multiresistance optrA- and lsa(E)-harbouring unconventional circularizable structure in Streptococcus suis. J Antimicrob Chemother 2024; 79:2528-2533. [PMID: 39086116 DOI: 10.1093/jac/dkae250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 06/28/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To identify novel genetic elements facilitating the horizontal transfer of the oxazolidinone/phenicol resistance gene optrA and the pleuromutilin-lincosamide-streptogramin A resistance gene lsa(E) in Streptococcus suis. METHODS The complete genomes of S. suis HB18 and two transconjugants were obtained using both the Illumina and Nanopore platforms. MICs were determined by broth microdilution. Inverse PCR was performed to identify circular forms of the novel unconventional circularizable structure (UCS), genomic island (GI) and integrative and conjugative element (ICE). Conjugation experiments assessed the transferability of optrA and lsa(E) genes in S. suis. RESULTS S. suis HB18 carried a multiresistance gene cluster optrA-lsa(E)-lnu(B)-aphA-aadE-spw. This gene cluster, flanked by intact and truncated erm(B) in the same orientation, resided on a novel ICESsuHB18. Inverse PCR revealed the existence of a novel UCS, named UCS-optrA + lsa(E), which could excise the gene cluster optrA-lsa(E)-lnu(B)-aphA-aadE-spw and one copy of erm(B) from ICESsuHB18. Two transconjugants with different characteristics were obtained. In transconjugant T-JH-GI, UCS-optrA + lsa(E) excised from ICESsuHB18 inserted into the erm(B)-positive GI, designated GISsuHB18, generating the novel GISsuHB18-1. Meanwhile, in T-JH-ICE, genetic rearrangement events occurred in ICESsuHB18 and GISsuHB18, forming the novel ICESsuHB18-1. CONCLUSIONS This is the first report demonstrating the functionally active UCS-optrA + lsa(E) excising from ICESsuHB18 and inserting into the erm(B)-positive GISsuHB18 during the conjugation process. The location of optrA and lsa(E) on a multiresistance UCS enhances its persistence and dissemination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Yang
- National Key Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health and Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Detection Technology for Animal-Derived Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Luxin Li
- National Key Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health and Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Detection Technology for Animal-Derived Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Guanzheng Zhao
- National Key Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health and Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Detection Technology for Animal-Derived Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Qingpo Cui
- National Key Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health and Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Detection Technology for Animal-Derived Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Xiaowei Gong
- National Key Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health and Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Detection Technology for Animal-Derived Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Luyu Ying
- National Key Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health and Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Detection Technology for Animal-Derived Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Tingting Yang
- National Key Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health and Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Detection Technology for Animal-Derived Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Mengjiao Fu
- National Key Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health and Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Detection Technology for Animal-Derived Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Zhangqi Shen
- National Key Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health and Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Detection Technology for Animal-Derived Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
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Yang Y, Xie S, He F, Xu Y, Wang Z, Ihsan A, Wang X. Recent development and fighting strategies for lincosamide antibiotic resistance. Clin Microbiol Rev 2024; 37:e0016123. [PMID: 38634634 PMCID: PMC11237733 DOI: 10.1128/cmr.00161-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
SUMMARYLincosamides constitute an important class of antibiotics used against a wide range of pathogens, including methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. However, due to the misuse of lincosamide and co-selection pressure, the resistance to lincosamide has become a serious concern. It is urgently needed to carefully understand the phenomenon and mechanism of lincosamide resistance to effectively prevent and control lincosamide resistance. To date, six mobile lincosamide resistance classes, including lnu, cfr, erm, vga, lsa, and sal, have been identified. These lincosamide resistance genes are frequently found on mobile genetic elements (MGEs), such as plasmids, transposons, integrative and conjugative elements, genomic islands, and prophages. Additionally, MGEs harbor the genes that confer resistance not only to antimicrobial agents of other classes but also to metals and biocides. The ultimate purpose of discovering and summarizing bacterial resistance is to prevent, control, and combat resistance effectively. This review highlights four promising strategies, including chemical modification of antibiotics, the development of antimicrobial peptides, the initiation of bacterial self-destruct program, and antimicrobial stewardship, to fight against resistance and safeguard global health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingying Yang
- National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues (HZAU), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- MAO Key Laboratory for Detection of Veterinary Drug Residues, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Shiyu Xie
- MOA Laboratory for Risk Assessment of Quality and Safety of Livestock and Poultry Products, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Fangjing He
- MOA Laboratory for Risk Assessment of Quality and Safety of Livestock and Poultry Products, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Yindi Xu
- Institute of Animal Husbandry Research, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Zhifang Wang
- Institute of Animal Husbandry Research, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Awais Ihsan
- Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Sahiwal campus, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Xu Wang
- National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues (HZAU), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- MAO Key Laboratory for Detection of Veterinary Drug Residues, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- MOA Laboratory for Risk Assessment of Quality and Safety of Livestock and Poultry Products, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
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Yi S, Zhou K, Xu X. Characterization of erm(B)-Carrying Integrative and Conjugative Elements Transferred from Streptococcus anginosus to Other Streptococci and Enterococci. Microb Drug Resist 2024; 30:243-253. [PMID: 38608246 DOI: 10.1089/mdr.2023.0342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Integrative and conjugative elements (ICEs) are important vectors of lateral gene transfer and contribute to the evolution of bacterial pathogens. However, studies on the transfer among species and the physiological consequences of ICEs are rare. The objective of this study was to investigate the cross-species transferability of newly identified erm(B)-carried ICE in Streptococcus anginosus San95 and its physiological consequences after transfer. The erm(B)-carried ICE, characterized by a triple serine integrase module, integrated into hsdM genes, thus designated ICESan95_hsdM. Analysis of ICESan95_hsdM revealed 32 additional ICESan95-like ICEs in the available NCBI genome (n = 24) and sequence of clinical isolates (n = 8). Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to evaluate the 467 clinical isolates, of which 84 were positive for core genes (integrase, relaxase, and T4SS genes) of ICESan95_hsdM. Cross-species transfer experiments demonstrated that ICESan95_hsdM could transfer from S. anginosus to different streptococcal and enterococcal recipients. Growth and competitive culture assays showed acquisition of ICESan95_hsdM incurred no fitness cost. Our work discovered a group of ICEs in Streptococci and Enterococci. For the first time, we demonstrated the broad cross-species transferability to different species or genera of ICEs with no fitness cost that enables commensal S. anginosus to deliver antimicrobial resistance genes to other streptococci and enterococci.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sida Yi
- Institute of Antibiotics, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacology of Antibiotics, National Heath Commission of the People's Republic of China, Shanghai, China
| | - Kaixin Zhou
- Institute of Antibiotics, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacology of Antibiotics, National Heath Commission of the People's Republic of China, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaogang Xu
- Institute of Antibiotics, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacology of Antibiotics, National Heath Commission of the People's Republic of China, Shanghai, China
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Dec M, Zomer A, Webster J, Nowak T, Stępień-Pyśniak D, Urban-Chmiel R. Integrative and Conjugative Elements and Prophage DNA as Carriers of Resistance Genes in Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae Strains from Domestic Geese in Poland. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4638. [PMID: 38731857 PMCID: PMC11083093 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25094638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2024] [Revised: 04/21/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Goose erysipelas is a serious problem in waterfowl breeding in Poland. However, knowledge of the characteristics of Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae strains causing this disease is limited. In this study, the antimicrobial susceptibility and serotypes of four E. rhusiopathiae strains from domestic geese were determined, and their whole-genome sequences (WGSs) were analyzed to detect resistance genes, integrative and conjugative elements (ICEs), and prophage DNA. Sequence type and the presence of resistance genes and transposons were compared with 363 publicly available E. rhusiopathiae strains, as well as 13 strains of other Erysipelothrix species. Four strains tested represented serotypes 2 and 5 and the MLST groups ST 4, 32, 242, and 243. Their assembled circular genomes ranged from 1.8 to 1.9 kb with a GC content of 36-37%; a small plasmid was detected in strain 1023. Strains 1023 and 267 were multidrug-resistant. The resistance genes detected in the genome of strain 1023 were erm47, tetM, and lsaE-lnuB-ant(6)-Ia-spw cluster, while strain 267 contained the tetM and ermB genes. Mutations in the gyrA gene were detected in both strains. The tetM gene was embedded in a Tn916-like transposon, which in strain 1023, together with the other resistance genes, was located on a large integrative and conjugative-like element of 130 kb designated as ICEEr1023. A minor integrative element of 74 kb was identified in strain 1012 (ICEEr1012). This work contributes to knowledge about the characteristics of E. rhusiopathiae bacteria and, for the first time, reveals the occurrence of erm47 and ermB resistance genes in strains of this species. Phage infection appears to be responsible for the introduction of the ermB gene into the genome of strain 267, while ICEs most likely play a key role in the spread of the other resistance genes identified in E. rhusiopathiae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Dec
- Department of Veterinary Prevention and Avian Diseases, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, 20-033 Lublin, Poland; (D.S.-P.); (R.U.-C.)
| | - Aldert Zomer
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinaty Medicine, Utrecht University, 3584 CL Utrecht, The Netherlands;
- WOAH Reference Laboratory for Campylobacteriosis, WHO Collaborating Centre for Reference and Research on Campylobacter and Antimicrobial Resistance from a One Health Perspective, 3584 CL Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - John Webster
- NSW Department of Primary Industries, Elizabeth Macarthur Agricultural Institute, PMB 4008, Narellan, NSW 2570, Australia;
| | - Tomasz Nowak
- Diagnostic Veterinary Laboratory “Vet-Lab Brudzew Dr. Piotr Kwieciński”, 62-720 Brudzew, Poland;
| | - Dagmara Stępień-Pyśniak
- Department of Veterinary Prevention and Avian Diseases, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, 20-033 Lublin, Poland; (D.S.-P.); (R.U.-C.)
| | - Renata Urban-Chmiel
- Department of Veterinary Prevention and Avian Diseases, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, 20-033 Lublin, Poland; (D.S.-P.); (R.U.-C.)
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Uruén C, Gimeno J, Sanz M, Fraile L, Marín CM, Arenas J. Invasive Streptococcus suis isolated in Spain contain a highly promiscuous and dynamic resistome. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2024; 13:1329632. [PMID: 38317790 PMCID: PMC10839070 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1329632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 02/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Streptococcus suis is a major pathogen for swine and human. Here we aimed to know the rates of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in invasive S. suis isolates recovered along Spain between 2016 - 2021 and elucidate their genetic origin. Methods Antibiotic susceptibility testing was performed for 116 isolates of different genetic backgrounds and geographic origins against 18 antibiotics of 9 families. The association between AMR and genotypes and the origin of the isolates were statistically analyzed using Pearson´s chi-square test and the likelihood ratio. The antimicrobial resistant genes were identified by whole genome sequencing analysis and PCR screenings. Results High AMR rates (>80%) were detected for tetracyclines, spectinomycin, lincosamides, and marbofloxacin, medium (20-40%) for sulphonamides/trimethoprim, tiamulin, penicillin G, and enrofloxacin, and low (< 20%) for florfenicol, and four additional β-lactams. The occurrence of multidrug resistance was observed in 90% of isolates. For certain antibiotics (penicillin G, enrofloxacin, marbofloxacin, tilmicosin, and erythromycin), AMR was significantly associated with particular sequence types (STs), geographic regions, age of pigs, and time course. Whole genome sequencing comparisons and PCR screenings identified 23 AMR genes, of which 19 were previously reported in S. suis (aph(3')-IIIa, sat4, aadE, spw, aac(6')-Ie-aph(2'')-Ia, fexA, optrA, erm(B), mef(A/E), mrs(D), mph(C), lnu(B), lsa(E), vga(F), tet(M), tet(O), tet(O/W/32/O), tet(W)), and 4 were novel (aph(2'')-IIIa, apmA, erm(47), tet(T)). These AMR genes explained the AMR to spectinomycin, macrolides, lincosamides, tiamulin, and tetracyclines. Several genes were located on mobile genetic elements which showed a variable organization and composition. As AMR gene homologs were identified in many human and animal pathogens, the resistome of S. suis has a different phylogenetic origin. Moreover, AMR to penicillin G, fluoroquinolones, and trimethoprim related to mutations in genes coding for target enzymes (pbp1a, pbp2b, pbp2x, mraY, gyrA, parC, and dhfr). Bioinformatic analysis estimated traits of recombination on target genes, also indicative of gene transfer events. Conclusions Our work evidences that S. suis is a major contributor to AMR dissemination across veterinary and human pathogens. Therefore, control of AMR in S. suis should be considered from a One Health approach in regions with high pig production to properly tackle the issue of antimicrobial drug resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Uruén
- Unit of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
- Institute Agrofood of Aragón-IA2, University of Zaragoza-CITA, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Jorge Gimeno
- Unit of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
- Institute Agrofood of Aragón-IA2, University of Zaragoza-CITA, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Marina Sanz
- Unit of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
- Institute Agrofood of Aragón-IA2, University of Zaragoza-CITA, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Lorenzo Fraile
- Department of Animal Science, ETSEA, University of Lleida-Agrotecno, Lleida, Spain
| | - Clara M. Marín
- Institute Agrofood of Aragón-IA2, University of Zaragoza-CITA, Zaragoza, Spain
- Department of Animal Production and Health, CITA, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Jesús Arenas
- Unit of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
- Institute Agrofood of Aragón-IA2, University of Zaragoza-CITA, Zaragoza, Spain
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Huang J, Dai X, Wu Z, Hu X, Sun J, Tang Y, Zhang W, Han P, Zhao J, Liu G, Wang X, Mao S, Wang Y, Call DR, Liu J, Wang L. Conjugative transfer of streptococcal prophages harboring antibiotic resistance and virulence genes. THE ISME JOURNAL 2023; 17:1467-1481. [PMID: 37369704 PMCID: PMC10432423 DOI: 10.1038/s41396-023-01463-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2023] [Revised: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
Prophages play important roles in the transduction of various functional traits, including virulence factors, but remain debatable in harboring and transmitting antimicrobial resistance genes (ARGs). Herein we characterize a prevalent family of prophages in Streptococcus, designated SMphages, which harbor twenty-five ARGs that collectively confer resistance to ten antimicrobial classes, including vanG-type vancomycin resistance locus and oxazolidinone resistance gene optrA. SMphages integrate into four chromosome attachment sites by utilizing three types of integration modules and undergo excision in response to phage induction. Moreover, we characterize four subtypes of Alp-related surface proteins within SMphages, the lethal effects of which are extensively validated in cell and animal models. SMphages transfer via high-frequency conjugation that is facilitated by integrative and conjugative elements from either donors or recipients. Our findings explain the widespread of SMphages and the rapid dissemination of ARGs observed in members of the Streptococcus genus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinhu Huang
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Xingyang Dai
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Zuowei Wu
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Preventive Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, 50011, USA
| | - Xiao Hu
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Preventive Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, 50011, USA
| | - Junjie Sun
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Yijun Tang
- Ruminant Nutrition and Feed Engineering Technology Research Center, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
- Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Microbiology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Nutrition and Animal Health, National Center for International Research on Animal Gut Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Wanqiu Zhang
- Ruminant Nutrition and Feed Engineering Technology Research Center, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
- Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Microbiology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Nutrition and Animal Health, National Center for International Research on Animal Gut Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Peizhao Han
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Jiaqi Zhao
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Guangjin Liu
- Key Lab of Animal Bacteriology, Ministry of Agriculture, OIE Reference Lab for Swine Streptococcosis, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Xiaoming Wang
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Shengyong Mao
- Ruminant Nutrition and Feed Engineering Technology Research Center, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
- Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Microbiology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Nutrition and Animal Health, National Center for International Research on Animal Gut Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Yang Wang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Douglas R Call
- Paul G. Allen School for Global Health, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, 99164, USA
| | - Jinxin Liu
- Ruminant Nutrition and Feed Engineering Technology Research Center, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China.
- Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Microbiology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Nutrition and Animal Health, National Center for International Research on Animal Gut Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China.
| | - Liping Wang
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China.
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Hatrongjit R, Boueroy P, Jenjaroenpun P, Wongsurawat T, Meekhanon N, Chopjitt P, Zheng H, Fittipaldi N, Chareonsudjai S, Segura M, Gottschalk M, Kerdsin A. Genomic characterization and virulence of Streptococcus suis serotype 4 clonal complex 94 recovered from human and swine samples. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0288840. [PMID: 37498866 PMCID: PMC10374156 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0288840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Streptococcus suis is a zoonotic pathogen that causes invasive infections in humans and pigs. Herein, we performed genomic analysis of seven S. suis serotype 4 strains belonging to clonal complex (CC) 94 that were recovered from a human patient or from diseased and clinically healthy pigs. Genomic exploration and comparisons, as well as in vitro cytotoxicity tests, indicated that S. suis CC94 serotype 4 strains are potentially virulent. Genomic analysis revealed that all seven strains clustered within minimum core genome group 3 (MCG-3) and had a high number of virulence-associated genes similar to those of virulent serotype 2 strains. Cytotoxicity assays showed that both the human lung adenocarcinoma cell line and HeLa cells rapidly lost viability following incubation for 4 h with the strains at a concentration of 106 bacterial cells. The human serotype 4 strain (ID36054) decreased cell viability profoundly and similarly to the control serotype 2 strain P1/7. In addition, strain ST1689 (ID34572), isolated from a clinically healthy pig, presented similar behaviour in an adenocarcinoma cell line and HeLa cells. The antimicrobial resistance genes tet(O) and ermB that confer resistance to tetracyclines, macrolides, and lincosamides were commonly found in the strains. However, aminoglycoside and streptothricin resistance genes were found only in certain strains in this study. Our results indicate that S. suis CC94 serotype 4 strains are potentially pathogenic and virulent and should be monitored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rujirat Hatrongjit
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Department of General Sciences, Kasetsart University Chalermphrakiat Sakon Nakhon Province Campus, Sakon Nakhon, Thailand
| | - Parichart Boueroy
- Faculty of Public Health, Kasetsart University Chalermphrakiat Sakon Nakhon Province Campus, Sakon Nakhon, Thailand
| | - Piroon Jenjaroenpun
- Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Department of Research and Development, Division of Bioinformatics and Data Management for Research, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Thidathip Wongsurawat
- Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Department of Research and Development, Division of Bioinformatics and Data Management for Research, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Nattakan Meekhanon
- Faculty of Veterinary Technology, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Peechanika Chopjitt
- Faculty of Public Health, Kasetsart University Chalermphrakiat Sakon Nakhon Province Campus, Sakon Nakhon, Thailand
| | - Han Zheng
- National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Changping, Beijing, China
| | - Nahuel Fittipaldi
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Research Group on Infectious Diseases in Production Animals (GREMIP), University of Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Sorujsiri Chareonsudjai
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Microbiology, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
- Research and Diagnostic Center for Emerging infectious Diseases (RCEID), Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Mariela Segura
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Research Group on Infectious Diseases in Production Animals (GREMIP), University of Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Marcelo Gottschalk
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Research Group on Infectious Diseases in Production Animals (GREMIP), University of Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Anusak Kerdsin
- Faculty of Public Health, Kasetsart University Chalermphrakiat Sakon Nakhon Province Campus, Sakon Nakhon, Thailand
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11
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Wang CZ, Wang MG, Chu YF, Sun RY, Li JG, Li XA, Sun J, Liu YH, Zhou YF, Liao XP. Antibiotic Resistance Patterns and Molecular Characterization of Streptococcus suis Isolates from Swine and Humans in China. Microbiol Spectr 2023; 11:e0030923. [PMID: 37154736 PMCID: PMC10269843 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.00309-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Streptococcus suis is a zoonotic pathogen that causes disease in humans after exposure to infected pigs or pig-derived food products. In this study, we examined the serotype distribution, antimicrobial resistance phenotypes and genotypes, integrative and conjugative elements (ICEs), and associated genomic environments of S. suis isolates from humans and pigs in China from 2008 to 2019. We identified isolates of 13 serotypes, predominated by serotype 2 (40/96; 41.7%), serotype 3 (10/96; 10.4%), and serotype 1 (6/96; 6.3%). Whole-genome sequencing analysis revealed that these isolates possessed 36 different sequence types (STs), and ST242 and ST117 were the most prevalent. Phylogenetic analysis revealed possible animal and human clonal transmission, while antimicrobial susceptibility testing indicated high-level resistance to macrolides, tetracyclines, and aminoglycosides. These isolates carried 24 antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) that conferred resistance to 7 antibiotic classes. The antibiotic resistance genotypes were directly correlated with the observed phenotypes. We also identified ICEs in 10 isolates, which were present in 4 different genetic environments and possessed differing ARG combinations. We also predicted and confirmed by PCR analysis the existence of a translocatable unit (TU) in which the oxazolidinone resistance gene optrA was flanked by IS1216E elements. One-half (5/10) of the ICE-carrying strains could be mobilized by conjugation. A comparison of the parental recipient with an ICE-carrying transconjugant in a mouse in vivo thigh infection model indicated that the ICE strain could not be eliminated with tetracycline treatment. S. suis therefore poses a significant challenge to global public health and requires continuous monitoring, especially for the presence of ICEs and associated ARGs that can be transferred via conjugation. IMPORTANCE S. suis is a serious zoonotic pathogen. In this study, we investigated the epidemiological and molecular characteristics of 96 S. suis isolates from 10 different provinces of China from 2008 to 2019. A subset of these isolates (10) carried ICEs that were able to be horizontally transferred among isolates of different S. suis serotypes. A mouse thigh infection model revealed that ICE-facilitated ARG transfer promoted resistance development. S. suis requires continuous monitoring, especially for the presence of ICEs and associated ARGs that can be transferred via conjugation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang-Zhen Wang
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, National Risk Assessment Laboratory for Antimicrobial Resistance of Animal Original Bacteria, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutics Development and Safety Evaluation, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Min-Ge Wang
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, National Risk Assessment Laboratory for Antimicrobial Resistance of Animal Original Bacteria, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutics Development and Safety Evaluation, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yue-Fei Chu
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, National Risk Assessment Laboratory for Antimicrobial Resistance of Animal Original Bacteria, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutics Development and Safety Evaluation, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ruan-Yang Sun
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, National Risk Assessment Laboratory for Antimicrobial Resistance of Animal Original Bacteria, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutics Development and Safety Evaluation, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jian-Guo Li
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, National Risk Assessment Laboratory for Antimicrobial Resistance of Animal Original Bacteria, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutics Development and Safety Evaluation, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xian-An Li
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, National Risk Assessment Laboratory for Antimicrobial Resistance of Animal Original Bacteria, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutics Development and Safety Evaluation, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jian Sun
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, National Risk Assessment Laboratory for Antimicrobial Resistance of Animal Original Bacteria, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutics Development and Safety Evaluation, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ya-Hong Liu
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, National Risk Assessment Laboratory for Antimicrobial Resistance of Animal Original Bacteria, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutics Development and Safety Evaluation, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for the Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Yu-Feng Zhou
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, National Risk Assessment Laboratory for Antimicrobial Resistance of Animal Original Bacteria, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutics Development and Safety Evaluation, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiao-Ping Liao
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, National Risk Assessment Laboratory for Antimicrobial Resistance of Animal Original Bacteria, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutics Development and Safety Evaluation, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
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12
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Dai X, Sun J, Zhu B, Lv M, Chen L, Chen L, Wang X, Huang J, Wang L. Various Mobile Genetic Elements Involved in the Dissemination of the Phenicol-Oxazolidinone Resistance Gene optrA in the Zoonotic Pathogen Streptococcus suis: a Nonignorable Risk to Public Health. Microbiol Spectr 2023; 11:e0487522. [PMID: 37070987 PMCID: PMC10269897 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.04875-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 04/19/2023] Open
Abstract
The rapid increase of phenicol-oxazolidinone (PhO) resistance in Streptococcus suis due to transferable resistance gene optrA is a matter of concern. However, genetic mechanisms for the dissemination of the optrA gene remain to be discovered. Here, we selected 33 optrA-positive S. suis isolates for whole-genome sequencing and analysis. The IS1216E element was present in 85% of the optrA-carrying contigs despite genetic variation observed in the flanking region. IS1216E-optrA-carrying segments could be inserted into larger mobile genetic elements (MGEs), including integrative and conjugative elements, plasmids, prophages, and antibiotic resistance-associated genomic islands. IS1216E-mediated circularization occurred to form the IS1216E-optrA-carrying translocatable units, suggesting a crucial role of IS1216E in optrA spreading. Three optrA-carrying MGEs (ICESsuAKJ47_SSU1797, plasmid pSH0918, and prophage ΦSsuFJSM5_rum) were successfully transferred via conjugation at different transfer frequencies. Interestingly, two types of transconjugants were observed due to the multilocus integration of ICESsuAKJ47 into an alternative SSU1943 attachment site along with the primary SSU1797 attachment site (type 1) or into the single SSU1797 attachment site (type 2). In addition, conjugative transfer of an optrA-carrying plasmid and prophage in streptococci was validated for the first time. Considering the abundance of MGEs in S. suis and the mobility of IS1216E-optrA-carrying translocatable units, attention should be paid to the potential risks to public health from the emergence and spread of PhO-resistant S. suis. IMPORTANCE Antimicrobial resistance to phenicols and oxazolidinones by the dissemination of the optrA gene leads to treatment failure in both veterinary and human medicine. However, information about the profile of these MGEs (mobilome) that carry optrA and their transferability in streptococci was limited, especially for the zoonotic pathogen S. suis. This study showed that the optrA-carrying mobilome in S. suis includes integrative and conjugative elements (ICEs), plasmids, prophages, and antibiotic resistance-associated genomic islands. IS1216E-mediated formation of optrA-carrying translocatable units played important roles in optrA spreading between types of MGEs, and conjugative transfer of various optrA-carrying MGEs (ICEs, plasmids, and prophages) further facilitated the transfer of optrA across strains, highlighting a nonignorable risk to public health of optrA dissemination to other streptococci and even to bacteria of other genera.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingyang Dai
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Junjie Sun
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Boqin Zhu
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Mingsiyi Lv
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Liye Chen
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Li Chen
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaoming Wang
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
- Risk Assessment Center of Veterinary Drug Residue and Antimicrobial Resistance, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
- Center for Veterinary Drug Research and Evaluation, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jinhu Huang
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
- Risk Assessment Center of Veterinary Drug Residue and Antimicrobial Resistance, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
- Center for Veterinary Drug Research and Evaluation, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Liping Wang
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
- Risk Assessment Center of Veterinary Drug Residue and Antimicrobial Resistance, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
- Center for Veterinary Drug Research and Evaluation, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
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