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Zayed S, Belal F, Barghash S, Fouad F. Simultaneous determination of selected ionophoric coccidiostats and amino acids in feed premixes using high-performance liquid chromatography-ultraviolet detection method. J Sep Sci 2024; 47:e2300761. [PMID: 38403454 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.202300761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2023] [Revised: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 01/28/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
The combination of ionophoric coccidiostats and amino acids (AAs) is important in poultry feeding to enhance immunity and improve the growth and feed efficiency of birds suffering from coccidiosis. A simple, rapid, and economical high-performance liquid chromatography-ultraviolet detection (HPLC-UV) method for the simultaneous determination of three ionophoric coccidiostats, namely salinomycin (SAL), maduramicin (MAD), and monensin (MON) in addition to three AAs; L-tryptophan (L-TRP), alpha-ketoleucin (KLEU), and L-valine (L-VAL) in feed premixes was developed and validated. Chromatographic separation was achieved in less than 12 min using a phenyl hexyl column with a mobile phase consisting of acetonitrile/methanol/water (25:20:55, v/v/v) adjusted to pH 3 using phosphoric acid. Isocratic elution was performed at a flow rate of 1 mL/min with UV detection at 210 nm. The method showed good linearity in the ranges 0.50-5.0 mg/mL for MON, 0.20-2.0 mg/mL for MAD and SAL, 10.0-100.0 μg/mL for L-TRP and KLEU, and 50.0-500.0 μg/mL for VAL. The developed method was successfully applied to determine the studied analytes in feed premixes with good recoveries and precision. The good validation criteria of the proposed method allow its utilization in quality control laboratories.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sahar Zayed
- Unit of Drug Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Fathalla Belal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Sona Barghash
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy (Girls), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Fatma Fouad
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy (Girls), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
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Lee S, Woo WS, Kim J, Jin Y, Lee JW, Seo JS, Kwon MG, Lee JH, Park CI, Shim SH. The residue of salinomycin in the muscles of olive flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus) and black rockfish (Sebastes Schlegeli) after oral administration analyzed by LC-Tandem-MS. BMC Vet Res 2024; 20:24. [PMID: 38216988 PMCID: PMC10785415 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-023-03867-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/14/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Salinomycin, an antibiotic, have potential as a veterinary drug for fish due to its anti-parasitic activity against several fish parasites. Thus the residual levels of salinomycin in muscles of two significant aquaculture species in Korea, olive flounder and black rockfish, were analyzed using HPLC-MS-MS. RESULTS The proper method to analyze the residual salinomycin in fish muscles using LC-MS-MS was settled and the method was validated according to CODEX guidelines. The residues in three distinct groups for two fish species were analyzed using the matrix match calibration curves at points of five different times following oral administration. After oral administration, salinomycin rapidly breaks down in both olive flounder and black rockfish. After 7th days, the average residue in all groups of two fish spp. decreased below limit of quantitation (LOQ). CONCLUSION Due to low residue levels in fish muscles, salinomycin may therefore be a treatment that is safe for both fish and humans. This result could contribute to establishment of MRL (minimal residual limit) for approval of salinomycin for use in aquaculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seungjin Lee
- Natural Products Research Institute, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Won-Sik Woo
- Department of Marine Biology & Aquaculture, Institute of Marine Industry, College of Marine Science, Gyeongsang National University, Tongyeong, 53064, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaekyeong Kim
- Natural Products Research Institute, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeongwoon Jin
- Natural Products Research Institute, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Woo Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Duksung Women's University, Seoul, 01369, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Soo Seo
- Aquatic Disease Control Division, National Fishery Products Quality Management Service, 337 Haeyang-ro, Yeongdo-gu, Busan, 49111, Republic of Korea
| | - Mun-Gyeong Kwon
- Aquatic Disease Control Division, National Fishery Products Quality Management Service, 337 Haeyang-ro, Yeongdo-gu, Busan, 49111, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Hoon Lee
- Aquatic Disease Control Division, National Fishery Products Quality Management Service, 337 Haeyang-ro, Yeongdo-gu, Busan, 49111, Republic of Korea.
| | - Chan-Il Park
- Department of Marine Biology & Aquaculture, Institute of Marine Industry, College of Marine Science, Gyeongsang National University, Tongyeong, 53064, Republic of Korea.
| | - Sang Hee Shim
- Natural Products Research Institute, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea.
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Yu C, Huang J, Tian W, Huai Y, Zheng S, Wang H, Chen J, Chen H, Bo R, Li J, Liu M. Therapeutic effect of a self-made herbal formula on a multi-drug resistant Eimeria tenella isolate infection in broiler chickens. Vet Parasitol 2023; 324:110057. [PMID: 37918037 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2023.110057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Revised: 10/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/22/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023]
Abstract
In-feed prophylactic chemotherapy is widely considered the mainstay of avian coccidiosis control, while serious drug resistance strictly restricts its application. Confronted with the urgent need for an alternative strategy, a traditional Chinese medicine formula (TCMF) was developed. Meanwhile, its potential to iron out complicated clinical coccidiosis was scrutinized in vivo with a field-isolated multi-drug resistant Eimeria tenella (E. tenella) isolate. Birds were inoculated with 5 × 104 sporulated oocysts and administrated with TCMF supplementation in water from 72 h post-infection to the end of the experiment, diclazuril (DIC) was set as a positive control. As a result, TCMF intervention reduced oocyst shedding, cecal lesion and mortality, and enhanced body weight gain. According to the above, anticoccidial index (ACI) was calculated and TCMF exerted a moderate anticoccidial activity. Besides, macroscopic, histopathological, and ultrastructural observations revealed the safeguarding effects of TCMF on E. tenella-induced cecal injury. Following, TCMF treatment presented an obvious inhibition effect on E. tenella caused oxidative stress and inflammatory response. Moreover, TCMF supplementation restored the cecal flora abundance and diversity, reduced the colonization of harmful bacteria, and increased the probiotics abundance. In conclusion, TCMF exhibited a moderate anticoccidial effect along with alleviating E. tenella-induced cecal injury, redox imbalance, and inflammatory response which may be associated with the microflora modulatory effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenglong Yu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, PR China
| | - Junjie Huang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, PR China
| | - Wei Tian
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, PR China
| | - Yuying Huai
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, PR China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou 225009, PR China
| | - Shumei Zheng
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, PR China
| | - Huiwen Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, PR China
| | - Jianhui Chen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, PR China
| | - Huimin Chen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, PR China
| | - Ruonan Bo
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, PR China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou 225009, PR China
| | - Jingui Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, PR China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou 225009, PR China
| | - Mingjiang Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, PR China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou 225009, PR China.
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