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Alanazi MA. The Role of Physical Activity in Adjunctive Nursing Management of Neuro-Degenerative Diseases among Older Adults: A Systematic Review of Interventional Studies. Life (Basel) 2024; 14:597. [PMID: 38792618 PMCID: PMC11122640 DOI: 10.3390/life14050597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2024] [Revised: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases such as dementia and Parkinson's disease pose significant challenges to older adults globally. While pharmacological treatments remain primary, increasing evidence supports the role of non-pharmacological strategies like physical activity in managing these conditions. This systematic review critically evaluates the effectiveness of Nursing based physical activity interventions in improving cognitive function, physical functioning, mobility, and overall quality of life among older adults with neurodegenerative diseases. We conducted a comprehensive search across PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, CENTRAL, and other relevant databases, focusing on randomized controlled trials and observational studies that examined the impact of structured physical activity. Our findings from nineteen studies involving 1673 participants indicate that interventions ranging from aerobic exercises, resistance training, to mind-body exercises like Tai Chi and yoga have beneficial effects. Specifically, physical activity was consistently found to enhance cognitive performance, increase mobility, and improve balance and daily living activities, contributing to a better quality of life. However, these benefits vary depending on the type, intensity, and duration of the activity performed. Despite promising results, limitations such as small sample sizes, study heterogeneity, and short-term follow-up periods call for more robust, long-term studies to solidify these findings. This review underscores the potential of tailored physical activity programs as adjunctive therapy in the comprehensive management of neurodegenerative diseases among the elderly population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Majed Awad Alanazi
- Department of Medical Surgical Nursing, College of Nursing, Jouf University, Sakaka 72388, Saudi Arabia
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Rodziewicz-Flis E, Juhas U, Kortas JA, Jaworska J, Bidzan-Bluma I, Babińska A, Micielska K, Żychowska M, Lombardi G, Antosiewicz J, Ziemann E. Nordic Walking training in BungyPump form improves cognitive functions and physical performance and induces changes in amino acids and kynurenine profiles in older adults. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1151184. [PMID: 37766686 PMCID: PMC10520281 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1151184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Although impacts of physical activity on cognitive functions have been intensively investigated, they are still far from being completely understood. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of 12 weeks of the Nordic Walking training with BungyPump resistance poles (NW-RSA) on the amino acid and kynurenine profiles as well as selected myokine/exerkine concentrations, which may modify the interface between physical and cognitive functions. Methods A group of 32 older adults participated in the study. Before and after the intervention, body composition, cognitive functions, and physical performance were assessed. Blood samples were taken before and 1 h after the first and last sessions of the NW-RSA training, to determine circulating levels of exercise-induced proteins, i.e., brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), irisin, kynurenine (KYN), metabolites, and amino acids. Results The NW-RSA training induced a significant improvement in cognitive functions and physical performance as well as a reduction in fat mass (p = 0.05). Changes were accompanied by a decline in resting serum BDNF (p = 0.02) and a slight reduction in irisin concentration (p = 0.08). Still, changes in irisin concentration immediately after the NW-RSA intervention depended on shifts in kynurenine-irisin dropped as kynurenine increased. The kynurenine-to-tryptophan and phenylalanine-to-tyrosine ratios decreased significantly, suggesting their possible involvement in the amelioration of cognitive functions. No changes of glucose homeostasis or lipid profile were found. Shifts in the concentrations of selected amino acids might have covered the increased energy demand in response to the NW-RSA training and contributed to an improvement of physical performance. Conclusion Regular Nordic Walking training with additional resistance (BungyPump) improved cognitive functions and physical performance. These positive effects were associated with a reduced BDNF concentration and kynurenine-to-tryptophan ratio as well as changes in the amino acid profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewa Rodziewicz-Flis
- Department of Physiotherapy, Gdansk University of Physical Education and Sport, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Ulana Juhas
- Department of Bioenergetics and Physiology of Exercise, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Jakub Antoni Kortas
- Department of Health and Natural Sciences, Gdansk University of Physical Education and Sport, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Joanna Jaworska
- Department of Physiology, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Ilona Bidzan-Bluma
- Department of Psychology, Gdansk University of Physical Education and Sport, Gdansk, Poland
- Institute of Psychology, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Anna Babińska
- Department of Endocrinology and Internal Medicine, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Micielska
- Department of Physical Education and Lifelong Sports, Poznan University of Physical Education, Poznan, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Żychowska
- Department of Biological Foundations of Physical Culture, Kazimierz Wielki University in Bydgoszcz, Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Giovanni Lombardi
- Department of Athletics, Strength and Conditioning, Poznan University of Physical Education, Poznan, Poland
- Laboratory of Experimental Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Milano, Italy
| | - Jędrzej Antosiewicz
- Department of Bioenergetics and Physiology of Exercise, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Ewa Ziemann
- Department of Athletics, Strength and Conditioning, Poznan University of Physical Education, Poznan, Poland
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Angiolillo A, Leccese D, Ciccotelli S, Di Cesare G, D'Elia K, Aurisano N, Matrone C, Dentizzi C, Di Costanzo A. Effects of Nordic walking in Alzheimer's disease: A single-blind randomized controlled clinical trial. Heliyon 2023; 9:e15865. [PMID: 37305510 PMCID: PMC10256925 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e15865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Revised: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-pharmacological approaches, including exercise programs, have been proposed to improve cognitive function and behavioral symptoms, such as depression, agitation, or aggression, in the management of patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD). Indeed, physical inactivity is one of the main modifiable risk factors in patients with AD, as well as in the development of cardiovascular diseases and related pathologies. Although Nordic Walking (NW), a particular type of aerobic exercise, is known to benefit the health of aging populations, there is little evidence that patients with AD may benefit from this non-pharmacological treatment. In this context, we performed a pilot study in 30 patients with mild/moderate AD to evaluate whether NW influences different cognitive domains, including executive functions, visual-spatial abilities, and verbal episodic memory. To this aim, 15 patients (Control group, CG) underwent reality orientation therapy, music therapy, motor, proprioceptive and postural rehabilitation, and 15 patients (experimental group, EG) in addition to the activities performed by the CG also had the NW with a frequency of twice a week. Neuropsychological assessments and evaluations of daily activities and quality of life were performed at baseline and after 24 weeks. Twenty-two patients, including 13 in the CG and nine in the EG completed the activity program after 24 weeks. The EG showed a significant improvement in the Frontal Assessment Battery, Rey's auditory Verbal Learning Test Delayed Recall, Raven's Colored Progressive Matrices, and completion time for the Stroop Word-Color Interference test, compared to the CG. NW was able to improve cognitive domains like visual-spatial reasoning abilities, verbal episodic memory, selective attention, and processing speed in AD patients. These results, if confirmed by further studies with a larger number of patients and a longer training period, may prospect NW as a safe and likely useful strategy to slow down cognitive impairment in mild/moderate AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. Angiolillo
- Centre for Research and Training in Medicine for Aging, Department of Medicine and Health Sciences “Vincenzo Tiberio”, University of Molise, 86100, Campobasso, Italy
| | - D. Leccese
- Centre for Research and Training in Medicine for Aging, Department of Medicine and Health Sciences “Vincenzo Tiberio”, University of Molise, 86100, Campobasso, Italy
| | - S. Ciccotelli
- Centre for Research and Training in Medicine for Aging, Department of Medicine and Health Sciences “Vincenzo Tiberio”, University of Molise, 86100, Campobasso, Italy
| | - G. Di Cesare
- Centre for Cognitive Disorders and Dementias-ASREM, 86100, Campobasso, Italy
| | - K. D'Elia
- Centre for Cognitive Disorders and Dementias-ASREM, 86100, Campobasso, Italy
| | - N. Aurisano
- Centre for Cognitive Disorders and Dementias-ASREM, 86100, Campobasso, Italy
| | - C. Matrone
- Division of Pharmacology, Department of Neuroscience, School of Medicine, University of Naples Federico II, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - C. Dentizzi
- Centre for Cognitive Disorders and Dementias-ASREM, 86100, Campobasso, Italy
| | - A. Di Costanzo
- Centre for Research and Training in Medicine for Aging, Department of Medicine and Health Sciences “Vincenzo Tiberio”, University of Molise, 86100, Campobasso, Italy
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Sobczak K, Nowinka P, Wochna K, Domaszewska K. The Effects of Nordic Walking with Poles with an Integrated Resistance Shock Absorber on Red Blood Cell Distribution and Cardiorespiratory Efficiency in Postmenopausal Women-A Randomized Controlled Trial. BIOLOGY 2023; 12:biology12020179. [PMID: 36829458 PMCID: PMC9952538 DOI: 10.3390/biology12020179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Revised: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Age-related reduction in exercise capacity is manifested by a rapid development of fatigue. Research confirmed the adverse prognostic value of red blood cell distribution width (RDW-CV), an independent factor in heart failure, coronary heart disease and myocardial infarction. Physical exercise improves and helps to maintain cardiorespiratory fitness. The aim of our study was to examine the impact of 8 weeks' Nordic walking training with classic poles (NW) and NW training with poles with an integrated resistance shock absorber (NW with RSA) on RDW-CV levels and to assess correlations between RDW-CV levels and cardiorespiratory performance in postmenopausal women. METHODS In this study, 32 postmenopausal women (NW-16, NW with RSA-16) participated in eight weeks of walking training. The mean age of women was 66.56 ± 4.23 year. and BMI 26.99 ± 3.86 kg/m2. At the beginning and at the end of the study, spirometry and exercise tests were performed. Haematological parameters were determined in the venous blood. RESULTS Statistical analysis of differences in post-training changes in the parameters between the groups studied showed a significant difference in change in body weight (∆body weight) (p < 0.05; ES: 0.778), BMI (∆BMI) (p < 0.05; ES: 0.778), waist circumference (∆WC) (p < 0.05; ES: 1.225) and (∆RDW-SD) (p < 0.05; ES: 1.215). There were no changes in electrocardiographic and spirometric parameters. CONCLUSIONS Based on the findings from the present study, it can be assumed that endurance and resistance exercise can significantly reduce disease severity and mortality. A clinical analysis of RDW levels, together with other cardiological and biochemical parameters, can provide practical prognostic information relating to cardiovascular disease, mortality risk and treatment outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Sobczak
- Laboratory of Swimming and Water Lifesaving, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Poznan University of Physical Education, Królowej Jadwigi Street 27/39, 61-871 Poznań, Poland
- Correspondence: (K.S.); (K.D.); Tel.: +48-(61)-835-51-90 (K.D.)
| | - Paweł Nowinka
- Department of Cardiology-Pulmonology, Heliodor Swiecicki University Hospital, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 61-701 Poznań, Poland
| | - Krystian Wochna
- Laboratory of Swimming and Water Lifesaving, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Poznan University of Physical Education, Królowej Jadwigi Street 27/39, 61-871 Poznań, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Domaszewska
- Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Health Sciences, Poznan University of Physical Education, Królowej Jadwigi Street 27/39, 61-871 Poznań, Poland
- Correspondence: (K.S.); (K.D.); Tel.: +48-(61)-835-51-90 (K.D.)
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Nordic walking with an integrated resistance shock absorber affects the femur strength and muscles torques in postmenopausal women. Sci Rep 2022; 12:20089. [PMID: 36418455 PMCID: PMC9684118 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-24131-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Deterioration of the structure and function of the musculoskeletal system represents a significant problem during aging and intervention with a suitable load of physical activity may improve the quality of life. Nordic walking (NW) has become a popular and easily accessible form of activity, especially for older adults people around the world. Thus, the purpose of the study was to evaluate the influence of an Nordic walking training program with classic poles (NW) and with integrated resistance shock absorber (RSA) on bone mineral density and the peak torques of upper limb muscles and to compare the effects of both intervention programs. 25 women were randomly assigned to two training groups: 10 subjects using RSA (68 ± 4.19 years) and 15 subjects using NW poles (65 ± 3.40 years), which completed 8 weeks of training program. The hip, spine and forearm areal bone mineral density, torques of the flexors and extensors at the elbow and shoulder joints were measured before starting the training programs and after their completion. The most significant effect was found in differences between the two groups of women with respect to the femur strength index (p = 0.047) and the ratio of the flexors to extensors in the elbow (p = 0.049) and shoulder (p = 0.001) joints and peak torque of flexors in the shoulder joint (p = 0.001) for the left arm. A significant difference was also found in the index of torque asymmetry of flexors in the shoulder joint (p = 0.002). The study shows that Nordic walking with RSA poles for postmenopausal women led to beneficial changes in the femur strength index. However, we found no significant influence on bone mineral density values measured on the whole body, the femoral neck, forearm or lumbar spine regions. The occurrence of asymmetry in biomechanical muscle parameters, which was observed using RSA poles, may suggest the necessity of systematic controlling the gait technique to avoid the adverse consequences of asymmetrical rotation of the lumbar spine.
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Bucciarelli V, Bianco F, Mucedola F, Di Blasio A, Izzicupo P, Tuosto D, Ghinassi B, Bucci I, Napolitano G, Di Baldassarre A, Gallina S. Effect of Adherence to Physical Exercise on Cardiometabolic Profile in Postmenopausal Women. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:E656. [PMID: 33466649 PMCID: PMC7828719 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18020656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2020] [Revised: 01/06/2021] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Background: Menopause is associated with negative cardiovascular adaptations related to estrogen depletion, which could be counteracted by physical exercise (PhE). However, the impact of total adherence-rate (TA) to PhE and sedentary time (SedT) on cardiometabolic profile in this population has not been elucidated. Methods: For 13-weeks, 43 women (57.1 ± 4.7 years) participated in a 4-days-a-week moderate-intensity walking training. They underwent laboratory, anthropometric and echocardiographic assessment, before and after training (T0-T1). Spontaneous physical activity (PhA) was assessed with a portable multisensory device. The sample was divided according to TA to PhE program: <70% (n = 17) and ≥70% (n = 26). Results: TA ≥ 70% group experienced a significant T1 improvement of relative wall thickness (RWT), diastolic function, VO2max, cortisol, cortisol/dehydroandrostenedione-sulphate ratio and serum glucose. After adjusting for SedT and 10-min bouts of spontaneous moderate-to-vigorous PhA, TA ≥ 70% showed the most significant absolute change of RWT and diastolic function, body mass index, weight and cortisol. TA ≥ 70% was major predictor of RWT and cortisol improvement. Conclusions: In a group of untrained, postmenopausal women, a high TA to a 13-weeks aerobic PhE program confers a better improvement in cardiometabolic profile, regardless of SedT and PhA levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Bucciarelli
- Department of Neurosciences, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, “G. d’Annunzio” of Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (F.B.); (F.M.); (D.T.); (S.G.)
| | - Francesco Bianco
- Department of Neurosciences, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, “G. d’Annunzio” of Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (F.B.); (F.M.); (D.T.); (S.G.)
| | - Francesco Mucedola
- Department of Neurosciences, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, “G. d’Annunzio” of Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (F.B.); (F.M.); (D.T.); (S.G.)
| | - Andrea Di Blasio
- Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, University “G. d’Annunzio” of Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (A.D.B.); (P.I.); (B.G.); (I.B.); (G.N.); (A.D.B.)
| | - Pascal Izzicupo
- Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, University “G. d’Annunzio” of Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (A.D.B.); (P.I.); (B.G.); (I.B.); (G.N.); (A.D.B.)
| | - Desiree Tuosto
- Department of Neurosciences, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, “G. d’Annunzio” of Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (F.B.); (F.M.); (D.T.); (S.G.)
| | - Barbara Ghinassi
- Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, University “G. d’Annunzio” of Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (A.D.B.); (P.I.); (B.G.); (I.B.); (G.N.); (A.D.B.)
| | - Ines Bucci
- Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, University “G. d’Annunzio” of Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (A.D.B.); (P.I.); (B.G.); (I.B.); (G.N.); (A.D.B.)
| | - Giorgio Napolitano
- Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, University “G. d’Annunzio” of Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (A.D.B.); (P.I.); (B.G.); (I.B.); (G.N.); (A.D.B.)
| | - Angela Di Baldassarre
- Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, University “G. d’Annunzio” of Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (A.D.B.); (P.I.); (B.G.); (I.B.); (G.N.); (A.D.B.)
| | - Sabina Gallina
- Department of Neurosciences, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, “G. d’Annunzio” of Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (F.B.); (F.M.); (D.T.); (S.G.)
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