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Caragea VM, Méndez-Couz M, Manahan-Vaughan D. Dopamine receptors of the rodent fastigial nucleus support skilled reaching for goal-directed action. Brain Struct Funct 2024; 229:609-637. [PMID: 37615757 PMCID: PMC10978667 DOI: 10.1007/s00429-023-02685-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023]
Abstract
The dopaminergic (DA) system regulates both motor function, and learning and memory. The cerebellum supports motor control and the acquisition of procedural memories, including goal-directed behavior, and is subjected to DA control. Its fastigial nucleus (FN) controls and interprets body motion through space. The expression of dopamine receptors has been reported in the deep cerebellar nuclei of mice. However, the presence of dopamine D1-like (D1R) and D2-like (D2R) receptors in the rat FN has not yet been verified. In this study, we first confirmed that DA receptors are expressed in the FN of adult rats and then targeted these receptors to explore to what extent the FN modulates goal-directed behavior. Immunohistochemical assessment revealed expression of both D1R and D2R receptors in the FN, whereby the medial lateral FN exhibited higher receptor expression compared to the other FN subfields. Bilateral treatment of the FN with a D1R antagonist, prior to a goal-directed pellet-reaching task, significantly impaired task acquisition and decreased task engagement. D2R antagonism only reduced late performance post-acquisition. Once task acquisition had occurred, D1R antagonism had no effect on successful reaching, although it significantly decreased reaching speed, task engagement, and promoted errors. Motor coordination and ambulation were, however, unaffected as neither D1R nor D2R antagonism altered rotarod latencies or distance and velocity in an open field. Taken together, these results not only reveal a novel role for the FN in goal-directed skilled reaching, but also show that D1R expressed in FN regulate this process by modulating motivation for action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Violeta-Maria Caragea
- Department of Neurophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, Ruhr-University Bochum, Universitätsstr. 150, MA 4/150, 44780, Bochum, Germany
| | - Marta Méndez-Couz
- Department of Neurophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, Ruhr-University Bochum, Universitätsstr. 150, MA 4/150, 44780, Bochum, Germany
| | - Denise Manahan-Vaughan
- Department of Neurophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, Ruhr-University Bochum, Universitätsstr. 150, MA 4/150, 44780, Bochum, Germany.
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Zhang Y, Gao J, Li N, Xu P, Qu S, Cheng J, Wang M, Li X, Song Y, Xiao F, Yang X, Liu J, Hong H, Mu R, Li X, Wang Y, Xu H, Xie Y, Gao T, Wang G, Aa J. Targeting cAMP in D1-MSNs in the nucleus accumbens, a new rapid antidepressant strategy. Acta Pharm Sin B 2024; 14:667-681. [PMID: 38322327 PMCID: PMC10840425 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2023.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Revised: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Studies have suggested that the nucleus accumbens (NAc) is implicated in the pathophysiology of major depression; however, the regulatory strategy that targets the NAc to achieve an exclusive and outstanding anti-depression benefit has not been elucidated. Here, we identified a specific reduction of cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) in the subset of dopamine D1 receptor medium spiny neurons (D1-MSNs) in the NAc that promoted stress susceptibility, while the stimulation of cAMP production in NAc D1-MSNs efficiently rescued depression-like behaviors. Ketamine treatment enhanced cAMP both in D1-MSNs and dopamine D2 receptor medium spiny neurons (D2-MSNs) of depressed mice, however, the rapid antidepressant effect of ketamine solely depended on elevating cAMP in NAc D1-MSNs. We discovered that a higher dose of crocin markedly increased cAMP in the NAc and consistently relieved depression 24 h after oral administration, but not a lower dose. The fast onset property of crocin was verified through multicenter studies. Moreover, crocin specifically targeted at D1-MSN cAMP signaling in the NAc to relieve depression and had no effect on D2-MSN. These findings characterize a new strategy to achieve an exclusive and outstanding anti-depression benefit by elevating cAMP in D1-MSNs in the NAc, and provide a potential rapid antidepressant drug candidate, crocin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Zhang
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Research Unit of PK–PD Based Bioactive Components and Pharmacodynamic Target Discovery of Natural Medicine of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Jingwen Gao
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Research Unit of PK–PD Based Bioactive Components and Pharmacodynamic Target Discovery of Natural Medicine of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Na Li
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Research Unit of PK–PD Based Bioactive Components and Pharmacodynamic Target Discovery of Natural Medicine of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Peng Xu
- Key Laboratory of Drug Monitoring and Control, Drug Intelligence and Forensic Center, Ministry of Public Security, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Shimeng Qu
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Research Unit of PK–PD Based Bioactive Components and Pharmacodynamic Target Discovery of Natural Medicine of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Jinqian Cheng
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Research Unit of PK–PD Based Bioactive Components and Pharmacodynamic Target Discovery of Natural Medicine of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Mingrui Wang
- School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Xueru Li
- School of Foreign Languages, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Yaheng Song
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Research Unit of PK–PD Based Bioactive Components and Pharmacodynamic Target Discovery of Natural Medicine of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Fan Xiao
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Research Unit of PK–PD Based Bioactive Components and Pharmacodynamic Target Discovery of Natural Medicine of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Xinyu Yang
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Jihong Liu
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Hao Hong
- Department of Pharmacology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Ronghao Mu
- Department of Pharmacology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Xiaotian Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Youmei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Drug Monitoring and Control, Drug Intelligence and Forensic Center, Ministry of Public Security, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Hui Xu
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Research Unit of PK–PD Based Bioactive Components and Pharmacodynamic Target Discovery of Natural Medicine of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Yuan Xie
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Research Unit of PK–PD Based Bioactive Components and Pharmacodynamic Target Discovery of Natural Medicine of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Tianming Gao
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Guangji Wang
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Research Unit of PK–PD Based Bioactive Components and Pharmacodynamic Target Discovery of Natural Medicine of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Jiye Aa
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Research Unit of PK–PD Based Bioactive Components and Pharmacodynamic Target Discovery of Natural Medicine of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
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Prati JM, Guilherme EM, de Russo TL, Gianlorenço ACL. Neuronal activation of cerebellum functional circuits in motor and non-motor functions in mice. Neurosci Lett 2021; 765:136271. [PMID: 34597707 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2021.136271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2021] [Revised: 09/18/2021] [Accepted: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
The cerebellum is involved in the control of balance, movement and the acquisition of motor skills. Scientific and technological advances have shown that the cerebellum also participates in non-motor functions, such as emotional control, memory and language. However, which cerebellar areas and functional circuits are predominantly activated in these different functions is not known. The current study analyzed the neuronal activation of cerebellar areas and other brain structures (e.g., hippocampus, amygdala, prelimbic cortex and infralimbic cortex) after exposure to rotarod and inhibitory avoidance behavioral models to establish possible neuronal circuits for motor and non-motor functions. Naïve male Swiss albino mice weighing 25 to 35 g were used. The animals were subjected to three conditions for behavioral evaluation: inhibitory avoidance, which is a model used to infer emotional memory; rotarod, which assesses motor performance and motor learning; and housing box/control. The mice remained in their housing box in Condition 1. Mice in Condition 2 were exposed to the inhibitory avoidance box for 2 days, and mice in Condition 3 were exposed to the rotarod for 3 days. The animals were euthanized after the last exposure to the apparatus then perfused with paraformaldehyde. Brains were extracted and sectioned for immunofluorescence analysis of c-Fos protein in pre-established structures. Images of the brain structures were obtained, and neuronal activation was analyzed microscopically. One-way analysis of variance was used, followed by Tukey's post-hoc test. There was no significant difference in c-Fos expression in lobe VI of the cerebellum between the different conditions. Differences in c-Fos expression were observed in the basolateral amygdala, infralimbic cortex and prelimbic cortex, which are relevant to emotional processes, after exposure to the evaluation apparatuses. Pearson's r correlation coefficient test showed a positive correlation between the variables of structures related to emotional processes. We concluded that there was no significant difference in c-Fos expression in lobe VI of the cerebellum after exposure of the animals to the evaluation apparatus. However, there was a difference in c-Fos expression in other brain structures related to emotional processes after exposure of animals to the apparatus.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Mário Prati
- Laboratory of Neuroscience, Department of Physiotherapy, Federal University of São Carlos, Brazil.
| | - Evelyn Maria Guilherme
- Laboratory of Neuroscience, Department of Physiotherapy, Federal University of São Carlos, Brazil.
| | - Thiago Luiz de Russo
- Laboratory of Neurological Physiotherapy, Department of Physiotherapy, Federal University of São Carlos, Brazil.
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