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Tan H, Li X, Li Y, He F, ZhangBao J, Zhou L, Yang L, Zhao C, Lu C, Dong Q, Li H, Quan C. Real-world experience of teriflunomide in relapsing multiple sclerosis: paramagnetic rim lesions may play a role. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1343531. [PMID: 38558796 PMCID: PMC10979358 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1343531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Objectives The aims of this study were to report the effectiveness and safety of teriflunomide in Chinese patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) and to explore the association of paramagnetic rim lesion (PRL) burden with patient outcome in the context of teriflunomide treatment and the impact of teriflunomide on PRL burden. Methods This is a prospective observational study. A total of 100 RRMS patients treated with teriflunomide ≥3 months were included in analyzing drug persistence and safety. Among them, 96 patients treated ≥6 months were included in assessing drug effectiveness in aspects of no evidence of disease activity (NEDA) 3. The number and total volume of PRL were calculated in 76 patients with baseline susceptibility-weighted imaging (SWI), and their association with NEDA3 failure during teriflunomide treatment was investigated. Results Over a treatment period of 19.7 (3.1-51.7) months, teriflunomide reduced annualized relapse rate (ARR) from 1.1 ± 0.8 to 0.3 ± 0.5, and Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) scores remained stable. At month 24, the NEDA3% and drug persistence rate were 43.8% and 65.1%, respectively. In patients with a baseline SWI, 81.6% had at least 1 PRL, and 42.1% had ≥4 PRLs. The total volume of PRL per patient was 0.3 (0.0-11.5) mL, accounting for 2.3% (0.0%-49.0%) of the total T2 lesion volume. Baseline PRL number ≥ 4 (OR = 4.24, p = 0.009), younger onset age (OR = 0.94, p = 0.039), and frequent relapses in initial 2 years of disease (OR = 13.40, p = 0.026) were associated with NEDA3 failure. The PRL number and volume were not reduced (p = 0.343 and 0.051) after teriflunomide treatment for more than 24 months. No new safety concerns were identified in this study. Conclusion Teriflunomide is effective in reducing ARR in Chinese patients with RRMS. Patients with less PRL burden, less frequent relapses, and relatively older age are likely to benefit more from teriflunomide, indicating that PRL might be a valuable measurement to inform clinical treatment decision.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongmei Tan
- Department of Neurology, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- National Center for Neurological Disorders, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiang Li
- Department of Neurology, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- National Center for Neurological Disorders, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuxin Li
- National Center for Neurological Disorders, Shanghai, China
- Department of Radiology, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Functional and Molecular Medical Imaging, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Fanru He
- National Center for Neurological Disorders, Shanghai, China
- Department of Radiology, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jingzi ZhangBao
- Department of Neurology, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- National Center for Neurological Disorders, Shanghai, China
| | - Lei Zhou
- Department of Neurology, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- National Center for Neurological Disorders, Shanghai, China
| | - Liqin Yang
- National Center for Neurological Disorders, Shanghai, China
- Department of Radiology, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Functional and Molecular Medical Imaging, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chongbo Zhao
- Department of Neurology, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- National Center for Neurological Disorders, Shanghai, China
| | - Chuanzhen Lu
- Department of Neurology, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- National Center for Neurological Disorders, Shanghai, China
| | - Qiang Dong
- Department of Neurology, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- National Center for Neurological Disorders, Shanghai, China
| | - Haiqing Li
- National Center for Neurological Disorders, Shanghai, China
- Department of Radiology, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Functional and Molecular Medical Imaging, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chao Quan
- Department of Neurology, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- National Center for Neurological Disorders, Shanghai, China
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Bu B, Quan C, Li W, Zeng Q, Shi Z, Chen B, Zhou L, Jin L, Zhou H, Yang H. The effectiveness of teriflunomide in patients with multiple sclerosis in China: a real-world comparison to no DMT treatment in the first year after diagnosis. Ther Adv Neurol Disord 2023; 16:17562864231181170. [PMID: 37529720 PMCID: PMC10387708 DOI: 10.1177/17562864231181170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 08/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Teriflunomide is a first-line oral immunomodulatory agent approved in China for the treatment of relapsing multiple sclerosis. Objective To compare the treatment outcomes of teriflunomide and no disease-modifying therapy (DMT) treatment (in first year) in multi-center real-world Chinese multiple sclerosis patients. Design Retrospective study. Methods This study was conducted in five tertiary hospitals in different geographical regions of China. We collected clinical data of patients treated with teriflunomide and no DMT treatment (in first year) between 1 January 2017 and 31 August 2021. The effectiveness of teriflunomide was described. Potential factors influencing the effectiveness of teriflunomide were investigated. Results A total of 372 patients treated with teriflunomide and 148 no DMT treatment patients were included. A total of 292 patients were treated with teriflunomide for at least 6 months, described as a stable teriflunomide cohort. The annualized relapse rate was significantly lower in the stable teriflunomide cohort than in the no DMT treatment cohort (0.23 ± 0.47 versus 0.87 ± 0.67, p < 0.001). The mean Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) score of the stable teriflunomide cohort (1.77 ± 1.62) was slightly different from that of the no DMT treatment cohort (2.09 ± 2.00). A previous annualized relapse rate of ⩾1, a previous EDSS score of ⩾2, and a long disease duration of ⩾5 years were associated with better clinical effectiveness. Conclusion Teriflunomide is associated with a lower relapse rate and less disability accumulation in Chinese patients with multiple sclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Bo Chen
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Lei Zhou
- Department of Neurology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Luya Jin
- Department of Neurology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang, China
| | - Hongyu Zhou
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
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Bourre B, Casez O, Ciron J, Gueguen A, Kwiatkowski A, Moisset X, Montcuquet A, Ayrignac X. Paradigm shifts in multiple sclerosis management: Implications for daily clinical practice. Rev Neurol (Paris) 2023; 179:256-264. [PMID: 36621364 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurol.2022.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Revised: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is the most common chronic inflammatory neurological disease. The emergence of disease-modifying therapies (DMTs) has greatly improved disease activity control and progression of disability in MS patients. DMTs differ in their mode of action, route of administration, efficacy, and safety profiles, offering multiple options for clinicians. Personalized medicine aims at tailoring the therapeutic strategy to patients' characteristics and disease activity but also patients' needs and preferences. New therapeutic options have already changed treatment paradigms for patients with active relapsing MS (RMS). The traditional approach consists in initiating treatment with moderate-efficacy DMTs and subsequently, escalating to higher-efficacy DMTs when there is evidence of clinical and/or radiological breakthrough activity. Recent real-world studies suggest that initiation of high-efficacy DMTs from disease onset can improve long-term outcomes for RMS patients. In this article, we review different treatment strategies and discuss challenges associated with personalized therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Bourre
- Rouen University Hospital, Rouen, France.
| | - O Casez
- Pathologies Inflammatoires du Système Nerveux, Neurologie, Department of Neurology, CRC-SEP, CHU of Grenoble-Alpes and T-RAIG (Translational Research in Autoimmunity and Inflammation Group), University of Grenoble-Alpes, Rouen, France
| | - J Ciron
- Toulouse University Hospital, Toulouse, France
| | - A Gueguen
- Department of Neurology, Rothschild Foundation, Paris, France
| | - A Kwiatkowski
- Department of Neurology, Lille Catholic University, Lille Catholic Hospitals, Lille, France
| | - X Moisset
- Inserm, NEURODOL, CHU of Clermont-Ferrand, University of Clermont Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - A Montcuquet
- Department of Neurology, CHU of Limoges, Limoges, France
| | - X Ayrignac
- Inserm, INM, Department of Neurology, MS Center and National Reference Center of Adult Leukodystrophies, University of Montpellier, Montpellier University Hospital, Montpellier, France
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Nunes CC, Abreu P, Correia F, Mendes I, da Silva AM. Teriflunomide treatment outcomes in multiple sclerosis: A Portuguese real-life experience. Brain Neurosci Adv 2023; 7:23982128231185290. [PMID: 37492519 PMCID: PMC10363901 DOI: 10.1177/23982128231185290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 07/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Teriflunomide is an oral disease-modifying therapy for relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis patients. A decline in physical and cognitive functions, which negatively impacts their quality of life (QoL), is observed in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis patients. The aim of this study was to characterise adult Portuguese relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis patients treated with teriflunomide in routine clinical practice concerning their quality of life, comorbidities, treatment effectiveness, satisfaction, compliance and safety. TeriLIVE-QoL was a multicentre, non-interventional, prospective cohort study that collected demographic and clinical characteristics, patient-reported outcomes and adverse events from patients treated with teriflunomide of 14 mg over 2 years. Notably, around 18 months of this period occurred during the COVID-19 pandemic. Of the 99 participants, 25% were treatment-naïve. Annualised relapse rate and the score for the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale decreased after 1 (p = 0.01) and 2 years of treatment (p < 0.001), respectively. Convenience (p = 0.001), effectiveness (p = 0.002) and global satisfaction scores (p < 0.001) presented high values (up to 95.6) and continued to improve along the study. Treatment persistence was 77%, and compliance reached 82% 2 years after initiation. Three patients experienced serious adverse events. TeriLIVE-QoL provides real-world evidence of clinical effectiveness, high treatment satisfaction, consistent safety and improved psychiatric outcomes, associated with elevated treatment persistence and compliance in patients treated with teriflunomide.iance reached 82% 2 years after initiation. Three patients experienced serious adverse events.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Pedro Abreu
- Departamento de Neurociências Clínicas e Saúde Mental, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Centro Hospitalar Universitário de São João (CHUSJ), Porto, Portugal
| | - Filipe Correia
- Unidade Local de Saúde de Matosinhos (ULSM) – Hospital Pedro Hispano, Matosinhos, Portugal
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