Case report: A case of neuro-Behçet's syndrome presenting as brain stem mass lesions

Neuro-Behcet's Disease and Its Association With Cerebral Aneurysms and Subarachnoid Hemorrhage: A Case Report

Behçet's disease is a rare autoimmune condition characterized by systemic vasculitis, an inflammation of blood vessels, with an unknown etiology. It has varied clinical presentations. Herein, we present the case of a 31-year-old male patient with neuro-Behçet disease who presented with subarachnoid hemorrhage and microaneurysms.

A Case Report of Neuro-Behçet Syndrome: Frequent Neurological Manifestations Concurrent With Life-Threatening Illnesses

​​​​Behçet disease (BD) is a recurrent, multisystemic autoimmune vasculitis that affects both small and large vessels. A combination of neurological signs and symptoms in BD is called neuro-Behçet syndrome (NBS). We present the case of a 31-year-old male diagnosed with chronic progressive NBS who presented with multiple relapsing episodes concurrent with infective endocarditis due to intravenous drug abuse, drug-induced hepatitis, acute kidney injury, and septic shock that is not related to BD. Neurological relapsing episodes were treated with steroids azathioprine and colchicine. At the same time, concurrent illnesses were managed appropriately. Infective endocarditis needed valve replacement surgery, and sepsis was treated with selected antibiotics. Fortunately, the patient's brain images and laboratory investigation improved accordingly. On average, patients with parenchymal neuro-Behçet syndrome (P-NBS) have a poor prognosis; within 10 years of diagnosis, 50% of those patients are severely disabled as our patient who became aphasic and quadriplegic.