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Imoto T, Minoshima M, Yokoyama T, Emery BP, Bull SD, Bito H, Kikuchi K. A Photodeactivatable Antagonist for Controlling CREB-Dependent Gene Expression. ACS CENTRAL SCIENCE 2020; 6:1813-1818. [PMID: 33145417 PMCID: PMC7596873 DOI: 10.1021/acscentsci.0c00736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
A novel photodeactivation strategy for controlling gene expression has been developed based on light-induced activation of cAMP response element binding protein (CREB). Light-induced cleavage of the photoresponsive protecting group of an antagonist of CREB binding protein (CBP) results in photocleaved products with weak binding affinity for CBP. This photodissociation reaction enables protein-protein interactions between CBP and CREB that trigger the formation of a multiprotein transcription complex to turn gene expression "on". This enables irradiation of antagonist-treated HEK293T cells to be used to trigger temporal recovery of CREB-dependent transcriptional activity and endogenous gene expression under photolytic control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takuma Imoto
- Division
of Advanced Science and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Masafumi Minoshima
- Division
of Advanced Science and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Tatsushi Yokoyama
- Department
of Neurochemistry, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Ben P. Emery
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Bath, Bath BA2 7AY, United Kingdom
| | - Steven D. Bull
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Bath, Bath BA2 7AY, United Kingdom
| | - Haruhiko Bito
- Department
of Neurochemistry, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Kazuya Kikuchi
- Division
of Advanced Science and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
- Immunology
Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
- Quantum
Information and Quantum Biology Division, Institute for Open and Transdisciplinary
Research Initiatives, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
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Go MA, Mueller M, Castañares ML, Egger V, Daria VR. A compact holographic projector module for high-resolution 3D multi-site two-photon photostimulation. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0210564. [PMID: 30689635 PMCID: PMC6349413 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0210564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2017] [Accepted: 12/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Patterned two-photon (2P) photolysis via holographic illumination is a powerful method to investigate neuronal function because of its capability to emulate multiple synaptic inputs in three dimensions (3D) simultaneously. However, like any optical system, holographic projectors have a finite space-bandwidth product that restricts the spatial range of patterned illumination or field-of-view (FOV) for a desired resolution. Such trade-off between holographic FOV and resolution restricts the coverage within a limited domain of the neuron's dendritic tree to perform highly resolved patterned 2P photolysis on individual spines. Here, we integrate a holographic projector into a commercial 2P galvanometer-based 2D scanning microscope with an uncaging unit and extend the accessible holographic FOV by using the galvanometer scanning mirrors to reposition the holographic FOV arbitrarily across the imaging FOV. The projector system utilizes the microscope's built-in imaging functions. Stimulation positions can be selected from within an acquired 3D image stack (the volume-of-interest, VOI) and the holographic projector then generates 3D illumination patterns with multiple uncaging foci. The imaging FOV of our system is 800×800 μm2 within which a holographic VOI of 70×70×70 μm3 can be chosen at arbitrary positions and also moved during experiments without moving the sample. We describe the design and alignment protocol as well as the custom software plugin that controls the 3D positioning of stimulation sites. We demonstrate the neurobiological application of the system by simultaneously uncaging glutamate at multiple spines within dendritic domains and consequently observing summation of postsynaptic potentials at the soma, eventually resulting in action potentials. At the same time, it is possible to perform two-photon Ca2+ imaging in 2D in the dendrite and thus to monitor synaptic Ca2+ entry in selected spines and also local regenerative events such as dendritic action potentials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary Ann Go
- Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, South Kensington, SW7 2AZ London, United Kingdom
| | - Max Mueller
- Neurophysiology, Institute of Zoology, Universität Regensburg, 93040 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Michael Lawrence Castañares
- Eccles Institute of Neuroscience, John Curtin School of Medical Research, The Australian National University, Canberra, 0200 ACT, Australia
| | - Veronica Egger
- Neurophysiology, Institute of Zoology, Universität Regensburg, 93040 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Vincent R. Daria
- Eccles Institute of Neuroscience, John Curtin School of Medical Research, The Australian National University, Canberra, 0200 ACT, Australia
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Anastasiades PG, Marques-Smith A, Butt SJB. Studies of cortical connectivity using optical circuit mapping methods. J Physiol 2017; 596:145-162. [PMID: 29110301 DOI: 10.1113/jp273463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2017] [Accepted: 10/11/2017] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
An important consideration when probing the function of any neuron is to uncover the source of synaptic input onto the cell, its intrinsic physiology and efferent targets. Over the years, electrophysiological approaches have generated considerable insight into these properties in a variety of cortical neuronal subtypes and circuits. However, as researchers explore neuronal function in greater detail, they are increasingly turning to optical techniques to bridge the gap between local network interactions and behaviour. The application of optical methods has increased dramatically over the past decade, spurred on by the optogenetic revolution. In this review, we provide an account of recent innovations, providing researchers with a primer detailing circuit mapping strategies in the cerebral cortex. We will focus on technical aspects of performing neurotransmitter uncaging and channelrhodopsin-assisted circuit mapping, with the aim of identifying common pitfalls that can negatively influence the collection of reliable data.
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Mahmoudi P, Veladi H, Pakdel FG. Optogenetics, Tools and Applications in Neurobiology. JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SIGNALS & SENSORS 2017; 7:71-79. [PMID: 28553579 PMCID: PMC5437765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Comprehension of the brain function can be helpful for therapy of neurodegenerative diseases. The brain consists of various types of neuron sets, which organize in three-dimensional complex networks and form neural circuits underlying different behaviors. The circuits act based on the patterns that encode the brain functions. Recognition of the neural patterns requires methods to manipulate the neurons. Electrical stimulation may be the most common method. However, it has significant drawbacks including failure to identify specific neurons in experiments. As an alternative, optical stimulation is a new method that acts in combination with genetic approaches. The novel, optogenetic technology makes it feasible to manipulate either the specific cell types or the neural circuits. This is associated with minimum tissue damages as well as side effects. In this study, a new technology has been introduced, and then its optical and genetical tools have been investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parisa Mahmoudi
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Payame Noor University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hadi Veladi
- Microsystem Fabrication Lab, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Firooz G. Pakdel
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
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