The supplementation of female dogs with live yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae var. boulardii CNCM I-1079 acts as gut stabilizer at whelping and modulates immunometabolic phenotype of the puppies

Effect of yeast probiotic Saccharomyces cerevisiae on the gut health of dogs undergoing rapid dietary transition

Introduction

Rapid dietary transition in dogs can disturb the balance of gut microbiota, resulting in symptoms such as diarrhea and compromised immune function. Yeast probiotic (Saccharomyces cerevisiae), has been shown to improve intestinal microbial composition and stimulate immune function. This study aims to investigate the effects of yeast probiotic Saccharomyces cerevisiae supplementation on hematology, serum biochemistry, fecal IgA, microbiota, and metabolites in dogs undergoing rapid dietary transition.

Methods

Twenty healthy adult dogs were allocated into two groups: the control group (CON) and the yeast probiotic supplementation (YPS). All dogs were initially fed Diet 1 for 4 weeks, followed by an abrupt switch to Diet 2 for another 4 weeks. Throughout the study, the YPS group received 0.1% Actisaf® Sc 50 product in a capsule given with their food, while the control group received a placebo.

Results

Compared to the CON group, the YPS group exhibited lower serum globulin levels and higher albumin-to-globulin ratios on days 28 and 56 (p < 0.05). On day 56, the YPS group showed lower white blood cell counts and lower serum glucose levels (p < 0.05). Fecal IgA concentrations were higher in the YPS group on days 28, 30, 42, and 56 (p < 0.05). In the CON group, the abundance of Firmicutes significantly increased and the abundance of Fusobacteriota and Bacteroidota significantly decreased on days 42 compared to day 28 (q < 0.05). The YPS group showed a more stable gut microbiota transition post-dietary change. In the CON group, no significant changes in metabolite composition were observed 2 days after the dietary transition, but notable changes appeared after 2 weeks. In contrast, the YPS group exhibited substantial changes in metabolite composition 2 days after the diet change. Tyrosine metabolism showed significant changes in both groups of dogs following the dietary transition.

Conclusion

Saccharomyces cerevisiae supplementation during rapid dietary transition in dogs led to beneficial changes in blood parameters, increased fecal IgA levels, and promoted a more stable gut microbiota. These findings suggest that yeast probiotics may support gut health and immune function during periods of dietary change.

Influence of Probiotic Administration in Canine Feed: A Comprehensive Review

Dogs are cherished companions, and in today's world, pets are increasingly regarded as family members. Pet owners are placing growing emphasis on their animals' health, particularly for dogs. Probiotics, which are living bacteria that benefit the host when given in sufficient quantities, have drawn a lot of interest in the veterinary nutrition community due to their beneficial effects on companion animals, including dogs. This study emphasizes the advantages of adding probiotics to canine diets in order to enhance the health of the gut flora and the technologies used to incorporate probiotics into canine feed. It looks at the best ways to deal with common dog health problems, highlighting probiotics as a helpful substitute for antibiotics, which can have serious adverse effects, encourage bacterial resistance, and disturb the gut's microbial ecology, which is necessary for digesting. Such disruptions are linked to chronic inflammatory enteropathy and obesity in dogs. This paper also examines biotechnological advancements in probiotic incorporation methods in dog feed, aiming to optimize their health benefits. Probiotic feed supplements may thus represent a promising approach to advancing canine health care, providing a natural adjunct to conventional treatments and preventive measures.

Maternal oral supplementation with Saccharomyces boulardii I-1079 during gestation and early lactation impacts the early growth rate and metabolic profile of newborn puppies

Nutritional programming is a manipulation of fetal and neonatal development through maternal feeding. In humans and pigs, maternal yeast supplementation was demonstrated as a promising approach to positively to modulate newborns' health. This study aimed to investigate the effects of Saccharomyces cerevisiae var. boulardii CNCM I-1079 (SB) supplementation in pregnant and lactating bitches on the newborns' early growth rate (EGR, between birth and 2 days of life), metabolic profiles, and the association between both of them. A total of 17 female dogs and their 81 puppies were included. From day 28 of gestation until the end of the study, bitches were divided into two groups, one of which received orally 1.3 × 109 colony forming units of live yeast per day. Puppies from mothers receiving the live yeast were defined as the SB group (n = 40) and the others were defined as the placebo group (n = 4 1). For each puppy, EGR was calculated, and blood and urine samples were collected at D2 for metabolome analysis using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LCMS). Puppies from the SB group presented higher EGR compared with the placebo group (12% vs. 7%; p = 0.049). According to the Sparse Partial Least Squares Discriminant Analysis (sPLS-DA), both urine and serum metabolome profiles were significantly different between the two groups with a total of 29 discriminating metabolites in urine and serum. Fourteen of them were implicated in the nitrogen metabolism pathway including, gamma-aminobutyrate, 3-methyl-l-histidine and xanthosine (less abundant in SB compared with placebo group, all p < 0.05), adenine, aspartate and proline (more abundant in SB compared with placebo group, all p < 0.05). Metabolic pathways pointed to proline synthesis, a crucial component in collagen synthesis and osteoarticular system development. Urinary proline abundance was positively correlated with EGR (r = 0.45; p < 0.001). These findings highlight the potential benefits of maternal supplementation with SB promoting early neonatal growth, essential for the neonatal survival, through nitrogen metabolism orientation.

Impact of Saccharomyces cerevisiae on the intestinal microbiota of dogs with antibiotic-induced dysbiosis

Introduction

The gut microbiota plays an important role in the health of dogs, but treatment with antibiotics causes marked dysbiosis. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the impact of yeast probiotic Saccharomyces cerevisiae supplementation on the fecal microbiota of dogs and its potential to prevent dysbiosis induced by antibiotics.

Methods

Twenty healthy adult dogs were divided into a control and a yeast probiotic group receiving 1g/kg of S. cerevisiae (Actisaf®, Phileo by Lesaffre, Marcq-en-Barœul, France) daily from D0 to D31. Both groups were given oral metronidazole from D11 to D17. Fecal swabs were collected on D0, 3, 11, 17, 20, 24, and 31 for microbiota analysis and blood on D0 and D24 for measurements of cytokines and cortisol.

Results and discussion

At D0, two distinct microbiota profiles comprised of dogs from both groups, control and probiotic, were identified. One profile had higher abundances of species related to stress and inflammation, and the other comprised species associated with good intestinal health. After three days of supplementation with yeast probiotic S. cerevisiae, all five dogs from the probiotic group having a stress-related microbiota (membership) shifted to a healthy microbiota. Metronidazole markedly changed the microbiota of both groups (p <0.001). Still, treated dogs had significantly different microbiota on D17 (end of antibiotics treatment). The dysbiosis was resolved in both groups by D24. TNF-α remarkably decreased from D0 to D24 (p = 0.002) in the probiotic group, which also had lower levels than controls on D24 (p = 0.040). There were no significant differences in the other measured cytokines. It was concluded that the use of yeast probiotic S. cerevisiae positively shifted the microbiota composition of healthy adult dogs carrying an abnormal microbial profile and that it has the potential to attenuate the dysbiosis caused by oral metronidazole.