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Futoh Y, Miyato H, Yamaguchi H, Matsumiya M, Takahashi R, Kaneko Y, Kimura Y, Ohzawa H, Sata N, Kitayama J, Hosoya Y. Vagus nerve signal has an inhibitory influence on the development of peritoneal metastasis in murine gastric cancer. Sci Rep 2024; 14:7832. [PMID: 38570542 PMCID: PMC10991300 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-58440-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024] Open
Abstract
The vagus nerve is the only pathway for transmitting parasympathetic signals between the brain and thoracoabdominal organs, thereby exhibiting anti-inflammatory functions through the cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway. Despite often being resected during lymph node dissection in upper gastrointestinal cancer surgery, the impact of vagotomy on postoperative outcomes in gastric cancer patients remains unclear. Sub-diaphragmatic vagotomy was performed on C57BL/6 mice. Three weeks later, syngeneic murine gastric cancer cell line YTN16P was injected into the peritoneal cavity, and the number of peritoneal metastases (PM) on the mesentery and omentum compared with control mice. The phenotypes of immune cells in peritoneal lavage and omental milky spots one day after tumor inoculation were analyzed using flow cytometry and immunohistochemistry. Intraperitoneal transfer of 3 × 105 YTN16P significantly increased the number of metastatic nodules on the mesentery in the vagotomy group compared to the control group. The omental metastasis grade was also significantly higher in the vagotomy group. Phenotypic analysis of immune cells in peritoneal lavage did not reveal significant differences after vagotomy. However, vagotomized mice exhibited a notable increase in milky spot area, with a higher presence of cytokeratin(+) tumor cells, F4/80(+) macrophages, and CD3(+) T cells. Vagus nerve signaling appears to regulate the immune response dynamics within milky spots against disseminated tumor cells and inhibits the development of PM. Preserving the vagus nerve may offer advantages in advanced gastric cancer surgery to reduce peritoneal recurrence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yurie Futoh
- Department of Surgery, Division of Gastroenterological, General and Transplant Surgery, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke, Japan
| | - Hideyo Miyato
- Department of Surgery, Division of Gastroenterological, General and Transplant Surgery, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke, Japan.
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Jichi Medical University Hospital, Yakushiji 3311-1, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, 329-0498, Japan.
| | - Hironori Yamaguchi
- Department of Surgery, Division of Gastroenterological, General and Transplant Surgery, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke, Japan
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Jichi Medical University Hospital, Yakushiji 3311-1, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, 329-0498, Japan
| | - Misaki Matsumiya
- Department of Surgery, Division of Gastroenterological, General and Transplant Surgery, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke, Japan
| | - Rei Takahashi
- Department of Surgery, Division of Gastroenterological, General and Transplant Surgery, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke, Japan
| | - Yuki Kaneko
- Department of Surgery, Division of Gastroenterological, General and Transplant Surgery, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke, Japan
| | - Yuki Kimura
- Department of Surgery, Division of Gastroenterological, General and Transplant Surgery, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke, Japan
| | - Hideyuki Ohzawa
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Jichi Medical University Hospital, Yakushiji 3311-1, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, 329-0498, Japan
| | - Naohiro Sata
- Department of Surgery, Division of Gastroenterological, General and Transplant Surgery, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke, Japan
| | - Joji Kitayama
- Department of Surgery, Division of Gastroenterological, General and Transplant Surgery, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke, Japan
- Center for Clinical Research, Jichi Medical University Hospital, Shimotsuke, Japan
| | - Yoshinori Hosoya
- Department of Surgery, Division of Gastroenterological, General and Transplant Surgery, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke, Japan
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Liu Y, Wang L, Du W, Huang Y, Guo Y, Song C, Tian Z, Niu S, Xie J, Liu J, Cheng C, Shen W. Identification of high-risk factors associated with mortality at 1-, 3-, and 5-year intervals in gastric cancer patients undergoing radical surgery and immunotherapy: an 8-year multicenter retrospective analysis. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2023; 13:1207235. [PMID: 37325512 PMCID: PMC10264693 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1207235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Combining immunotherapy with surgical intervention is a prevailing and radical therapeutic strategy for individuals afflicted with gastric carcinoma; nonetheless, certain patients exhibit unfavorable prognoses even subsequent to this treatment regimen. This research endeavors to devise a machine learning algorithm to recognize risk factors with a high probability of inducing mortality among patients diagnosed with gastric cancer, both prior to and during their course of treatment. Methods Within the purview of this investigation, a cohort of 1015 individuals with gastric cancer were incorporated, and 39 variables encompassing diverse features were recorded. To construct the models, we employed three distinct machine learning algorithms, specifically extreme gradient boosting (XGBoost), random forest (RF), and k-nearest neighbor algorithm (KNN). The models were subjected to internal validation through employment of the k-fold cross-validation technique, and subsequently, an external dataset was utilized to externally validate the models. Results In comparison to other machine learning algorithms employed, the XGBoost algorithm demonstrated superior predictive capacity regarding the risk factors that affect mortality after combination therapy in gastric cancer patients for a duration of one year, three years, and five years posttreatment. The common risk factors that significantly impacted patient survival during the aforementioned time intervals were identified as advanced age, tumor invasion, tumor lymph node metastasis, tumor peripheral nerve invasion (PNI), multiple tumors, tumor size, carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) level, carbohydrate antigen 125 (CA125) level, carbohydrate antigen 72-4 (CA72-4) level, and H. pylori infection. Conclusion The XGBoost algorithm can assist clinicians in identifying pivotal prognostic factors that are of clinical significance and can contribute toward individualized patient monitoring and management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Liu
- Department of General Surgery, Wuxi People’s Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, China
| | - Lanyu Wang
- Department of Urology, Wuxi People’s Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, China
| | - Wenyi Du
- Department of General Surgery, Wuxi People’s Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, China
| | - Yukang Huang
- Department of General Surgery, Wuxi People’s Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, China
| | - Yi Guo
- Department of General Practice, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Chen Song
- Department of General Surgery, Wuxi People’s Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, China
| | - Zhiqiang Tian
- Department of General Surgery, Wuxi People’s Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, China
| | - Sen Niu
- Department of General Surgery, Wuxi People’s Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, China
| | - Jiaheng Xie
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jinhui Liu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Chao Cheng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Wuxi People’s Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, China
| | - Wei Shen
- Department of General Surgery, Wuxi People’s Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, China
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Zhao X, Yu Z, Zang K, Yang D. Platelet-Derived Growth Factors Affect Clinical Features and Prognosis of Gastric Cancer. Journal of Oncology 2022; 2022:1-6. [PMID: 36035313 PMCID: PMC9410949 DOI: 10.1155/2022/2108368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Purpose. To investigate the association of platelet-derived growth factors (PDGFs), clinicopathological features, and prognosis in gastric cancer patients. Methods. Tumor specimens of 180 individuals with gastric cancer treated between 2016 and 2020 were collected. Immunohistochemical staining and Western blot (WB) were used to detect the expression of PDGF-B and PDGF-D. The relationship between the expression of PDGF-B and PDGF-D and relapse-free subsistence (RFS) time was assessed using Kaplan–Meier curves. Univariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to evaluate the relationship between the expression of PDGF-B and PDGF-D and the prognosis and clinicopathological features in gastric cancer patients. Results. High expression of PDGF-B and PDGF-D was detected in 108 (60%) and 137 (76%) tumor specimens, respectively. The expressions of PDGF-B and PDGF-D were independent predictive indicators in multivariate analysis when compared to tumor depth, tumor stage, lymph node metastasis, and RFS (
). Conclusion. The high expression of PDGF-B and PDGF-D in gastric cancer tissues is associated with poor prognosis and poor survival rate of the patients. The expression of PDGF-B and PDGF-D can be used as important indicators to evaluate the biological behavior and prognosis of gastric cancer.
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