Refined Temporal-to-Frontal Horn Shunt for Treatment of Trapped Temporal Horn After Surgery of Peri- or Intraventricular Tumor: A Case Series Study

Shunt, endoscopic, and microsurgical management of trapped temporal horn following resection of lateral ventricle trigonal or peritrigonal tumors: A retrospective multicenter study

OBJECTIVE

To investigate the surgical management and outcomes of trapped temporal horn (TTH) following resection of lateral ventricle trigonal or peritrigonal tumors.

METHODS

Patients who underwent surgical treatment for TTH in three different tertiary centers between 2012 and 2022 were retrospectively studied. The primary outcome was reoperation rate.

RESULTS

Thirty-one patients were included for analysis. The underlying pathology was meningioma in 17 patients, central neurocytoma in 7, glioma in 4, ependymoma in 2, and cavernous malformation in 1. The median KPS score was 50 (range 10-90) and the mean volume of TTH was 53.1 ± 29.9 cm³ (range 14.8-118.6). Six patients (19.3 %) required multiple operations. A total of 39 procedures were performed, including 28 CSF shunting, 2 endoscopic septostomy, 3 microsurgical fenestration or temporal tip lobectomy via craniotomy, 2 decompressive craniectomy (DC), and 4 shunt revisions. Reoperation rates according to procedure were as follows: 10.7 % (3/28) for CSF shunting, 50 % (1/2) for endoscopic septostomy, 100 % (2/2) for DC, and 0 (0/3) for microsurgical fenestration or temporal tip lobectomy. CSF shunting tended to have a lower reoperation rate compared to other surgical approaches (p = 0.079). The reoperation rate was significantly higher for DC than for other surgical techniques (p = 0.025).

CONCLUSION

CSF shunting was the most frequently used technique with a relatively low revision rate. Long-term patency can be achieved through endoscopic septostomy in selected patients. Microsurgical fenestration or temporal tip lobectomy should be reserved for refractory cases. DC has limited effectiveness and should not be recommended.

Trapped temporal horn: From theory to practice, a systematic review of current understanding and future perspectives

Background

The Entrapped Temporal Horn (ETH) is characterized by localized enlargement of the temporal horn of the lateral ventricle of the brain. This study aimed to investigate the factors, development, prognosis, and effective treatment.

Methods

Following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines, a systematic search was conducted in major research databases. The inclusion criteria included patients of all ages with TTH diagnosis in cohort studies, case series, and case reports.

Results

Our study included 160 patients and 49 studies. The major causes of TTH were neoplastic lesions (42.3%), infections (22.3%), and cystic disease (13.08%). Of these cases, 71 were unrelated to cranial surgery, while 89 were unrelated to prior surgeries. Headache was the most common symptom (41.91%), followed by seizures (13.20%), drowsiness (12.50%) and memory loss (11.00%). Surgery was not required in 17 patients. Fenestration of the trapped temporal horn was performed in 24 patients, while VP/VA shunt surgeries were performed in the majority (57 patients) owing to favorable outcomes, lower revision rates, and extensive experience. However, TTH recurred in six of the 21 patients who underwent endoscopic ventriculocisternostomy. Tumors were the main cause, and isolated headache was the most frequent symptom. Ventriculoperitoneal shunts (VPS) are preferred because of their positive outcomes, lower revision rates, and wider expertise. Tumors near the trigonal area pose a higher risk.

Conclusion

Although TTH remains a rare condition, VPS continues to be the most widely preferred procedure among surgeons.

Intraventricular Shunt as a Treatment for Entrapped Temporal Horn After Removal of Ventricular Meningioma: A Report of Two Cases

Entrapped temporal horn (ETH) is a complication following resection of ventricular trigone tumors. It is a special localized hydrocephalus. Obstruction of cerebrospinal fluid outflow following resection of ventricular trigone tumors leads to dilation of the temporal horn and the production of the local space-occupying effect. This article presents two cases of ETH following the resection of ventricular trigone tumors. Our Intraventricular shunt is an effective treatment that uses a T-connector to connect a reservoir with two catheters. We presented temporal-frontal horn shunt and trigone-front horn shunt. A patient presented with ETH shunt dependency. Our intraventricular shunt surgery achieved a good prognosis.

Comparison of temporal-to-frontal horn shunt and ventriculo-peritoneal shunt for treatment of trapped temporal horn: a retrospective cohort study

As a localized hydrocephalus, trapped temporal horn (TTH) can be effectively resolved via cerebrospinal fluid shunting. In addition to conventional ventriculo-peritoneal shunt (VPS), temporal-to-frontal horn shunt (TFHS) has been described as a less complex and invasive procedure with promising results; however, there is limited data comparing VPS to TFHS regarding patient outcomes. This study aims to compare TFHS versus VPS for treatment of TTH. We conducted a comparative cohort study with patients undergoing TFHS or VPS for TTH after surgery of trigonal or peritrigonal tumors between 2012 and 2021. The primary outcome was revision rates at 30-day, 6-month, and 1-year. Secondary outcomes included operative duration, postoperative pain, hospital stay, overdrainage, and cost for shunt placement and revision. A total of 24 patients included, with 13 (54.2%) patients receiving TFHS and 11 (45.8%) receiving VPS. Both cohorts shared similar baseline characteristics. There were no significant differences between TFHS and VPS in 30-day (7.7% vs 9.1%, p > 0.99), 6-month (7.7% vs 18.2%, p = 0.576), or 1-year (8.3% vs 18.2%, p = 0.590) revision rates. There were no significant differences in terms of operative duration (93.5 ± 24.1 vs 90.5 ± 29.6 min, p = 0.744), surgical site pain (0 vs 18.2%, p = 0.199), or postoperative length of stay (4.8 ± 2.6 vs 6.9 ± 4.0 days, p = 0.157) between the two groups. For the TFHS cohort, no patient experienced shunt related overdrainage, and there was a trend towards fewer overdrainage (0% vs 27.3%, p = 0.082) compared with VPS. TFHS offered significant reduction in cost for initial shunt (¥20,417 vs ¥33,314, p = 0.030) and total costs for shunt and revision (¥21,602 vs ¥43,196, p = 0.006) compared to VPS. As a technique of valveless shunt and without abdominal incision, TFHS is cosmetic, cost-effective, and completely free of overdrainage with similar revision rates as compared with VPS.