1
|
Chern B, Pinto D, Lum JH, Parameswaran R. Nearly Half of Patients with Anaplastic Thyroid Cancer May Be Amenable to Immunotherapy. Biomedicines 2024; 12:1304. [PMID: 38927511 PMCID: PMC11201491 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12061304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2024] [Revised: 06/07/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Poorly differentiated cancer (PDC) and anaplastic thyroid cancer (ATC) have an aggressive course of disease with limited treatment options. The expression of programmed cell death ligand-1 (PD-L1) has been used to determine the responses of many cancers to immunotherapy. The aim of the study was to investigate the expression of PD-L1 in a cohort of patients with PDC and ATC to assess their suitability for immunotherapy. Data, settings, and participants: This study is a retrospective cohort review of patients treated for PDC and ATC treated at a tertiary referral institution during the period 2000-2020. PD-L1 22C3 pharmDx qualitative immunohistochemistry was performed on formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded (FFPE) specimens of tumours to detect the presence of the PD-L1 protein. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES The percentage of tumours that were positive for PD-L1 immunohistochemistry and the PD-L1 protein expression as measured by using the Tumour Proportion Score (TPS). Secondary outcomes studied were the associations between demographic, clinicopathological, treatment and disease outcomes and PD-L1 expression. RESULTS Nineteen patients (12F:7M) with a mean age of 65.4 (±14.3 SD) years were diagnosed with PDC in 4 (21%) and fifteen were diagnosed with ATC (79%) during the study period. Fifteen (79%) patients underwent some form of surgery, with R0 resection achieved in only three of the fifteen (20%) patients. Overall, PD-L1 expression was seen in seven of the fifteen (47%) of the patients with ATC, with no positivity seen in the patients with PDC. PD-L1 expression had no impact on treatment modality and positive expression was not significantly associated with stage of disease, metastasis, or survival. CONCLUSION Nearly half of patients with ATC express PD-L1 and may be amenable to immunotherapy with pembrolizumab.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Beverley Chern
- Division of Endocrine Surgery, National University Hospital Health System, Lower Kent Ridge Road, Singapore 119074, Singapore; (B.C.); (D.P.)
| | - Diluka Pinto
- Division of Endocrine Surgery, National University Hospital Health System, Lower Kent Ridge Road, Singapore 119074, Singapore; (B.C.); (D.P.)
- Division of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Kelaniya, Thalagolla Road, Colombo P.O. Box 6, Sri Lanka
| | - Jeffrey Hy Lum
- Department of Pathology, National University Hospital, Singapore 119074, Singapore;
| | - Rajeev Parameswaran
- Division of Endocrine Surgery, National University Hospital Health System, Lower Kent Ridge Road, Singapore 119074, Singapore; (B.C.); (D.P.)
- Department of Surgery, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, Level 8, IE Kent Ridge Road, Singapore 119228, Singapore
- NUS Centre for Cancer Research, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119077, Singapore
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Zhang C, Zhou Y, Chen T, Bhushan S, Sun S, Zhang P, Yang Y. Isocitrate dehydrogenase 2 regulates the proliferation of triple-negative breast cancer through the ferroptosis pathway. Sci Rep 2024; 14:4732. [PMID: 38413708 PMCID: PMC10899212 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-55561-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is currently the type of breast cancer with the worst prognosis; it lacks specific treatments, such as ER/PR antagonistic endocrine and anti-HER2 targeted therapies. Although immunotherapy with immune checkpoints has shown some efficacy in many solid tumors, clinical data in TNBC suggest significant limitations. The essence of ferroptosis is the impaired metabolism of intracellular lipid oxides, which in turn causes the activation and abnormalities of the immune system, including ROS, and not only plays an important role in liver injury and organ aging but also a large amount of data points to the close correlation between the ferroptosis process and tumor development. In this study, through the analysis of large-throughput biological data of breast tumors, combined with the characteristics of the biological process of ferroptosis, the specific gene IDH2 was found to be significantly highly expressed in TNBC and functionally correlated with ferroptosis. Through clinical specimens validated at the gene and protein levels, in vitro tumor cell line validation, and in vivo mouse models, we found that the high expression of IDH2 in TNBC has a role in inhibiting the ferroptosis process in TNBC, thus promoting the proliferation of TNBC cells and other malignant features.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chengwu Zhang
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Hubei General Hospital, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430000, China
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Yichang Central People's Hospital, The First Clinical College of Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443000, China
- The First Clinical College of Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443000, China
| | - Yuanhong Zhou
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Yichang Central People's Hospital, The First Clinical College of Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443000, China
- The First Clinical College of Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443000, China
- Yichang Central People's Hospital, The First Clinical College of Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443000, China
| | - Tao Chen
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Yichang Central People's Hospital, The First Clinical College of Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443000, China
- The First Clinical College of Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443000, China
| | - Sudhanshu Bhushan
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Unit of Reproductive Biology, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, 35390, Giessen, Germany
| | - Shengrong Sun
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Hubei General Hospital, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430000, China.
| | - Panshi Zhang
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430000, China.
| | - Yalong Yang
- Department of Breast Surgery, Hubei Cancer Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430000, China.
| |
Collapse
|