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Xiao Z, Liu X, Luan X, Duan R, Peng W, Tong C, Qiao J, Qi H. Glucose uptake in trophoblasts of GDM mice is regulated by the AMPK-CLUT3 signaling pathway. Sci Rep 2024; 14:12051. [PMID: 38802412 PMCID: PMC11130200 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-61719-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
GDM, as a metabolic disease during pregnancy, regulates GLUT3 translocation by AMPK, thereby affecting glucose uptake in trophoblasts. It provides a new research idea and therapeutic target for alleviating intrauterine hyperglycemia in GDM. STZ was used to construct GDM mice, inject AICAR into pregnant mice, and observe fetal and placental weight; flow cytometry was employed for the detection of glucose uptake by primary trophoblast cells; immunofluorescence was applied to detect the localization of GLUT3 and AMPK in placental tissue; Cocofal microscope was used to detect the localization of GLUT3 in trophoblast cells;qRT-PCR and Western blot experiments were carried out to detect the expression levels of GLUT3 and AMPK in placental tissue; CO-IP was utilized to detect the interaction of GLUT3 and AMPK. Compared with the normal pregnancy group, the weight of the fetus and placenta of GDM mice increased (P < 0.001), and the ability of trophoblasts to take up glucose decreased (P < 0.001). In addition, AMPK activity in trophoblasts and membrane localization of GLUT3 in GDM mice were down-regulated compared with normal pregnant mice (P < 0.05). There is an interaction between GLUT3 and AMPK. Activating AMPK in trophoblasts can up-regulate the expression of GLUT3 membrane protein in trophoblasts of mice (P < 0.05) and increase the glucose uptake of trophoblasts (P < 0.05). We speculate that inhibition of AMPK activity in GDM mice results in aberrant localization of GLUT3, which in turn attenuates glucose uptake by placental trophoblast cells. AICAR activates AMPK to increase the membrane localization of GLUT3 and improve the glucose uptake capacity of trophoblasts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenghua Xiao
- Department of Obstetrics, Yongchuan Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 402160, People's Republic of China
| | - Xue Liu
- Department of Obstetrics, Yongchuan Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 402160, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaojin Luan
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Maternal and Fetal Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, People's Republic of China
| | - Ran Duan
- Department of Obstetrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Youyi Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400016, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Peng
- Department of Obstetrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Youyi Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400016, People's Republic of China
| | - Chao Tong
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Maternal and Fetal Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, People's Republic of China
| | - Juan Qiao
- Department of Obstetrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Youyi Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400016, People's Republic of China.
| | - Hongbo Qi
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Maternal and Fetal Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, People's Republic of China.
- Women and Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 401147, People's Republic of China.
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Li J, Pan Y, Zheng Q, Chen X, Jiang X, Liu R, Zhu Y, Huang L. Risk factors and glycaemic control in small-for-gestational-age infants born to mothers with gestational diabetes mellitus: a case-control study using propensity score matching based on a large population. BMJ Open 2024; 14:e078325. [PMID: 38199619 PMCID: PMC10806598 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2023-078325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Small for gestational age (SGA) poses a significant concern for newborns, being linked to neonatal complications and potential metabolic disorders in adulthood, especially when born to mothers with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), elevating their risk of complications and mortality. However, the pregnancy risk factors and glycaemic control associated with SGA infants born to mothers with GDM remain unclear. AIM To identify the pregnancy risk factors and glycaemic control associated with SGA infants born to mothers with GDM. METHOD This case-control study was conducted among 1910 women with GDM in China. Data were collected by the integrated electronic medical record system. Using 1:4 propensity score matching analysis, we adjusted for gestational age as confounder. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to identify risk factors. RESULTS Risk factors for SGA born to mothers with GDM included a history of low birth weight, gestational hypertension, oligohydramnios, short maternal height, underweight pre-pregnancy body mass index and inadequate weight growth. While SGA was protected by weakly positive ketonuria levels in the first trimester, multiparous, anaemia and previous uterine scar were protective factors for SGA. Moreover, 2-hour postprandial glucose and haemoglobin A1c in the second trimester, as well as the 0-hour and 2-hour 75 g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) were linked to risk of SGA. CONCLUSIONS SGA infants are the result of multifactorial interactions among GDM pregnant women. Notably, glycaemic control levels were associated with SGA. There is a need for enhanced perinatal monitoring and antenatal care to reduce SGA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianing Li
- Fujian Medical University School of Nursing, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
- Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital, College of Clinical Medicine for Obstetric & Gynecology and Pediatrics, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Yuqing Pan
- Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital, College of Clinical Medicine for Obstetric & Gynecology and Pediatrics, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Qingxiang Zheng
- Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital, College of Clinical Medicine for Obstetric & Gynecology and Pediatrics, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Xiaoqian Chen
- Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital, College of Clinical Medicine for Obstetric & Gynecology and Pediatrics, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Xiumin Jiang
- Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital, College of Clinical Medicine for Obstetric & Gynecology and Pediatrics, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Rulin Liu
- Fujian Medical University School of Nursing, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
- Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital, College of Clinical Medicine for Obstetric & Gynecology and Pediatrics, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Yu Zhu
- Fujian Medical University School of Nursing, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
- Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital, College of Clinical Medicine for Obstetric & Gynecology and Pediatrics, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Ling Huang
- Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital, College of Clinical Medicine for Obstetric & Gynecology and Pediatrics, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
- Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine School of Nursing, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
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Huang D, Liang M, Xu B, Chen S, Xiao Y, Liu H, Yin D, Yang J, Wang L, Pan P, Yang Y, Zhou W, Chen J. The association of insufficient gestational weight gain in women with gestational diabetes mellitus with adverse infant outcomes: A case-control study. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1054626. [PMID: 36908424 PMCID: PMC9996046 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1054626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Background To investigate the association between insufficient maternal gestational weight gain (GWG) during dietary treatment, and neonatal complications of small-for-gestational-age (SGA) infants born to mothers with Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Methods A retrospective case-control study was conducted, involving 1,651 infants born to mothers with GDM. The prevalence of a perinatal outcome and maternal GWG were compared among SGA, adequate- (AGA), and large-for-gestational-age (LGA); association with birth weight and GWG was identified using Pearson's correlation analysis; binary logistic regression was performed to determine the odds ratio (OR) associated with SGA. Results In total, 343 SGA, 1025 AGA, and 283 LGA infants met inclusion criteria. The frequency of SGA infants who were siblings (41.7 vs. 4.3 vs. 1.9%) and composite of complications (19.2 vs. 12.0 vs. 11.7%) were higher in SGA infants than in those in AGA or LGA infants group (both P < 0.01). GWG and pre-partum BMI were lower among the SGA mothers with GDM group (11.7 ± 4.5 kg, 25.2 ± 3.1 kg/m2) than AGA (12.3 ± 4.6 kg, 26.3 ± 3.4 kg/m2) or LGA (14.0 ± 5.1 kg, 28.7 ± 3.9 kg/m2) mothers with GDM group. Binary logistic regression showed that siblings who were SGA (AOR 18.06, 95% CI [10.83-30.13]) and preeclampsia (AOR 3.12, 95% CI [1.34-7.30]) were associated with SGA, but not GWG below guidelines (P > 0.05). The risk of SGA (25.7 vs. 19.1 vs. 14.2%) and FGR (15.3 vs. 10.9 vs. 7.8%) was higher in GWG below guidelines group than those in GWG above and within guidelines group, the risk of low Apgar score (6.4 vs. 3.0 vs. 2.8%) was higher in GWG above guidelines group than that in GWG below and within guidelines group (P < 0.05). Conclusion Our findings demonstrated that GWG above and below guidelines, compared with GWG within guidelines, had a higher risk of adverse infant outcomes. Our findings also suggested that GWG below guidelines did not increase the risk for SGA, though SGA infants had more adverse outcomes among neonates born to mothers with GDM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dabin Huang
- Department of Neonatology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Centre, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Mulin Liang
- Department of Neonatology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bin Xu
- Medical Department, The First People's Hospital of Chenzhou, Chenzhou, China
| | - Shan Chen
- Department of Neonatology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Centre, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yan Xiao
- Department of Neonatology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Centre, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hui Liu
- Department of Neonatology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Centre, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dan Yin
- Rehabilitation Medicine Center, The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
| | - Jun Yang
- Advanced Institute of Natural Sciences, Beijing Normal University at Zhuhai, Zhuhai, China
| | - Ling Wang
- Department of Neonatology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Centre, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - PianPian Pan
- Department of Neonatology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Centre, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yihui Yang
- Department of Neonatology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Centre, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wei Zhou
- Department of Neonatology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Centre, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Neonatology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Juncao Chen
- Department of Neonatology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Centre, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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