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Choi HS, Kim J, Lee SB, Zhang L, Kwon D, Tran HNK, Zhang S, Huang T, Yu JS, Lee G, Yang HO. Euonymus hamiltonianus Extract Improves Amnesia in APPswe/Tau Transgenic and Scopolamine-Induced Dementia Models. Mol Neurobiol 2024:10.1007/s12035-024-04242-0. [PMID: 38801629 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-024-04242-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Dementia is a syndrome exhibiting progressive impairments on cognition and behavior beyond the normal course of aging, and Alzheimer's disease (AD) is one of the neurodegenerative diseases known to cause dementia. We investigated the effect of KGC07EH, the 30% ethanol extract of Euonymus hamiltonianus, against amyloid-β (Aβ) production and cognitive dysfunction in dementia models. KGC07EH was treated on Hela cells expressing the Swedish mutant form of amyloid precursor protein (APP), and the AD triple transgenic (3× TG) mice were given KGC07EH orally during 11-14 months of age (100 and 300 mg/kg/day). SH-SY5Y cell line was used to test KGC07EH on scopolamine-induced elevation of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity. ICR mice were intraperitoneally injected with scopolamine, and KGC07EH was administered orally (50, 100, and 200 mg/kg/day) for 4 weeks. KGC07EH treatment decreased Aβ, sAPPβ-sw, and sAPPβ-wt levels and APP protein expressions while sAPPα was increased in Swedish mutant-transfected HeLa cells. KGC07EH treatment also significantly reduced the accumulation of Aβ plaques and tau tangles in the brain of 3× TG mice as well as improving the cognitive function. In SH-SY5Y cells cultured with scopolamine, KGC07EH dose-dependently attenuated the increase of AChE activity. KGC07EH also improved scopolamine-induced learning and memory impairment in scopolamine-injected mice, and in their cerebral cortex and hippocampus, the expression levels of p-ERK, p-CREB, p-Akt, and BDNF were attenuated. KGC07EH inhibits APP processing and Aβ production both in vitro and in vivo, while enhancing acetylcholine signaling and cognitive dysfunction which are the major symptoms of dementia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyo-Sun Choi
- Department of Integrative Biological Sciences and Industry & Convergence Research Center for Natural Products, Sejong University, 209 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul, 05006, Republic of Korea
| | - Joonki Kim
- Natural Product Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, 679 Saimdang-ro, Gangneung, 25451, Gangwon-do, Republic of Korea
- Natural Product Applied Science, KIST School, University of Science and Technology, 679 Saimdang-ro, Gangneung, 25451, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Bin Lee
- Department of Integrative Biological Sciences and Industry & Convergence Research Center for Natural Products, Sejong University, 209 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul, 05006, Republic of Korea
| | - Lijun Zhang
- Natural Product Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, 679 Saimdang-ro, Gangneung, 25451, Gangwon-do, Republic of Korea
- Division of Bio-Medical Science & Technology, KIST School, University of Science and Technology, Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Dowan Kwon
- Natural Product Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, 679 Saimdang-ro, Gangneung, 25451, Gangwon-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Huynh Nguyen Khanh Tran
- Natural Product Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, 679 Saimdang-ro, Gangneung, 25451, Gangwon-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Siqi Zhang
- Natural Product Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, 679 Saimdang-ro, Gangneung, 25451, Gangwon-do, Republic of Korea
- Natural Product Applied Science, KIST School, University of Science and Technology, 679 Saimdang-ro, Gangneung, 25451, Republic of Korea
| | - Tianqi Huang
- Department of Integrative Biological Sciences and Industry & Convergence Research Center for Natural Products, Sejong University, 209 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul, 05006, Republic of Korea
- Division of Bio-Medical Science & Technology, KIST School, University of Science and Technology, Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Sik Yu
- Department of Integrative Biological Sciences and Industry & Convergence Research Center for Natural Products, Sejong University, 209 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul, 05006, Republic of Korea
| | - Gakyung Lee
- Department of Integrative Biological Sciences and Industry & Convergence Research Center for Natural Products, Sejong University, 209 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul, 05006, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Ok Yang
- Department of Integrative Biological Sciences and Industry & Convergence Research Center for Natural Products, Sejong University, 209 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul, 05006, Republic of Korea.
- Natural Product Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, 679 Saimdang-ro, Gangneung, 25451, Gangwon-do, Republic of Korea.
- Division of Bio-Medical Science & Technology, KIST School, University of Science and Technology, Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea.
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Lou Y, Zou X, Pan Z, Huang Z, Zheng S, Zheng X, Yang X, Bao M, Zhang Y, Gu J, Zhang Y. The mechanism of action of Botrychium (Thunb.) Sw. for prevention of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis based on 1H-NMR-based metabolomics. J Pharm Pharmacol 2024:rgae058. [PMID: 38776436 DOI: 10.1093/jpp/rgae058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aimed to reveal the anti-fibrotic effects of Botrychium ternatum (Thunb.) Sw. (BT) against idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) and to preliminarily analyze its potential mechanism on bleomycin-induced IPF rats. METHODS The inhibition of fibrosis progression in vivo was assessed by histopathology combined with biochemical indicators. In addition, the metabolic regulatory mechanism was investigated using 1H-nuclear magnetic resonance-based metabolomics combined with multivariate statistical analysis. KEY FINDINGS Firstly, biochemical analysis revealed that BT notably suppressed the expression of hydroxyproline and transforming growth factor-β1 in the pulmonary tissue. Secondly, Masson's trichrome staining and hematoxylin and eosin showed that BT substantially improved the structure of the damaged lung and significantly inhibited the proliferation of collagen fibers and the deposition of extracellular matrix. Finally, serum metabolomic analysis suggested that BT may exert anti-fibrotic effects by synergistically regulating tyrosine metabolism; phenylalanine, tyrosine and tryptophan biosynthesis; and synthesis and degradation of ketone bodies. CONCLUSIONS Our study not only clarifies the potential anti-fibrotic mechanism of BT against IPF at the metabolic level but also provides a theoretical basis for developing BT as an effective anti-fibrotic agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yutao Lou
- Department of Pharmacy, Center for Clinical Pharmacy, Cancer Center, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (Affiliated People's Hospital), Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, China
- College of Pharmacy, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, China
| | - Xiaozhou Zou
- Department of Pharmacy, Center for Clinical Pharmacy, Cancer Center, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (Affiliated People's Hospital), Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, China
| | - Zongfu Pan
- Department of Pharmacy, Center for Clinical Pharmacy, Cancer Center, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (Affiliated People's Hospital), Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, China
| | - Zhongjie Huang
- Department of Pharmacy, Center for Clinical Pharmacy, Cancer Center, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (Affiliated People's Hospital), Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, China
| | - Shuilian Zheng
- Department of Pharmacy, Center for Clinical Pharmacy, Cancer Center, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (Affiliated People's Hospital), Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, China
| | - Xiaowei Zheng
- Department of Pharmacy, Center for Clinical Pharmacy, Cancer Center, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (Affiliated People's Hospital), Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, China
| | - Xiuli Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, Center for Clinical Pharmacy, Cancer Center, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (Affiliated People's Hospital), Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, China
| | - Meihua Bao
- Academician Workstation, School of Stomatology, Changsha Medical University, Changsha, Hunan 410219, China
| | - Yuan Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Provincial People' s Hospital Bijie Hospital, Bijie, Guizhou 551799, China
| | - Jinping Gu
- College of Pharmacy, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, China
| | - Yiwen Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Center for Clinical Pharmacy, Cancer Center, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (Affiliated People's Hospital), Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, China
- Key Laboratory of Endocrine Gland Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (Affiliated People's Hospital), Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, China
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Liu X, Wang Y, Tian Y, Hu J, Liu Z, Ma Y, Xu W, Wang W, Gao J, Wang T. The Water Extract of Rhubarb Prevents Ischemic Stroke by Regulating Gut Bacteria and Metabolic Pathways. Metabolites 2024; 14:216. [PMID: 38668344 PMCID: PMC11052393 DOI: 10.3390/metabo14040216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2024] [Revised: 04/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Rhubarb (RR), Chinese name Dahuang, is commonly used in the treatment of ischemic stroke (IS). However, its potential mechanism is not fully elucidated. This study intended to verify the effect of RR on IS and investigate the possible mechanism of RR in preventing IS. IS in male rats was induced by embolic middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) surgery, and drug administration was applied half an hour before surgery. RR dramatically decreased the neurological deficit scores, the cerebral infarct volume, and the cerebral edema rate, and improved the regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) and histopathological changes in the brain of MCAO rats. The 16S rRNA analysis showed the harmful microbes such as Fournierella and Bilophila were decreased, and the beneficial microbes such as Enterorhabdus, Defluviitaleaceae, Christensenellaceae, and Lachnospira were significantly increased, after RR pretreatment. 1H-nuclear magnetic resonance (1H-NMR) was used to detect serum metabolomics, and RR treatment significantly changed the levels of metabolites such as isoleucine, valine, N6-acetyllysine, methionine, 3-aminoisobutyric acid, N, N-dimethylglycine, propylene glycol, trimethylamine N-oxide, myo-inositol, choline, betaine, lactate, glucose, and lipid, and the enrichment analysis of differential metabolites showed that RR may participate in the regulation of amino acid metabolism and energy metabolism. RR exerts the role of anti-IS via regulating gut bacteria and metabolic pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyao Liu
- School of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China; (X.L.); (J.H.)
| | - Yuxi Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China; (Y.W.); (Y.M.)
| | - Yuan Tian
- School of Chinese Material Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China; (Y.T.); (Z.L.); (W.X.)
| | - Jiahui Hu
- School of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China; (X.L.); (J.H.)
| | - Zhen Liu
- School of Chinese Material Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China; (Y.T.); (Z.L.); (W.X.)
| | - Yuncheng Ma
- School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China; (Y.W.); (Y.M.)
| | - Wenhui Xu
- School of Chinese Material Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China; (Y.T.); (Z.L.); (W.X.)
- Beijing Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Weiling Wang
- School of Chinese Material Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China; (Y.T.); (Z.L.); (W.X.)
- Beijing Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Jian Gao
- School of Chinese Material Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China; (Y.T.); (Z.L.); (W.X.)
- Beijing Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Ting Wang
- School of Chinese Material Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China; (Y.T.); (Z.L.); (W.X.)
- Beijing Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
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Luo YM, Yang SD, Wen MY, Wang B, Liu JH, Li ST, Li YY, Cheng H, Zhao LL, Li SM, Jiang JJ. Insights into the mechanisms of triptolide nephrotoxicity through network pharmacology-based analysis and RNA-seq. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1144583. [PMID: 36959927 PMCID: PMC10027700 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1144583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Triptolide (TPL) is a promising plant-derived compound for clinical therapy of multiple human diseases; however, its application was limited considering its toxicity. METHODS To explore the underlying molecular mechanism of TPL nephrotoxicity, a network pharmacology based approach was utilized to predict candidate targets related with TPL toxicity, followed by deep RNA-seq analysis to characterize the features of three transcriptional elements include protein coding genes (PCGs), long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) and circular RNAs (circRNAs) as well as their associations with nephrotoxicity in rats with TPL treatment. RESULTS & DISCUSSION Although the deeper mechanisms of TPL nephrotoxcity remain further exploration, our results suggested that c-Jun is a potential target of TPL and Per1 related circadian rhythm signaling is involved in TPL induced renal toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue-Ming Luo
- Department of Nephrology, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, The Fourth Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, China
| | - Shu-Dong Yang
- Department of Nephrology, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, The Fourth Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, China
| | - Miao-Yu Wen
- Department of Geriatrics, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, The Fourth Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, China
| | - Bing Wang
- Department of Nephrology, Shenzhen Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Jia-Hui Liu
- Department of Nephrology, Shenzhen Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Si-Ting Li
- Institute of Basic Research in Clinical Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yu-Yan Li
- Department of Nephrology, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, The Fourth Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, China
| | - Hong Cheng
- Department of Geriatrics, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, The Fourth Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, China
| | - Li-Li Zhao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
- Graduate school of Clinical Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Shun-Min Li
- Department of Nephrology, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, The Fourth Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jian-Jun Jiang
- Department of Nephrology, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, The Fourth Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, China
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Vignoli A, Meoni G, Ghini V, Di Cesare F, Tenori L, Luchinat C, Turano P. NMR-Based Metabolomics to Evaluate Individual Response to Treatments. Handb Exp Pharmacol 2023; 277:209-245. [PMID: 36318327 DOI: 10.1007/164_2022_618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this chapter is to highlight the various aspects of metabolomics in relation to health and diseases, starting from the definition of metabolic space and of how individuals tend to maintain their own position in this space. Physio-pathological stimuli may cause individuals to lose their position and then regain it, or move irreversibly to other positions. By way of examples, mostly selected from our own work using 1H NMR on biological fluids, we describe the effects on the individual metabolomic fingerprint of mild external interventions, such as diet or probiotic administration. Then we move to pathologies (such as celiac disease, various types of cancer, viral infections, and other diseases), each characterized by a well-defined metabolomic fingerprint. We describe the effects of drugs on the disease fingerprint and on its reversal to a healthy metabolomic status. Drug toxicity can be also monitored by metabolomics. We also show how the individual metabolomic fingerprint at the onset of a disease may discriminate responders from non-responders to a given drug, or how it may be prognostic of e.g., cancer recurrence after many years. In parallel with fingerprinting, profiling (i.e., the identification and quantification of many metabolites and, in the case of selected biofluids, of the lipoprotein components that contribute to the 1H NMR spectral features) can provide hints on the metabolic pathways that are altered by a disease and assess their restoration after treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessia Vignoli
- Magnetic Resonance Center (CERM), University of Florence, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy.,Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff", University of Florence, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Gaia Meoni
- Magnetic Resonance Center (CERM), University of Florence, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy.,Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff", University of Florence, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Veronica Ghini
- Magnetic Resonance Center (CERM), University of Florence, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy.,Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff", University of Florence, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Francesca Di Cesare
- Magnetic Resonance Center (CERM), University of Florence, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy.,Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff", University of Florence, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Leonardo Tenori
- Magnetic Resonance Center (CERM), University of Florence, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy.,Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff", University of Florence, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy.,Consorzio Interuniversitario Risonanze Magnetiche MetalloProteine (CIRMMP), Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Claudio Luchinat
- Magnetic Resonance Center (CERM), University of Florence, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy.,Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff", University of Florence, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy.,Consorzio Interuniversitario Risonanze Magnetiche MetalloProteine (CIRMMP), Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Paola Turano
- Magnetic Resonance Center (CERM), University of Florence, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy. .,Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff", University of Florence, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy. .,Consorzio Interuniversitario Risonanze Magnetiche MetalloProteine (CIRMMP), Sesto Fiorentino, Italy.
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Qiang L, Li H, Wang Z, Wan L, Jiang G. Deconvoluting the complexity of autophagy in colorectal cancer: From crucial pathways to targeted therapies. Front Oncol 2022; 12:1007509. [PMID: 36172152 PMCID: PMC9510924 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.1007509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2022] [Accepted: 08/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a common gastrointestinal tumor with a high degree of malignancy, and most clinical cases are diagnosed at an advanced stage, which has unfortunately missed an opportunity for surgery; therefore, elucidation of the crucial pathways of CRC development and discovery of targeted therapeutic strategies should be anticipated. Autophagy, which is an evolutionarily highly conserved catabolic process, may promote tumorigenesis and development of CRC. On the contrary, autophagy can trigger programmed cell death to inhibit CRC progression. Correspondingly, several targeted therapeutic strategies have been reported in CRC, including small-molecule compounds, polypeptides, non-coding RNAs, photodynamic, and adjuvant therapies. Thus, in this review, we focus on summarizing the crucial pathways of autophagy in CRC, and further discuss the current therapeutic strategies targeting autophagy. Together, these findings may shed light on the key regulatory mechanisms of autophagy and provide more promising therapeutic approaches for the future CRC therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liming Qiang
- Department of Gastroenterology Ward, Guang’an People’s Hospital, Guang’an, China
| | - Hongpeng Li
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Guang’an People’s Hospital, Guang’an, China
| | - Zhaohui Wang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Guang’an People’s Hospital, Guang’an, China
| | - Lin Wan
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Guang’an People’s Hospital, Guang’an, China
| | - Guangfu Jiang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Guang’an People’s Hospital, Guang’an, China
- *Correspondence: Guangfu Jiang,
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Yang T, Wang YL, Zhang YL, Liu YT, Tao YY, Zhou H, Liu CH. The protective effect of Capparis spinosa fruit on triptolide-induced acute liver injury: A metabolomics-based systematic study. J Funct Foods 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2022.104989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
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Zhao J, Zhang F, Xiao X, Wu Z, Hu Q, Jiang Y, Zhang W, Wei S, Ma X, Zhang X. Tripterygium hypoglaucum (Lévl.) Hutch and Its Main Bioactive Components: Recent Advances in Pharmacological Activity, Pharmacokinetics and Potential Toxicity. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:715359. [PMID: 34887747 PMCID: PMC8650721 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.715359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 11/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Tripterygium hypoglaucum (Lévl.) Hutch (THH) is believed to play an important role in health care and disease treatment according to traditional Chinese medicine. Moreover, it is also the representative of medicine with both significant efficacy and potential toxicity. This characteristic causes THH hard for embracing and fearing. In order to verify its prospect for clinic, a wide variety of studies were carried out in the most recent years. However, there has not been any review about THH yet. Therefore, this review summarized its characteristic of components, pharmacological effect, pharmacokinetics and toxicity to comprehensively shed light on the potential clinical application. More than 120 secondary metabolites including terpenoids, alkaloids, glycosides, sugars, organic acids, oleanolic acid, polysaccharides and other components were found in THH based on phytochemical research. All these components might be the pharmacological bases for immunosuppression, anti-inflammatory and anti-tumour effect. In addition, recent studies found that THH and its bioactive compounds also demonstrated remarkable effect on obesity, insulin resistance, fertility and infection of virus. The main mechanism seemed to be closely related to regulation the balance of immune, inflammation, apoptosis and so on in various disease. Furthermore, the study of pharmacokinetics revealed quick elimination of the main component triptolide. The feature of celastrol was also investigated by several models. Finally, the side effect of THH was thought to be the key for its limitation in clinical application. A series of reports indicated that multiple organs or systems including liver, kidney and genital system were involved in the toxicity. Its potential serious problem in liver was paid specific attention in recent years. In summary, considering the significant effect and potential toxicity of THH as well as its components, the combined medication to inhibit the toxicity, maintain effect might be a promising method for clinical conversion. Modern advanced technology such as structure optimization might be another way to reach the efficacy and safety. Thus, THH is still a crucial plant which remains for further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junqi Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Fangling Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaolin Xiao
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Clinical Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhao Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Qichao Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yinxiao Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Wenwen Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Shizhang Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiao Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaomei Zhang
- Institute of Medicinal Chemistry of Chinese Medicine, Chongqing Academy of Chinese Materia Medica, Chongqing, China
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Yuan X, Xue J, Tan Y, Yang Q, Qin Z, Bao X, Li S, Pan L, Jiang Z, Wang Y, Lou Y, Jiang L, Du J. Albuca Bracteate Polysaccharides Synergistically Enhance the Anti-Tumor Efficacy of 5-Fluorouracil Against Colorectal Cancer by Modulating β-Catenin Signaling and Intestinal Flora. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:736627. [PMID: 34552494 PMCID: PMC8450769 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.736627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Accepted: 08/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The first-line treatment for colorectal cancer (CRC) is 5-fluorouracil (5-FU). However, the efficacy of this treatment is sometimes limited owing to chemoresistance as well as treatment-associated intestinal mucositis and other adverse events. Growing evidence suggests that certain phytochemicals have therapeutic and cancer-preventing properties. Further, the synergistic interactions between many such plant-derived products and chemotherapeutic drugs have been linked to improved therapeutic efficacy. Polysaccharides extracted from Albuca bracteata (Thunb.) J.C.Manning and Goldblatt (ABP) have been reported to exhibit anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-tumor properties. In this study, murine CRC cells (CT26) and a murine model of CRC were used to examine the anti-tumor properties of ABP and explore the mechanism underlying the synergistic interactions between ABP and 5-FU. Our results revealed that ABP could inhibit tumor cell proliferation, invasion, and migratory activity in vitro and inhibited tumor progression in vivo by suppressing β-catenin signaling. Additionally, treatment with a combination of ABP and 5-FU resulted in better outcomes than treatment with either agent alone. Moreover, this combination therapy resulted in the specific enrichment of Ruminococcus, Anaerostipes, and Oscillospira in the intestinal microbiota and increased fecal short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) levels (acetic acid, propionic acid, and butyric acid). The improvement in the intestinal microbiota and the increase in beneficial SCFAs contributed to enhanced therapeutic outcomes and reduced the adverse effects of 5-FU. Together, these data suggest that ABP exhibits anti-neoplastic activity and can effectively enhance the efficacy of 5-FU in CRC treatment. Therefore, further research on the application of ABP in the development of novel anti-tumor drugs and adjuvant compounds is warranted and could improve the outcomes of CRC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyu Yuan
- Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Sanitary Microbiology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Laboratory Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Jiao Xue
- Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Sanitary Microbiology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Laboratory Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Yingxia Tan
- Central Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Qingguo Yang
- Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Sanitary Microbiology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Laboratory Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Ziyan Qin
- Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Sanitary Microbiology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Laboratory Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Xiaodong Bao
- Central Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Shengkai Li
- Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Sanitary Microbiology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Laboratory Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Liangliang Pan
- Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Sanitary Microbiology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Laboratory Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Ziqing Jiang
- Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Sanitary Microbiology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Laboratory Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Yu Wang
- Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Sanitary Microbiology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Laboratory Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Yongliang Lou
- Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Sanitary Microbiology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Laboratory Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Lei Jiang
- Central Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Jimei Du
- Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Sanitary Microbiology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Laboratory Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
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10
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Bendinelli B, Vignoli A, Palli D, Assedi M, Ambrogetti D, Luchinat C, Caini S, Saieva C, Turano P, Masala G. Prediagnostic circulating metabolites in female breast cancer cases with low and high mammographic breast density. Sci Rep 2021; 11:13025. [PMID: 34158597 PMCID: PMC8219761 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-92508-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Accepted: 06/11/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Mammographic breast density (MBD) is a strong independent risk factor for breast cancer (BC). We designed a matched case-case study in the EPIC Florence cohort, to evaluate possible associations between the pre-diagnostic metabolomic profile and the risk of BC in high- versus low-MBD women who developed BC during the follow-up. A case-case design with 100 low-MBD (MBD ≤ 25%) and 100 high-MDB BC cases (MBD > 50%) was performed. Matching variables included age, year and type of mammographic examination. 1H NMR metabolomic spectra were available for 87 complete case-case sets. The conditional logistic analyses showed an inverse association between serum levels of alanine, leucine, tyrosine, valine, lactic acid, pyruvic acid, triglycerides lipid main fraction and 11 VLDL lipid subfractions and high-MBD cases. Acetic acid was directly associated with high-MBD cases. In models adjusted for confounding variables, tyrosine remained inversely associated with high-MBD cases while 3 VLDL subfractions of free cholesterol emerged as directly associated with high-MBD cases. A pathway analysis showed that the "phenylalanine, tyrosine and tryptophan pathway" emerged and persisted after applying the FDR procedure. The supervised OPLS-DA analysis revealed a slight but significant separation between high- and low-MBD cases. This case-case study suggested a possible role for pre-diagnostic levels of tyrosine in modulating the risk of BC in high- versus low-MBD women. Moreover, some differences emerged in the pre-diagnostic concentration of other metabolites as well in the metabolomic fingerprints among the two groups of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benedetta Bendinelli
- Institute for Cancer Research, Prevention and Clinical Network (ISPRO), Via Cosimo il Vecchio 2, 50139 Florence, Italy
| | - Alessia Vignoli
- grid.20765.360000 0004 7402 7708Consorzio Interuniversitario Risonanze Magnetiche Di Metallo Proteine (CIRMMP), 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Domenico Palli
- Institute for Cancer Research, Prevention and Clinical Network (ISPRO), Via Cosimo il Vecchio 2, 50139 Florence, Italy
| | - Melania Assedi
- Institute for Cancer Research, Prevention and Clinical Network (ISPRO), Via Cosimo il Vecchio 2, 50139 Florence, Italy
| | - Daniela Ambrogetti
- Institute for Cancer Research, Prevention and Clinical Network (ISPRO), Via Cosimo il Vecchio 2, 50139 Florence, Italy
| | - Claudio Luchinat
- grid.8404.80000 0004 1757 2304Magnetic Resonance Center (CERM), University of Florence, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy ,grid.8404.80000 0004 1757 2304Department of Chemistry “Ugo Schiff”, University of Florence, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Saverio Caini
- Institute for Cancer Research, Prevention and Clinical Network (ISPRO), Via Cosimo il Vecchio 2, 50139 Florence, Italy
| | - Calogero Saieva
- Institute for Cancer Research, Prevention and Clinical Network (ISPRO), Via Cosimo il Vecchio 2, 50139 Florence, Italy
| | - Paola Turano
- grid.8404.80000 0004 1757 2304Magnetic Resonance Center (CERM), University of Florence, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy ,grid.8404.80000 0004 1757 2304Department of Chemistry “Ugo Schiff”, University of Florence, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Giovanna Masala
- Institute for Cancer Research, Prevention and Clinical Network (ISPRO), Via Cosimo il Vecchio 2, 50139 Florence, Italy
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11
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Xiao X, Zhang T, Huang J, Zhao Q, Li F. Effect of CYP3A4 on liver injury induced by triptolide. Biomed Chromatogr 2020; 34:e4864. [PMID: 32330997 DOI: 10.1002/bmc.4864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2020] [Revised: 03/22/2020] [Accepted: 04/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Triptolide (TP), one of the main bioactive diterpenes of the herbal medicine Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, is used for the treatment of autoimmune diseases in the clinic and is accompanied by severe hepatotoxicity. CYP3A4 has been reported to be responsible for TP metabolism, but the mechanism remains unclear. The present study applied a UPLC-QTOF-MS-based metabolomics analysis to characterize the effect of CYP3A4 on TP-induced hepatotoxicity. The metabolites carnitines, lysophosphatidylcholines (LPCs) and a serious of amino acids were found to be closely related to liver damage indexes in TP-treated female mice. Metabolomics analysis further revealed that the CYP3A4 inducer dexamethasone improved the level of LPCs and amino acids, and defended against oxidative stress. On the contrary, pretreatment with the CYP3A4 inhibitor ketoconazole increased liver damage with most metabolites being markedly altered, especially carnitines. Among these metabolites, except for LPC18:2, LPC20:1 and arginine, dexamethasone and ketoconazole both affected oxidative stress induced by TP. The current study provides new mechanistic insights into the metabolic alterations, leading to understanding of the role of CYP3A4 in hepatotoxicity induced by TP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuerong Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China
| | - Ting Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jianfeng Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Qi Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China
| | - Fei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China
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