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Wang A, Chen Y, Fang B, Zhang J, Bai W, Yang T, Zhang Q, Liu P, Duan Z, Lu T, He Y, Zhang Y, Zhao X, Dong W. Cytochalasin B Mitigates the Inflammatory Response in Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Mastitis by Suppressing Both the ARPC3/ARPC4-Dependent Cytoskeletal Changes and the Association Between HSP70 and the NLRP3 Inflammasome. Int J Mol Sci 2025; 26:3029. [PMID: 40243637 PMCID: PMC11988952 DOI: 10.3390/ijms26073029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2025] [Revised: 03/13/2025] [Accepted: 03/18/2025] [Indexed: 04/18/2025] Open
Abstract
Cow mastitis is a major challenge in dairy farming, significantly affecting both milk quality and cow health. Cytochalasin B (CB) is a fungal toxin and an actin cytoskeleton depolymerizing agent that exhibits anti-inflammatory and antitumor properties; however, its mechanism in cow mastitis remains unclear. In this study, we systematically evaluated the effects of CB on mastitis using an LPS-induced inflammation model in bovine mammary epithelial cells (MAC-T) and a mouse mastitis model. The techniques employed included Real-time quantitative PCR detecting system (qPCR), Western blot, HE staining, immunofluorescence (IF), and immunohistochemistry (IHC). The results demonstrated that CB significantly alleviated LPS-induced mastitis by downregulating the expression of pro-inflammatory factors IL-1β, TNF-α, and the NLRP3 inflammasome while also reducing cell apoptosis. Further mechanistic investigations revealed that CB mitigates the inflammatory response by inhibiting the expression of ARPC3, ARPC4, and HSP70, thereby disrupting cytoskeletal rearrangement and the activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome. Overall, this study reveals the potential therapeutic role of CB in cow mastitis and provides a theoretical foundation for developing novel intervention strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- An Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China; (A.W.); (Y.C.); (B.F.); (J.Z.); (W.B.); (T.Y.); (P.L.); (Z.D.); (T.L.); (Y.H.); (Y.Z.); (X.Z.)
- Gansu Key Laboratory of Animal Generational Physiology and Reproductive Regulation, Lanzhou 730070, China;
| | - Yan Chen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China; (A.W.); (Y.C.); (B.F.); (J.Z.); (W.B.); (T.Y.); (P.L.); (Z.D.); (T.L.); (Y.H.); (Y.Z.); (X.Z.)
- Gansu Key Laboratory of Animal Generational Physiology and Reproductive Regulation, Lanzhou 730070, China;
| | - Bo Fang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China; (A.W.); (Y.C.); (B.F.); (J.Z.); (W.B.); (T.Y.); (P.L.); (Z.D.); (T.L.); (Y.H.); (Y.Z.); (X.Z.)
- Gansu Key Laboratory of Animal Generational Physiology and Reproductive Regulation, Lanzhou 730070, China;
| | - Jiang Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China; (A.W.); (Y.C.); (B.F.); (J.Z.); (W.B.); (T.Y.); (P.L.); (Z.D.); (T.L.); (Y.H.); (Y.Z.); (X.Z.)
- Gansu Key Laboratory of Animal Generational Physiology and Reproductive Regulation, Lanzhou 730070, China;
| | - Wenkai Bai
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China; (A.W.); (Y.C.); (B.F.); (J.Z.); (W.B.); (T.Y.); (P.L.); (Z.D.); (T.L.); (Y.H.); (Y.Z.); (X.Z.)
- Gansu Key Laboratory of Animal Generational Physiology and Reproductive Regulation, Lanzhou 730070, China;
| | - Tingji Yang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China; (A.W.); (Y.C.); (B.F.); (J.Z.); (W.B.); (T.Y.); (P.L.); (Z.D.); (T.L.); (Y.H.); (Y.Z.); (X.Z.)
- Gansu Key Laboratory of Animal Generational Physiology and Reproductive Regulation, Lanzhou 730070, China;
| | - Quanwei Zhang
- Gansu Key Laboratory of Animal Generational Physiology and Reproductive Regulation, Lanzhou 730070, China;
- College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730030, China
| | - Peiwen Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China; (A.W.); (Y.C.); (B.F.); (J.Z.); (W.B.); (T.Y.); (P.L.); (Z.D.); (T.L.); (Y.H.); (Y.Z.); (X.Z.)
- Gansu Key Laboratory of Animal Generational Physiology and Reproductive Regulation, Lanzhou 730070, China;
| | - Zhiwei Duan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China; (A.W.); (Y.C.); (B.F.); (J.Z.); (W.B.); (T.Y.); (P.L.); (Z.D.); (T.L.); (Y.H.); (Y.Z.); (X.Z.)
- Gansu Key Laboratory of Animal Generational Physiology and Reproductive Regulation, Lanzhou 730070, China;
| | - Ting Lu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China; (A.W.); (Y.C.); (B.F.); (J.Z.); (W.B.); (T.Y.); (P.L.); (Z.D.); (T.L.); (Y.H.); (Y.Z.); (X.Z.)
- Gansu Key Laboratory of Animal Generational Physiology and Reproductive Regulation, Lanzhou 730070, China;
| | - Yuxuan He
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China; (A.W.); (Y.C.); (B.F.); (J.Z.); (W.B.); (T.Y.); (P.L.); (Z.D.); (T.L.); (Y.H.); (Y.Z.); (X.Z.)
- Gansu Key Laboratory of Animal Generational Physiology and Reproductive Regulation, Lanzhou 730070, China;
| | - Yong Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China; (A.W.); (Y.C.); (B.F.); (J.Z.); (W.B.); (T.Y.); (P.L.); (Z.D.); (T.L.); (Y.H.); (Y.Z.); (X.Z.)
- Gansu Key Laboratory of Animal Generational Physiology and Reproductive Regulation, Lanzhou 730070, China;
| | - Xingxu Zhao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China; (A.W.); (Y.C.); (B.F.); (J.Z.); (W.B.); (T.Y.); (P.L.); (Z.D.); (T.L.); (Y.H.); (Y.Z.); (X.Z.)
- Gansu Key Laboratory of Animal Generational Physiology and Reproductive Regulation, Lanzhou 730070, China;
| | - Weitao Dong
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China; (A.W.); (Y.C.); (B.F.); (J.Z.); (W.B.); (T.Y.); (P.L.); (Z.D.); (T.L.); (Y.H.); (Y.Z.); (X.Z.)
- Gansu Key Laboratory of Animal Generational Physiology and Reproductive Regulation, Lanzhou 730070, China;
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Wang J, Cheng C, Gao Y, Li Y, Zhang X, Yao D, Zhang Y. Danggui Buxue Decoction Alleviates Inflammation and Oxidative Stress in Mice with Escherichia coli-Induced Mastitis. Vet Sci 2025; 12:227. [PMID: 40266913 PMCID: PMC11946834 DOI: 10.3390/vetsci12030227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2025] [Revised: 02/28/2025] [Accepted: 03/01/2025] [Indexed: 04/25/2025] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Bovine mastitis is a lactational disease caused by infection and milk stagnation in the mammary glands. Danggui buxue decoction (DBD), a traditional remedy for blood tonification, anti-inflammation, and antioxidation, has not been used previously to treat mastitis. (2) Methods: In this study, an Escherichia coli mastitis model was established by infecting lactating Kunming mice with clinically isolated bovine mastitis-derived E. coli. Based on this, the effects of DBD on inflammation and oxidative stress in mastitis model mice were evaluated by conducting routine blood tests, H&E staining, qRT-PCR analysis, ELISA, and microcolorimetry. (3) Results: We found that DBD treatment reduced body weight loss, abnormal organ indices, abnormal blood cell counts, pathological damage to breast tissue, and the upregulation of the expression of inflammatory factor in mice caused by E. coli infection. We also found that DBD increased the expression of antioxidants and antioxidant genes and decreased the expression of oxidation products and oxidation-related genes in breast tissue. The therapeutic effect of DBD on inflammation and oxidative stress (OS) in mice occurred through the regulation of the TLR4/NF-κB and Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathways. (4) Conclusions: DBD imparted its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects by inhibiting the TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway and activating the antioxidant Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiamian Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China; (J.W.); (C.C.); (Y.G.); (Y.L.); (X.Z.); (D.Y.)
- Gansu Key Laboratory of Animal Generational Physiology and Reproductive Regulation, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Chen Cheng
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China; (J.W.); (C.C.); (Y.G.); (Y.L.); (X.Z.); (D.Y.)
- Gansu Key Laboratory of Animal Generational Physiology and Reproductive Regulation, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Yujin Gao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China; (J.W.); (C.C.); (Y.G.); (Y.L.); (X.Z.); (D.Y.)
- Gansu Key Laboratory of Animal Generational Physiology and Reproductive Regulation, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Yina Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China; (J.W.); (C.C.); (Y.G.); (Y.L.); (X.Z.); (D.Y.)
- Gansu Key Laboratory of Animal Generational Physiology and Reproductive Regulation, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Xijun Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China; (J.W.); (C.C.); (Y.G.); (Y.L.); (X.Z.); (D.Y.)
- Gansu Key Laboratory of Animal Generational Physiology and Reproductive Regulation, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Dan Yao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China; (J.W.); (C.C.); (Y.G.); (Y.L.); (X.Z.); (D.Y.)
- Gansu Key Laboratory of Animal Generational Physiology and Reproductive Regulation, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Yong Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China; (J.W.); (C.C.); (Y.G.); (Y.L.); (X.Z.); (D.Y.)
- Gansu Key Laboratory of Animal Generational Physiology and Reproductive Regulation, Lanzhou 730070, China
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Xiao H, Wei C, Liu H, Li Z, Zheng C, Luo J. Lentinan alleviates sciatic nerve injury by promoting autophagy to remove myelin fragments. Phytother Res 2023; 37:4042-4058. [PMID: 37165703 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2022] [Revised: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Lentinan, a natural drug with wide-ranging pharmacological activities, can regulate autophagy-the process through which Schwann cells (SCs) eliminate myelin fragments after peripheral nerve injury (PNI). However, the effect of lentinan after PNI and the role of accelerated myelin debris removal via autophagy in this process are unclear. This study examined the effect of lentinan on rat sciatic nerve repair following crush injury and the underlying mechanisms. After the successful establishment of the sciatic nerve compression injury model, group-specific treatments were performed. The treatment group received 20 mg/kg lentinan via intraperitoneal injection, while the model group was treated with normal saline. The recovery in each group was then evaluated. Further, a rat SC line (RSC96) was cultured in medium with/without lentinan after supplementation with homogenous myelin fractions to evaluate the removal of myelin particles. Our results showed that lentinan promotes autophagic flux in vivo via the AMPK/mTOR signaling pathway, accelerates the clearance of myelin debris by SCs, and inhibits neuronal apoptosis, thereby promoting neurological recovery. Similarly, in vitro experiments showed that lentinan promotes the phagocytosis of myelin debris by SCs. In conclusion, our results suggest that lentinan primarily promotes nerve regeneration by accelerating the autophagic clearance of myelin debris in SCs, and this process is likely regulated by the AMPK/mTOR signaling pathway. Therefore, this study provides compelling evidence that lentinan may be a cost-effective and natural treatment agent for PNI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haili Xiao
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Chao Wei
- Department of Hepatobiliary surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Huiying Liu
- Institute of Translational Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Zhiqiang Li
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Cihua Zheng
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Jun Luo
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
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Li K, Ran X, Zeng Y, Li S, Hu G, Wang X, Li Y, Yang Z, Liu J, Fu S. Maslinic acid alleviates LPS-induced mice mastitis by inhibiting inflammatory response, maintaining the integrity of the blood-milk barrier and regulating intestinal flora. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 122:110551. [PMID: 37406397 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.110551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Revised: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023]
Abstract
Mastitis occurs frequently in breastfeeding women and not only affects the women's health but also hinders breastfeeding. Maslinic acid is a type of pentacyclic triterpenoid widely found in olives that has good anti-inflammatory activity. This study aims to discuss the protective function of maslinic acid against mastitis and its underlying mechanism. For this, mice models of mastitis were established using lipopolysaccharide (LPS). The results revealed that maslinic acid reduced the pathological lesions in the mammary gland. In addition, it reduced the generation of pro-inflammatory factors and enzymes (IL-6, IL-1β, TNF-α, iNOS, and COX2) in both mice mammary tissue and mammary epithelial cells. The high-throughput 16S rDNA sequencing of intestinal flora showed that in mice with mastitis, maslinic acid treatment altered β-diversity and regulated microbial structure by increasing the abundance of probiotics such as Enterobacteriaceae and downregulating harmful bacteria such as Streptococcaceae. In addition, maslinic acid protected the blood-milk barrier by maintaining tight-junction protein expression. Furthermore, maslinic acid downregulated mammary inflammation by inhibiting the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome, AKT/NF-κB, and MAPK signaling pathways. Thus, in a mice model of LPS-induced mastitis, maslinic acid can inhibit the inflammatory response, protect the blood-milk barrier, and regulate the constitution of intestinal flora.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kefei Li
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China; College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Xin Ran
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China; College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Yiruo Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China; College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Shubo Li
- Liaoning Center for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Liaoning Agricultural Development Service Center, Shenyang 110164, China
| | - Guiqiu Hu
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China; College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Xiaoxuan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China; College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Ying Li
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China; College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Zhanqing Yang
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China; College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Juxiong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China; College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Shoupeng Fu
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China; College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China.
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Fan X, Fu L, Liu M, Sun Y, Zeng X, Wu Z, Du L, Pan D. Effect of lentinan on gelling properties and structural changes of goose myofibrillar protein under oxidative stress. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2023. [PMID: 37038913 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.12618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Revised: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The reduction of protein oxidation is important for maintaining the product quality of reconstituted meat. In this study, the dose-dependent effects of lentinan (LNT) on gelling properties and chemical changes in oxidatively stressed goose myofibrillar protein were investigated. RESULTS Myofibrillar protein (MP) with 200 μmol g-1 protein LNT increased gel strength by 87.90 ± 9.26% in comparison with LNT-free myofibrillar protein after oxidation. Scanning electron microscopy analysis revealed that the gel network containing LNT was compact, with small pores and uniform distribution. The absolute value of the zeta potential reduced significantly following oxidation of LNT with 200 μmol g-1 protein at 4 °C for 12 h compared with the zeta potential without LNT, according to the laser particle size analyzer. The incorporation of LNT increased protein solubility and -SH content, inhibited carbonyl formation, enhanced α-helix content and tryptophan intrinsic fluorescence intensity, and reduced exposure of hydrophobic groups and protein aggregation. CONCLUSION The results indicated that adding LNT to myofibrillar protein could improve gel. This is related to its protective effect on conformational changes in the oxidation system. Lentinan is therefore recommended for oxidatively stressed goose meat processing to enhance the MP gelling potential. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiankang Fan
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Protein Food Processing Technology of Zhejiang Province, College of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Li Fu
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Protein Food Processing Technology of Zhejiang Province, College of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Mingzhen Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Protein Food Processing Technology of Zhejiang Province, College of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Yangying Sun
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Protein Food Processing Technology of Zhejiang Province, College of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Xiaoqun Zeng
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Protein Food Processing Technology of Zhejiang Province, College of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Zhen Wu
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Protein Food Processing Technology of Zhejiang Province, College of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Lihui Du
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Daodong Pan
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Protein Food Processing Technology of Zhejiang Province, College of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
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The Dectin-1 Receptor Signaling Pathway Mediates the Remyelination Effect of Lentinan through Suppression of Neuroinflammation and Conversion of Microglia. J Immunol Res 2022; 2022:3002304. [PMID: 36619719 PMCID: PMC9812608 DOI: 10.1155/2022/3002304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Revised: 12/03/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Demyelinating diseases such as multiple sclerosis (MS) are chronic inflammatory autoimmune diseases and involve demyelination and axonal degeneration. Microglia rapidly respond to changes in the environment by altering morphotype and function during the progressive disease stage. Although substantial progress has been made in the drug development for MS, treatment of the progressive forms of the disease remains unsatisfactory. There is great interest in identifying novel agents for treating MS. Lentinus edodes is a traditional food, which can improve physiological function. Lentinan (LNT), a type of polysaccharide extracted from mushroom Lentinus edodes, is an anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory agent. Here, we studied the remyelination effects of LNT and its therapeutic target in regulating the functions of neuroinflammation. We found that LNT enhanced remyelination and rescued motor deficiency by regulating dectin-1 receptor to inhibit neuroinflammation and microglial cell transformation. LNT promoted the conversion of microglial cells from the M1 status induced by LPS to the M2 status, enhanced the anti-inflammatory markers IL-10 and BDNF, inhibited inflammatory markers TNF-α and IL-1β, and downregulated the microglia activation and oligodendrocyte and astrocyte proliferation by modulating dectin-1. If we injected the dectin-1-specific inhibitor laminarin (Lam), the remyelination effects induced by LNT were completely abolished. Thus, these results suggest that LNT is a novel and potential therapeutic agent that can rescue MS neuroimmune imbalance and remyelination through a dectin-1 receptor-dependent mechanism.
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Sanguinarine Enhances the Integrity of the Blood-Milk Barrier and Inhibits Oxidative Stress in Lipopolysaccharide-Stimulated Mastitis. Cells 2022; 11:cells11223658. [PMID: 36429086 PMCID: PMC9688596 DOI: 10.3390/cells11223658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Revised: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Mastitis is a common clinical disease which threatens the welfare and health of dairy cows and causes huge economic losses. Sanguinarine (SG) is a plant-derived alkaloid which has many biological functions, including antibacterial and antioxidant properties. The present study attempted to evaluate the effect of SG on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced oxidative stress reactions and explore its potential mechanisms. The expression profile of SG was analyzed by network pharmacology, and it was found that differentially expressed genes were mainly involved in the Wnt signaling pathway and oxidative stress through GO and KEGG enrichment. In in vitro experiments, the dosage of SG was non-toxic to mouse mammary epithelial cells (mMECs) (p > 0.05). SG not only inhibited the increase in ROS induced by LPS, but also enhanced the activity of antioxidant enzymes (p < 0.05). Moreover, the results of the in vivo experiments showed that SG alleviated LPS-induced inflammatory damage of mouse mammary glands and enhanced the integrity of the blood-milk barrier (p < 0.05). Further studies suggested that SG promoted Nrf2 expression and suppressed the activation of the Wnt signaling pathway (p < 0.05). Conclusively, this study clarified the protective effect of SG on mastitis and provided evidence for new potential mechanisms. SG exerted its antioxidant function through activating Nrf2 and inhibiting the Wnt/β-catenin pathway, repairing the blood-milk barrier.
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