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Yang M, Shen H, Flodby P, Koss MD, Bassiouni R, Liu Y, Jashashvili T, Neely A, Ogbolu E, Castillo J, Stueve TR, Mullen DJ, Ryan AL, Carpten J, Castaldi A, Wallace WD, Zhou B, Borok Z, Marconett CN. Alveolar type I cells can give rise to KRAS-induced lung adenocarcinoma. Cell Rep 2023; 42:113286. [PMID: 37995179 PMCID: PMC10842735 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.113286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2023] [Revised: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is the most prevalent subtype of lung cancer and presents clinically with a high degree of biological heterogeneity and distinct clinical outcomes. The current paradigm of LUAD etiology posits alveolar epithelial type II (AT2) cells as the primary cell of origin, while the role of AT1 cells in LUAD oncogenesis remains unknown. Here, we examine oncogenic transformation in mouse Gram-domain containing 2 (Gramd2)+ AT1 cells via oncogenic KRASG12D. Activation of KRASG12D in AT1 cells induces multifocal LUAD, primarily of papillary histology. Furthermore, KRT8+ intermediate cell states were observed in both AT2- and AT1-derived LUAD, but SCGB3A2+, another intermediate cell marker, was primarily associated with AT1 cells, suggesting different mechanisms of tumor evolution. Collectively, our study reveals that Gramd2+ AT1 cells can serve as a cell of origin for LUAD and suggests that distinct subtypes of LUAD based on cell of origin be considered in the development of therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minxiao Yang
- Department of Translational Genomics, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA; Department of Surgery, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA; Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA; Hastings Center for Pulmonary Research, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
| | - Hua Shen
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
| | - Per Flodby
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
| | - Michael D Koss
- Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA; Department of Pathology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
| | - Rania Bassiouni
- Department of Translational Genomics, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA; Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
| | - Yixin Liu
- Hastings Center for Pulmonary Research, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA; Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
| | - Tea Jashashvili
- Department of Integrative Anatomical Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Aaron Neely
- Department of Translational Genomics, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA; Hastings Center for Pulmonary Research, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
| | - Ezuka Ogbolu
- Department of Translational Genomics, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
| | - Jonathan Castillo
- Department of Translational Genomics, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA; Department of Surgery, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA; Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA; Hastings Center for Pulmonary Research, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
| | - Theresa Ryan Stueve
- Department of Surgery, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA; Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
| | - Daniel J Mullen
- Department of Surgery, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA; Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
| | - Amy L Ryan
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa, IA 52242, USA
| | - John Carpten
- Department of Translational Genomics, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA; Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
| | - Alessandra Castaldi
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - W Dean Wallace
- Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA; Department of Pathology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
| | - Beiyun Zhou
- Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA; Hastings Center for Pulmonary Research, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA; Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
| | - Zea Borok
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Crystal N Marconett
- Department of Translational Genomics, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA; Department of Surgery, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA; Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA; Hastings Center for Pulmonary Research, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA.
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Avilés-Rojas N, Hurtado DE. Whole-lung finite-element models for mechanical ventilation and respiratory research applications. Front Physiol 2022; 13:984286. [PMID: 36267590 PMCID: PMC9577367 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.984286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Mechanical ventilation has been a vital treatment for Covid-19 patients with respiratory failure. Lungs assisted with mechanical ventilators present a wide variability in their response that strongly depends on air-tissue interactions, which motivates the creation of simulation tools to enhance the design of ventilatory protocols. In this work, we aim to create anatomical computational models of the lungs that predict clinically-relevant respiratory variables. To this end, we formulate a continuum poromechanical framework that seamlessly accounts for the air-tissue interaction in the lung parenchyma. Based on this formulation, we construct anatomical finite-element models of the human lungs from computed-tomography images. We simulate the 3D response of lungs connected to mechanical ventilation, from which we recover physiological parameters of high clinical relevance. In particular, we provide a framework to estimate respiratory-system compliance and resistance from continuum lung dynamic simulations. We further study our computational framework in the simulation of the supersyringe method to construct pressure-volume curves. In addition, we run these simulations using several state-of-the-art lung tissue models to understand how the choice of constitutive models impacts the whole-organ mechanical response. We show that the proposed lung model predicts physiological variables, such as airway pressure, flow and volume, that capture many distinctive features observed in mechanical ventilation and the supersyringe method. We further conclude that some constitutive lung tissue models may not adequately capture the physiological behavior of lungs, as measured in terms of lung respiratory-system compliance. Our findings constitute a proof of concept that finite-element poromechanical models of the lungs can be predictive of clinically-relevant variables in respiratory medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nibaldo Avilés-Rojas
- Department of Structural and Geotechnical Engineering, School of Engineering, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Institute for Biological and Medical Engineering, Schools of Engineering, Medicine and Biological Sciences, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Daniel E. Hurtado
- Department of Structural and Geotechnical Engineering, School of Engineering, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Institute for Biological and Medical Engineering, Schools of Engineering, Medicine and Biological Sciences, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- *Correspondence: Daniel E. Hurtado,
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González-Henríquez CM, Rodríguez-Umanzor FE, Acuña-Ruiz NF, Vera-Rojas GE, Terraza-Inostroza C, Cohn-Inostroza NA, Utrera A, Sarabia-Vallejos MA, Rodríguez-Hernández J. Fabrication and Testing of Multi-Hierarchical Porous Scaffolds Designed for Bone Regeneration via Additive Manufacturing Processes. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14194041. [PMID: 36235989 PMCID: PMC9571634 DOI: 10.3390/polym14194041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Revised: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone implants or replacements are very scarce due to the low donor availability and the high rate of body rejection. For this reason, tissue engineering strategies have been developed as alternative solutions to this problem. This research sought to create a cellular scaffold with an intricate and complex network of interconnected pores and microchannels using salt leaching and additive manufacturing (3D printing) methods that mimic the hierarchical internal structure of the bone. A biocompatible hydrogel film (based on poly-ethylene glycol) was used to cover the surface of different polymeric scaffolds. This thin film was then exposed to various stimuli to spontaneously form wrinkled micropatterns, with the aim of increasing the contact area and the material’s biocompatibility. The main innovation of this study was to include these wrinkled micropatterns on the surface of the scaffold by taking advantage of thin polymer film surface instabilities. On the other hand, salt and nano-hydroxyapatite (nHA) particles were included in the polymeric matrix to create a modified filament for 3D printing. The printed part was leached to eliminate porogen particles, leaving homogenously distributed pores on the structure. The pores have a mean size of 26.4 ± 9.9 μm, resulting in a global scaffold porosity of ~42% (including pores and microchannels). The presence of nHA particles, which display a homogeneous distribution according to the FE-SEM and EDX results, have a slight influence on the mechanical resistance of the material, but incredibly, despite being a bioactive compound for bone cells, did not show a significant increase in cell viability on the scaffold surface. However, the synergistic effect between the presence of the hydrogel and the pores on the material does produce an increase in cell viability compared to the control sample and the bare PCL material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmen M. González-Henríquez
- Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Matemáticas y del Medio Ambiente, Universidad Tecnológica Metropolitana, Santiago 7800003, Chile
- Programa Institucional de Fomento a la Investigación, Desarrollo e Innovación, Universidad Tecnológica Metropolitana, Santiago 8940000, Chile
- Correspondence:
| | - Fernando E. Rodríguez-Umanzor
- Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Matemáticas y del Medio Ambiente, Universidad Tecnológica Metropolitana, Santiago 7800003, Chile
| | - Nicolas F. Acuña-Ruiz
- Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Matemáticas y del Medio Ambiente, Universidad Tecnológica Metropolitana, Santiago 7800003, Chile
| | - Gloria E. Vera-Rojas
- Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Matemáticas y del Medio Ambiente, Universidad Tecnológica Metropolitana, Santiago 7800003, Chile
| | - Claudio Terraza-Inostroza
- Research Laboratory for Organic Polymer (RLOP), Facultad de Química y Farmacia, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 7810000, Chile
| | - Nicolas A. Cohn-Inostroza
- Laboratorio de Nanobiomateriales, Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias Odontológicas, Facultad de odontología, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380544, Chile
| | - Andrés Utrera
- Departamento de Ingeniería Mecánica, Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Santiago 9170124, Chile
| | | | - Juan Rodríguez-Hernández
- Polymer Functionalization Group, Departamento de Química Macromolecular Aplicada, Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de Polímeros-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (ICTP-CSIC), 28006 Madrid, Spain
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