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Zhu D, Guan D, Fan B, Sun Y, Wang F. Untargeted mass spectrometry-based metabolomics approach unveils molecular changes in heat-damaged and normal soybean. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2022.114136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Priyanatha C, Torkamaneh D, Rajcan I. Genome-Wide Association Study of Soybean Germplasm Derived From Canadian × Chinese Crosses to Mine for Novel Alleles to Improve Seed Yield and Seed Quality Traits. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:866300. [PMID: 35419011 PMCID: PMC8996715 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.866300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Genome-wide association study (GWAS) has emerged in the past decade as a viable tool for identifying beneficial alleles from a genomic diversity panel. In an ongoing effort to improve soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.], which is the third largest field crop in Canada, a GWAS was conducted to identify novel alleles underlying seed yield and seed quality and agronomic traits. The genomic panel consisted of 200 genotypes including lines derived from several generations of bi-parental crosses between modern Canadian × Chinese cultivars (CD-CH). The genomic diversity panel was field evaluated at two field locations in Ontario in 2019 and 2020. Genotyping-by-sequencing (GBS) was conducted and yielded almost 32 K high-quality SNPs. GWAS was conducted using Fixed and random model Circulating Probability Unification (FarmCPU) model on the following traits: seed yield, seed protein concentration, seed oil concentration, plant height, 100 seed weight, days to maturity, and lodging score that allowed to identify five QTL regions controlling seed yield and seed oil and protein content. A candidate gene search identified a putative gene for each of the three traits. The results of this GWAS study provide insight into potentially valuable genetic resources residing in Chinese modern cultivars that breeders may use to further improve soybean seed yield and seed quality traits.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Davoud Torkamaneh
- Département de Phytologie, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
- Institut de Biologie Intégrative et des Systèmes (IBIS), Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Istvan Rajcan
- Department of Plant Agriculture, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
- *Correspondence: Istvan Rajcan,
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Turner RE, Ebelhar MW, Wilkerson T, Bellaloui N, Golden BR, Irby JT, Martin S. Effects of Purple Seed Stain on Seed Quality and Composition in Soybean. PLANTS 2020; 9:plants9080993. [PMID: 32764222 PMCID: PMC7465772 DOI: 10.3390/plants9080993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2020] [Revised: 07/29/2020] [Accepted: 07/31/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Purple seed stain disease, caused by (Cercospora kukuchii), is a major concern in soybean (Glycine max (L.)) in Mississippi, USA, due to its effects on seed quality, reducing soybean seed grade and potential market price at elevators. Therefore, investigating the effects of purple seed stain (PSS) on seed quality (germination and vigor) and seed composition (nutrition) is critical. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of PSS on seed harvest index, seed germination, seed vigor, and seed composition components (protein, oil, fatty acids, and sugars). A field experiment was initiated in 2019 in Stoneville, MS, at the Delta Research and Extension Center (DREC) on a Commerce silt loam soil (fine-silty, mixed, superactive, nonacid, thermic Fluventic Epiaquepts). Soybean variety Credenz 4748 LL was used. The results showed that infected (symptomatic) seed had a 5.5% greater Seed Index (based on 100 seed weight) when compared to non-infected (non-symptomatic, as control) seed. Non-infected seed had greater percent germination and seedling vigor when compared to infected seed. Germination was 30.9% greater and vigor was 58.3% greater in non-infected seed. Also, the results showed that infected seed with PSS had higher protein content and some amino acids. No changes in total oil and fatty acids. Sucrose and stachyose were lower in infected seed than in non-infected seed. The research showed that PSS impacted seed health and seed quality (germination and vigor) and seed composition (protein, sugars, and some amino acids). Purple stained seed should be avoided when planting and should be managed properly as low germination is a potential risk. Planting population should be adjusted accordingly due to lack of germination and vigor if PSS is present. This research help growers for purple seed management, and scientists to further understand the potential negative impact on seed quality and nutrition. Further research is needed before conclusive recommendations are made.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard E. Turner
- Delta Research Extension Center, Mississippi State University, 82 Stoneville Road, Stoneville, MS 38776, USA; (M.W.E.); (T.W.); (B.R.G.); (S.M.)
- Correspondence:
| | - M. Wayne Ebelhar
- Delta Research Extension Center, Mississippi State University, 82 Stoneville Road, Stoneville, MS 38776, USA; (M.W.E.); (T.W.); (B.R.G.); (S.M.)
| | - Teresa Wilkerson
- Delta Research Extension Center, Mississippi State University, 82 Stoneville Road, Stoneville, MS 38776, USA; (M.W.E.); (T.W.); (B.R.G.); (S.M.)
| | - Nacer Bellaloui
- USDA-ARS, Crop Genetics Research Unit, 141 Experiment Station Road, Stoneville, MS 38776, USA;
| | - Bobby R. Golden
- Delta Research Extension Center, Mississippi State University, 82 Stoneville Road, Stoneville, MS 38776, USA; (M.W.E.); (T.W.); (B.R.G.); (S.M.)
| | - J. Trenton Irby
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, Mississippi State University, 32 Creelman Street, Starkville, MS 39762, USA;
| | - Steve Martin
- Delta Research Extension Center, Mississippi State University, 82 Stoneville Road, Stoneville, MS 38776, USA; (M.W.E.); (T.W.); (B.R.G.); (S.M.)
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Zhao M, Zhang H, Yan H, Qiu L, Baskin CC. Mobilization and Role of Starch, Protein, and Fat Reserves during Seed Germination of Six Wild Grassland Species. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2018; 9:234. [PMID: 29535748 PMCID: PMC5835038 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2018.00234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2017] [Accepted: 02/09/2018] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Since seed reserves can influence seed germination, the quantitative and qualitative differences in seed reserves may relate to the germination characteristics of species. The purpose of our study was to evaluate the correlation between germination and seed reserves, as well as their mobilization during germination of six grassland species (Chloris virgata, Kochia scoparia, Lespedeza hedysaroides, Astragalus adsurgens, Leonurus artemisia, and Dracocephalum moldavica) and compare the results with domesticated species. We measured starch, protein, and fat content in dry seeds and the initial absorption of water during imbibition. Starch, soluble protein, fat, and soluble sugar content also were determined at five stages during germination. Starch, protein, and fat reserves in dry seeds were not significantly correlated with germination percentage and rate (speed), but soluble sugar and soluble protein contents at different germination stages were positively significantly correlated with germination rate for the six species. Starch was mainly used during seed imbibition, and soluble protein was used from the imbibition stage to the highest germination stage. Fat content for all species remained relatively constant throughout germination for six species, regardless of the proportion of other seed reserves in the seeds. Our results for fat utilization differ from those obtained for cultivated grasses and legumes. These results provide new insight on the role of seed reserves as energy resources in germination for wild species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Zhao
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Grassland Farming, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, China
- College of Life Sciences, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China
| | - Hongxiang Zhang
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Grassland Farming, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, China
- *Correspondence: Hongxiang Zhang, Hong Yan,
| | - Hong Yan
- College of Life Sciences, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China
- *Correspondence: Hongxiang Zhang, Hong Yan,
| | - Lu Qiu
- College of Life Sciences, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China
| | - Carol C. Baskin
- Department of Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States
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Bellaloui N, Smith JR, Mengistu A. Seed Nutrition and Quality, Seed Coat Boron and Lignin Are Influenced by Delayed Harvest in Exotically-Derived Soybean Breeding Lines under High Heat. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2017; 8:1563. [PMID: 29018455 PMCID: PMC5615380 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2017.01563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2017] [Accepted: 08/28/2017] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
The timing of harvest is a major factor affecting seed quality in soybean, particularly in Midsouthern USA, when rain during harvest period is not uncommon. The objective of this research was to evaluate the effects of time of harvest on soybean seed quality (seed composition, germination, seed coat boron, and lignin) in high germinability (HG) breeding lines (50% exotic) developed under high heat. The hypothesis was that seeds of HG lines possess physiological and genetic traits for a better seed quality at harvest maturity and delayed harvest. A 2-year field experiment was conducted under irrigated conditions. Results showed that, at harvest maturity, the exotic HG lines had higher seed protein, oleic acid, sugars, seed coat boron, and seed coat lignin, but lower seed oil compared with the non-exotic checks (Control), confirming our hypothesis. At 28 days after harvest maturity (delayed harvest), the content of seed protein, oleic acid, sugars, seed coat boron, and seed coat lignin were higher in some of the HG lines compared with the checks, indicating a possible involvement of these seed constituents, especially seed coat boron and seed coat lignin, in maintaining seed coat integrity and protecting seed coat against physical damage. Highly significant positive correlations were found between germination and seed protein, oleic acid, sugars, and seed coat boron and seed coat lignin. Highly significant negative correlation was found between germination and oil, linoleic acid, seed coat wrinkling, shattering, and hard seed. Yields of some HG lines were competitive with checks. This research demonstrated that time of harvesting is an important factor influencing seed protein and oil production. Also, since high oleic acid is desirable for oxidative stability, shelf-life and biodiesel properties, using HG lines could positively influence these important traits. This result should suggest to breeders of some of the advantages of selecting for high seed coat boron and lignin, and inform growers of the importance of timely harvest for maintaining high seed quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nacer Bellaloui
- Crop Genetics Research Unit, USDA, Agricultural Research ServiceStoneville, MS, United States
| | - James R. Smith
- Crop Genetics Research Unit, USDA, Agricultural Research ServiceStoneville, MS, United States
| | - Alemu Mengistu
- Crop Genetics Research Unit, USDA, Agricultural Research ServiceJackson, TN, United States
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