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Pirnajmedin F, Jaškūnė K, Majidi MM. Adaptive strategies to drought stress in grasses of the poaceae family under climate change: Physiological, genetic and molecular perspectives: A review. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2024; 213:108814. [PMID: 38875780 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2024.108814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Revised: 06/03/2024] [Accepted: 06/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/16/2024]
Abstract
Drought stress is one of the most critical abiotic factors which negatively impacts on growth, productivity, and survival of plants. Grass species have an important role in the sustainable intensification of cropping systems. This review focus on the specific drought tolerance characteristics in grass species and application of prevalent classical and molecular methods for genetic improvement of them to drought stress. Generally, grass species adapt to drought stress by utilizing more than one strategy including of changes in the root growth, photosynthetic pigments, activation of antioxidant enzymes, and accumulation of compatible osmolytes. They also have other specific characteristics consisted of summer dormancy, drought recovery, and persistence, which lead to drought adaptation after prolonged drought. Studies on different grasses, indicated that most of above mentioned traits usually have positive correlation with drought tolerance. Also, high heritability has been reported for most of them in different grasses. Therefore, an effective index might be considering in identification of drought tolerance genotypes. Recently, high-throughput imaging phenotyping and advanced molecular techniques such as genotyping-by-sequencing (GBS), RNA sequencing, genome-wide association study, and genome editing help conventional breeding methods to increase the accuracy, selection efficiency, genetic gains, and speed of breeding programs for developing drought tolerant cultivars.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Pirnajmedin
- Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, College of Agriculture, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, 84156-83111, Iran.
| | - Kristina Jaškūnė
- Laboratory of Genetics and Physiology, Institute of Agriculture, Lithuanian Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry, Lithuania.
| | - Mohammad Mahdi Majidi
- Plant Genetics and Breeding, Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, College of Agriculture, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, 84156-83111, Iran.
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Kemešytė V, Statkevičiūtė G, Norkevičienė E, Jaškūnė K. Italian Ryegrass as a Forage Crop for the Baltics: Opportunities and Challenges in Light of Climate Change. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:3841. [PMID: 38005738 PMCID: PMC10674386 DOI: 10.3390/plants12223841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Revised: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023]
Abstract
Grasslands are important for sustainable milk and meat production as well as for providing other ecosystem services. One of the most productive components of short-term grasslands is Italian ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum subsp. italicum Lam.), offering high yield, excellent feed value, and high palatability to animals but low tolerance to abiotic stress. Global climate warming opens new opportunities and could be beneficial in increasing the potential of biomass production. In this study, we aimed to assess an Italian ryegrass cultivar of Lithuanian origin, 'Ugnė', for productivity and yield stability, with special emphasis on their relationship with climatic factors over a period of 14 years. The average winter temperatures and total spring precipitation explained 51% of the first-cut dry matter yield (DMY) variance. Second- and third-cut DMYs were associated with average temperature only. Italian ryegrass cv. 'Ugnė' demonstrated the potential to produce high dry matter yields after warm winters and withstand summer drought spells under Lithuanian conditions. However, mid-to-late-summer heat waves might reduce productivity and should be taken into consideration when breeding new Italian ryegrass cultivars.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Kristina Jaškūnė
- Lithuanian Research Centre of Agriculture and Forestry, Institute of Agriculture, Instituto al. 1, 58344 Akademija, Lithuania; (V.K.); (G.S.); (E.N.)
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Wang D, Zhang Y, Chen C, Chen R, Bai X, Qiang Z, Fu J, Qin T. The genetic variation in drought resistance in eighteen perennial ryegrass varieties and the underlying adaptation mechanisms. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2023; 23:451. [PMID: 37749497 PMCID: PMC10521523 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-023-04460-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 09/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Drought resistance is a complex characteristic closely related to the severity and duration of stress. Perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) has no distinct drought tolerance but often encounters drought stress seasonally. Although the response of perennial ryegrass to either extreme or moderate drought stress has been investigated, a comprehensive understanding of perennial ryegrass response to both conditions of drought stress is currently lacking. RESULTS In this study, we investigated the genetic variation in drought resistance in 18 perennial ryegrass varieties under both extreme and moderate drought conditions. The performance of these varieties exhibited obvious diversity, and the survival of perennial ryegrass under severe stress was not equal to good growth under moderate drought stress. 'Sopin', with superior performance under both stress conditions, was the best-performing variety. Transcriptome, physiological, and molecular analyses revealed that 'Sopin' adapted to drought stress through multiple sophisticated mechanisms. Under stress conditions, starch and sugar metabolic enzymes were highly expressed, while CslA was expressed at low levels in 'Sopin', promoting starch degradation and soluble sugar accumulation. The expression and activity of superoxide dismutase were significantly higher in 'Sopin', while the activity of peroxidase was lower, allowing for 'Sopin' to maintain a better balance between maintaining ROS signal transduction and alleviating oxidative damage. Furthermore, drought stress-related transcriptional and posttranscriptional regulatory mechanisms, including the upregulation of transcription factors, kinases, and E3 ubiquitin ligases, facilitate abscisic acid and stress signal transduction. CONCLUSION Our study provides insights into the resistance of perennial ryegrass to both extreme and moderate droughts and the underlying mechanisms by which perennial ryegrass adapts to drought conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Wang
- College of Grassland Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Yuting Zhang
- College of Grassland Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Chunyan Chen
- College of Grassland Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Ruixin Chen
- College of Grassland Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Xuechun Bai
- College of Grassland Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Zhiquan Qiang
- College of Grassland Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Juanjuan Fu
- College of Grassland Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Tao Qin
- College of Grassland Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China.
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Sustek-Sánchez F, Rognli OA, Rostoks N, Sõmera M, Jaškūnė K, Kovi MR, Statkevičiūtė G, Sarmiento C. Improving abiotic stress tolerance of forage grasses - prospects of using genome editing. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1127532. [PMID: 36824201 PMCID: PMC9941169 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1127532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Due to an increase in the consumption of food, feed, and fuel and to meet global food security needs for the rapidly growing human population, there is a necessity to obtain high-yielding crops that can adapt to future climate changes. Currently, the main feed source used for ruminant livestock production is forage grasses. In temperate climate zones, perennial grasses grown for feed are widely distributed and tend to suffer under unfavorable environmental conditions. Genome editing has been shown to be an effective tool for the development of abiotic stress-resistant plants. The highly versatile CRISPR-Cas system enables increasingly complex modifications in genomes while maintaining precision and low off-target frequency mutations. In this review, we provide an overview of forage grass species that have been subjected to genome editing. We offer a perspective view on the generation of plants resilient to abiotic stresses. Due to the broad factors contributing to these stresses the review focuses on drought, salt, heat, and cold stresses. The application of new genomic techniques (e.g., CRISPR-Cas) allows addressing several challenges caused by climate change and abiotic stresses for developing forage grass cultivars with improved adaptation to the future climatic conditions. Genome editing will contribute towards developing safe and sustainable food systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ferenz Sustek-Sánchez
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Tallinn University of Technology, Tallinn, Estonia
| | - Odd Arne Rognli
- Department of Plant Sciences, Faculty of Biosciences, Norwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU), Ås, Norway
| | - Nils Rostoks
- Department of Microbiology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, University of Latvia, Riga, Latvia
| | - Merike Sõmera
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Tallinn University of Technology, Tallinn, Estonia
| | - Kristina Jaškūnė
- Laboratory of Genetics and Physiology, Institute of Agriculture, Lithuanian Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry, Akademija, Lithuania
| | - Mallikarjuna Rao Kovi
- Department of Plant Sciences, Faculty of Biosciences, Norwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU), Ås, Norway
| | - Gražina Statkevičiūtė
- Laboratory of Genetics and Physiology, Institute of Agriculture, Lithuanian Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry, Akademija, Lithuania
| | - Cecilia Sarmiento
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Tallinn University of Technology, Tallinn, Estonia
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Gan L, Chen M, Zhang J, Fan J, Yan X. A Novel Beta-Glucosidase Gene for Plant Type Was Identified by Genome-Wide Association Study and Gene Co-Expression Analysis in Widespread Bermudagrass. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231911432. [PMID: 36232734 PMCID: PMC9570203 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231911432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Revised: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Bermudagrass (Cynodon spp.) is one of the most widely distributed warm-season grasses globally. The growth habits and plant type of bermudagrass are strongly associated with the applied purpose of the landscape, livestock, and eco-remediation. Therefore, persistent efforts are made to investigate the genetic basis of plant type and growth habits of bermudagrass. Here, we dissect the genetic diversity of 91 wild bermudagrass resources by genome-wide association studies (GWAS) combined with weighted gene co-expression analysis (WGCNA). This work is based on the RNA-seq data and the genome of African bermudagrass (Cynodon transvaalensis Burtt Davy). Sixteen reliable single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in transcribed regions were identified to be associated with the plant height and IAA content in diverse bermudagrass by GWAS. The integration of the results from WGCNA indicates that beta-glucosidase 31 (CdBGLU31) is a candidate gene underlying a G/A SNP signal. Furthermore, both qRT-PCR and correlation coefficient analyses indicate that CdBGLU31 might play a comprehensive role in plant height and IAA biosynthesis and signal. In addition, we observe lower plant height in Arabidopsis bglu11 mutants (homologs of CdBGLU31). It uncovers the breeding selection history of different plant types from diverse bermudagrass and provides new insights into the molecular function of CdBGLU31 both in plant types and in IAA biosynthetic pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Gan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
- Correspondence: (L.G.); (X.Y.)
| | - Minghui Chen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
- College of Economics and Management, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Jingxue Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Jibiao Fan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Xuebing Yan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
- Correspondence: (L.G.); (X.Y.)
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Talukder SK, Islam MS, Krom N, Chang J, Saha MC. Drought Responsive Putative Marker-Trait Association in Tall Fescue as Influenced by the Presence of a Novel Endophyte. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:729797. [PMID: 34745162 PMCID: PMC8565914 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.729797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.) is one of the most important cool-season perennial obligatory outcrossing forage grasses in the United States. The production and persistence of tall fescue is significantly affected by drought in the south-central United States. Shoot-specific endophyte (Epichloë coenophiala)-infected tall fescue showed superior performance under both biotic and abiotic stress conditions. We performed a genome-wide association analysis using clonal pairs of novel endophyte AR584-positive (EP) and endophyte-free (EF) tall fescue populations consisting of 205 genotypes to identify marker-trait associations (MTAs) that contribute to drought tolerance. The experiment was performed through November 2014 to June 2018 in the field, and phenotypic data were taken on plant height, plant spread, plant vigor, and dry biomass weight under natural summer conditions of sporadic drought. Genotyping-by-sequencing of the population generated 3,597 high quality single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) for further analysis. We identified 26 putative drought responsive MTAs (17 specific to EP, eight specific to EF, and one in both EP and EF populations) and nine of them (i.e., V.ep_10, S.ef_12, V.ep_27, HSV.ef_31, S.ep_30, SV.ef_32, V.ep_68, V.ef_56, and H.ef_57) were identified within 0.5 Mb region in the tall fescue genome (44.5-44.7, 75.3-75.8, 77.5-77.9 and 143.7-144.2 Mb). Using 26 MTAs, 11 tall fescue genotypes were selected for subsequent study to develop EP and EF drought tolerant tall fescue populations. Ten orthologous genes (six for EP and four for EF population) were identified in Brachypodium genome as potential candidates for drought tolerance in tall fescue, which were also earlier reported for their involvement in abiotic stress tolerance. The MTAs and candidate genes identified in this study will be useful for marker-assisted selection in improving drought tolerance of tall fescue as well opening avenue for further drought study in tall fescue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shyamal K. Talukder
- Grass Genomics, Noble Research Institute LLC, Ardmore, OK, United States
- Texas A&M AgriLife Research Center, Beaumont, TX, United States
| | - Md. Shofiqul Islam
- Grass Genomics, Noble Research Institute LLC, Ardmore, OK, United States
| | - Nick Krom
- Scientific Computing, Noble Research Institute LLC, Ardmore, OK, United States
| | - Junil Chang
- Scientific Computing, Noble Research Institute LLC, Ardmore, OK, United States
| | - Malay C. Saha
- Grass Genomics, Noble Research Institute LLC, Ardmore, OK, United States
- *Correspondence: Malay C. Saha,
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