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Muñoz-Acevedo A, González MC, Alonso JE, Flórez KC. The Repellent Capacity against Sitophilus zeamais (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) and In Vitro Inhibition of the Acetylcholinesterase Enzyme of 11 Essential Oils from Six Plants of the Caribbean Region of Colombia. Molecules 2024; 29:1753. [PMID: 38675573 PMCID: PMC11051817 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29081753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The repellent capacity against Sitophilus zeamais and the in vitro inhibition on AChE of 11 essential oils, isolated from six plants of the northern region of Colombia, were assessed using a modified tunnel-type device and the Ellman colorimetric method, respectively. The results were as follows: (i) the degree of repellency (DR) of the EOs against S. zeamais was 20-68% (2 h) and 28-74% (4 h); (ii) the IC50 values on AChE were 5-36 µg/mL; likewise, the %inh. on AChE (1 µg/cm3 per EO) did not show any effect in 91% of the EO tested; (iii) six EOs (Bursera graveolens-bark, B. graveolens-leaves, B. simaruba-bark, Peperomia pellucida-leaves, Piper holtonii (1b*)-leaves, and P. reticulatum-leaves) exhibited a DR (53-74%) ≥ C+ (chlorpyrifos-61%), while all EOs were less active (8-60-fold) on AChE compared to chlorpyrifos (IC50 of 0.59 µg/mL). Based on the ANOVA/linear regression and multivariate analysis of data, some differences/similarities could be established, as well as identifying the most active EOs (five: B. simaruba-bark, Pep. Pellucida-leaves, P. holtonii (1b*)-leaves, B. graveolens-bark, and B. graveolens-leaves). Finally, these EOs were constituted by spathulenol (24%)/β-selinene (18%)/caryophyllene oxide (10%)-B. simaruba; carotol (44%)/dillapiole (21%)-Pep. pellucida; dillapiole (81% confirmed by 1H-/13C-NMR)-P. holtonii; mint furanone derivative (14%)/mint furanone (14%)-B. graveolens-bark; limonene (17%)/carvone (10%)-B. graveolens-leaves.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amner Muñoz-Acevedo
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, Universidad del Norte, Puerto Colombia 081007, Colombia;
| | - María C. González
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, Universidad del Norte, Puerto Colombia 081007, Colombia;
| | - Jesús E. Alonso
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Universidad del Norte, Puerto Colombia 081007, Colombia; (J.E.A.); (K.C.F.)
| | - Karen C. Flórez
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Universidad del Norte, Puerto Colombia 081007, Colombia; (J.E.A.); (K.C.F.)
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Changkeb V, Nobsathian S, Le Goff G, Coustau C, Bullangpoti V. Insecticidal efficacy and possibility of Combretum trifoliatum Vent. (Myrtales: Combretaceae) extracts in controlling Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2023; 79:4868-4878. [PMID: 37506299 DOI: 10.1002/ps.7688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2023] [Revised: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/29/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The fall armyworm Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith), is an important pest of agronomical crops. It is interesting to discover secondary metabolites in plants that are environmentally safer than synthetic pesticides. For this purpose, Combretum trifoliatum crude extract and its isolated compounds were investigated for their insecticidal activities against S. frugiperda. RESULTS The median lethal dose (LD50 ) was evaluated in the second-instar larvae using the topical application method. The isolated compounds, apigenin and camphor, demonstrated a highly toxic effect on larvae at a lower LD50 dose than crude extract. Moreover, when the larvae were exposed to crude extract concentrations, the development to pupa and adult stages was reduced by more than 50%. The ovicidal toxicity was examined using a hand sprayer. The extract concentration 5, 10, and 20 μg/egg significantly decreased the egg hatchability. In addition, crude extract showed a significant difference in inhibiting acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity while crude extract and camphor showed significant inhibitory effects on carboxylesterase (CE) and glutathione-S-transferase (GST) activities. CONCLUSION The crude ethanol extract of Combretum trifoliatum was toxic to S. frugiperda in terms of larval mortality, negatively affecting biological parameters, and decreasing egg hatchability. Additionally, the activities of cholinergic and detoxifying enzymes were affected by crude extract and its isolated compounds. These results highlight that Combretum trifoliatum might be efficient as a bioinsecticide to control S. frugiperda. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veeravat Changkeb
- Animal Toxicology and Physiology Specialty Research Unit, Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | | | - Gaelle Le Goff
- Université Côte d'Azur, INRAE, CNRS, ISA, F-06903 Sophia Antipolis, France
| | - Christine Coustau
- Université Côte d'Azur, INRAE, CNRS, ISA, F-06903 Sophia Antipolis, France
| | - Vasakorn Bullangpoti
- Animal Toxicology and Physiology Specialty Research Unit, Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand
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Ramírez-Ordorica A, Patiño-Medina JA, Meza-Carmen V, Macías-Rodríguez L. Volatile Fingerprint Mediates Yeast-to-Mycelial Conversion in Two Strains of Beauveria bassiana Exhibiting Varied Virulence. J Fungi (Basel) 2023; 9:1135. [PMID: 38132736 PMCID: PMC10744692 DOI: 10.3390/jof9121135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Revised: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Beauveria bassiana is a dimorphic and entomopathogenic fungus with different ecological roles in nature. In pathogenic fungi, yeast-to-mycelial conversion, which is controlled by environmental factors, is required for virulence. Here, we studied the effects of different stimuli on the morphology of two B. bassiana strains and compared the toxicities of culture filtrates. In addition, we explored the role of volatiles as quorum sensing-like signals during dimorphic transition. The killing assays in Caenorhabditis elegans (Nematoda: Rhabditidae) showed that strain AI2 isolated from a mycosed insect cadaver had higher toxicity than strain AS5 isolated from soil. Furthermore, AI2 showed earlier yeast-to-mycelial switching than AS5. However, an increase in inoculum size induced faster yeast-to-mycelium conversion in AS5 cells, suggesting a cell-density-dependent phenomenon. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analyses showed that the fingerprint of the volatiles was strain-specific; however, during the morphological switching, an inverse relationship between the abundance of total terpenes and 3-methylbutanol was observed in both strains. Fungal exposure to 3-methylbutanol retarded the yeast-to-mycelium transition. Hence, this study provides evidence that volatile compounds are associated with critical events in the life cycle of B. bassiana.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Lourdes Macías-Rodríguez
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químico Biológicas, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Ciudad Universitaria, Morelia C.P. 58030, Michoacán, Mexico; (A.R.-O.); (J.A.P.-M.); (V.M.-C.)
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Ayllón-Gutiérrez R, López-Maldonado EA, Macías-Alonso M, González Marrero J, Díaz-Rubio L, Córdova-Guerrero I. Evaluation of the Stability of a 1,8-Cineole Nanoemulsion and Its Fumigant Toxicity Effect against the Pests Tetranychus urticae, Rhopalosiphum maidis and Bemisia tabaci. INSECTS 2023; 14:663. [PMID: 37504669 PMCID: PMC10380510 DOI: 10.3390/insects14070663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Revised: 07/15/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
Pest control is a main concern in agriculture. Indiscriminate application of synthetic pesticides has caused negative impacts leading to the rapid development of resistance in arthropod pests. Plant secondary metabolites have been proposed as a safer alternative to conventional pesticides. Monoterpenoids have reported bioactivities against important pests; however, due to their high volatility, low water solubility and chemical instability, the application of these compounds has been limited. Nanosystems represent a potential vehicle for the broad application of monoterpenoids. In this study, an 1,8-cineole nanoemulsion was prepared by the low energy method of phase inversion, characterization of droplet size distribution and polydispersity index (PDI) was carried out by dynamic light scattering and stability was evaluated by centrifugation and Turbiscan analysis. Fumigant bioactivity was evaluated against Tetranychus urticae, Rhopalosiphum maidis and Bemisia tabaci. A nanoemulsion with oil:surfactant:water ratio of 0.5:1:8.5 had a droplet size of 14.7 nm and PDI of 0.178. Formulation was stable after centrifugation and the Turbiscan analysis showed no particle migration and a delta backscattering of ±1%. Nanoemulsion exhibited around 50% more bioactivity as a fumigant on arthropods when compared to free monoterpenoid. These results suggest that nanoformulations can provide volatile compounds of protection against volatilization, improving their bioactivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rocío Ayllón-Gutiérrez
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas e Ingeniería, Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, Tijuana 22390, Mexico
| | | | - Mariana Macías-Alonso
- Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Unidad Profesional Interdisciplinaria de Ingeniería Campus Guanajuato, Av. Mineral de Valenciana 200 Col. Fracc. Industrial Puerto Interior, Silao 36275, Mexico
| | - Joaquín González Marrero
- Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Unidad Profesional Interdisciplinaria de Ingeniería Campus Guanajuato, Av. Mineral de Valenciana 200 Col. Fracc. Industrial Puerto Interior, Silao 36275, Mexico
| | - Laura Díaz-Rubio
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas e Ingeniería, Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, Tijuana 22390, Mexico
| | - Iván Córdova-Guerrero
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas e Ingeniería, Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, Tijuana 22390, Mexico
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Liu J, Hua J, Wang Y, Guo X, Luo S. Caterpillars Detoxify Diterpenoid from Nepeta stewartiana by the Molting Hormone Gene CYP306A1. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023. [PMID: 37331015 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c02779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/20/2023]
Abstract
Herbivorous insects are well known for detoxifying a broad range of the defense compounds produced by the plants that they feed on, but knowledge of the mechanisms of detoxification is still very limited. Here, we describe a system in which two species of lepidopteran caterpillars metabolize an abietane diterpene from the plants of Nepeta stewartiana Diels to an oxygenated derivative that is less active biologically. We found that this transformation could be catalyzed by a cytochrome P450 enzyme in caterpillars, which are associated with molting. Most interestingly, abietane diterpene targets the molting-associated gene CYP306A1 to alter the content of molting hormones in the insect at specific developmental stages and competitively inhibit molting hormone metabolism. These findings identify the mechanism by which caterpillars are able to detoxify abietane diterpenoid through hydroxylation at the C-19 position, which may be opening up exciting research questions into the mechanisms of interaction between plants and insects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayi Liu
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Juan Hua
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Yangyang Wang
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Xuanyue Guo
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Shihong Luo
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, Liaoning Province, China
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Rangel LDS, Paiva Machado F, Amaral R, Cláudia Rodrigues Da Silva A, Santos MG, Albuquerque Dos Santos JA, Lidmar Von Ranke N, Rodrigues CR, Rocha L, Faria RX. Molluskicidal nanoemulsion of Neomitranthes obscura (DC.) N. Silveira for schistosomiasis control. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1078936. [PMID: 36909200 PMCID: PMC10002965 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1078936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Schistosomiasis is caused by the parasite Schistosoma mansoni, which uses mollusks of the Biomphalaria genus as intermediate hosts. In 2020, approximately 241 million people worldwide underwent treatment for schistosomiasis. For this reason, the World Health Organization encourages research on alternative molluskicides based on plant species. The objective of this work was to investigate Neomitranthes obscura essential oil from leaf chemical composition and its essential oil nanoemulsion activity on intermediate hosts of schistosomiasis Biomphalaria glabrata control. The major chemical components of the Neomitranthes obscura essential oil were zonarene, seline-3,7(11)-diene, β-selinene, and α-selinene. The nanoemulsion tested using 24-well plate methodology showed lethality and juvenile mollusks with LC90 values of 53.9 and 25.0 ppm after 48 h, respectively, and on their spawning with an LC90 of 66.2 ppm after 48 h. Additionally, the nanoemulsion exhibited an LC90 value against the infective form of the parasite Schistosoma mansoni of 11.5 ppm after 4 h. This pharmaceutical formulation acted inhibiting the acetylcholinesterase activity and was not toxic for Mellanoides sp. This result suggests the use of this nanoformulation as a promising alternative in the control of Biomphalaria glabrata and the transmission of schistosomiasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonardo da Silva Rangel
- Laboratório de Avaliação e Promoção da Saúde Ambiental, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
- Programa de Pós Graduação em Ciências e Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, RJ, Brazil
| | - Francisco Paiva Machado
- Laboratório de Tecnologia de Produtos Naturais, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, RJ, Brazil
- Programa de Pós Graduação em Biotecnologia Vegetal e Bioprocessos, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Raquel Amaral
- Departamento de Ciências, Faculdade de Formação de Professores, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Ana Cláudia Rodrigues Da Silva
- Laboratório de Avaliação e Promoção da Saúde Ambiental, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
- Programa de Pós Graduação em Ciências e Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, RJ, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Guerra Santos
- Departamento de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Amapá, Macapá, AP, Brazil
| | | | - Natalia Lidmar Von Ranke
- Centro de Formação de Professores, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Carlos Rangel Rodrigues
- Centro de Formação de Professores, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Leandro Rocha
- Programa de Pós Graduação em Ciências e Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, RJ, Brazil
- Laboratório de Tecnologia de Produtos Naturais, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, RJ, Brazil
- Programa de Pós Graduação em Biotecnologia Vegetal e Bioprocessos, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Robson Xavier Faria
- Laboratório de Avaliação e Promoção da Saúde Ambiental, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
- Programa de Pós Graduação em Ciências e Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, RJ, Brazil
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Abd Elghani EM, El Sayed AM, Abdel-Aziz Emam MM, Al-Mahallawi AM, Tadros SH, Soliman FM, Youssef FS. Seasonal metabolic profiling of Valencia orange leaf essential oil using GC coupled with chemometrics, nano-formulation, and insecticidal evaluation: in vivo and in silico. RSC Adv 2023; 13:1659-1671. [PMID: 36688069 PMCID: PMC9827590 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra06273a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Mosquitoes and mosquito-borne infectious diseases are a global challenge, especially with increased resistance to synthetic insecticides. The foregoing study aimed to utilize the essential oil of leaves of Citrus sinensis var. Valencia as a cheap, safe, eco-friendly (green), and effective alternative to chemical insecticides. Essential oil samples were collected from fresh and dried leaves across different seasons. They are subjected to hydrodistillation and then GC analysis to be compared. Seventy-seven compounds were detected in all samples where monoterpene hydrocarbons represented the most abundant class of hydrocarbons in fresh leaves (52.6-74.4%) and dried leaves (58.6-66.9%). Sabinene (8.26-29.2%), delta-3-carene (8.23-16.4%), d-limonene (2.50-11.2%), and β-myrcene (2.40-4.93%) were the major monoterpene hydrocarbons in all seasons. Oxygenated monoterpenes comprising β-linalool, citronellal, terpinen-4-ol, β-citral, and α-citral exhibited also appreciable percentages in fresh (21.2-43.4%) and dried leaves (23.4-33.0%). Hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) and principal component analysis (PCA) effectively segregated all samples into three discriminate clusters where, β-linalool, terpinen-4-ol, β-elemene enantiomer, sabinene, and β-phellandrene constitute the main discriminatory biomarkers. Essential oil of fresh spring leaves (FS) was chosen for nano-formulation adopting the hot emulsification method. Both FS sample and the prepared nano-hexosomal formula were screened against the 3rd instar larvae Culex pipiens L. (common house mosquito). LC50 and LC95 values of FS and oil loaded nano-formula were (48 and 30 552 mg L-1) and (30 and 1830 mg L-1) respectively. α-Citral followed by citronellal showed the best fitting within the binding sites of acetylcholine esterase enzyme utilizing molecular docking. Thus, it can be concluded that Valencia orange leaf as a nano-formulation could serve as an effective and sustainable insecticidal agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eman M. Abd Elghani
- Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo UniversityCairo 11562Egypt+20 1115438352
| | - Abeer M. El Sayed
- Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo UniversityCairo 11562Egypt+20 1115438352
| | - Marwa M. Abdel-Aziz Emam
- Medical Microbiology Department, The Regional Center for Mycology and Biotechnology, Al-Azhar UniversityCairoEgypt
| | - Abdulaziz M. Al-Mahallawi
- Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo UniversityCairoEgypt,School of Life and Medical Sciences, University of Hertfordshire Hosted By Global Academic FoundationNew Administrative CapitalCairoEgypt
| | - Soad H. Tadros
- Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo UniversityCairo 11562Egypt+20 1115438352
| | - Fathy M. Soliman
- Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo UniversityCairo 11562Egypt+20 1115438352
| | - Fadia S. Youssef
- Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams UniversityCairo 11566Egypt
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Huang X, Du L, Liu T, Ma R, Liu X, Yuan H, Liu S. Insecticidal Activity of a Component, (-)-4-Terpineol, Isolated from the Essential Oil of Artemisia lavandulaefolia DC. against Plutella xylostella (L.). INSECTS 2022; 13:1126. [PMID: 36555036 PMCID: PMC9783381 DOI: 10.3390/insects13121126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Plutella xylostella (L.) is one of the most serious pests of cruciferous vegetables. Our previous work demonstrated that the essential oil of Artemisia lavandulaefolia DC. exhibits promising insecticidal activities against P. xylostella. This study further characterizes the key components that are responsible for the insecticidal effect. In total, 47 compounds (96.52% of the total compounds) were identified from the total oil using GC-MS, and the major compounds were eucalyptol (21.57%), D(+)-camphor (17.33%), (-)-4-terpineol (9.96%) and caryophyllene oxide (10.96%). Among them, (-)-4-terpineol showed significantly larvicidal and fumigant activities against P. xylostella. The LD50 of (-)-4-terpineol was 43.15 mg/mL at 12 h and 31.22 mg/mL at 24 h for 3rd instar larvae, and the LC50 for adults was 8.34 mg/mL at 12 h and 7.35 mg/mL at 24 h. In addition, the adults treated with (-)-4-terpineol showed varying degrees of inhibitory activity toward glutathione S-transferase, catalase, acetylcholinesterase and Na+/K+-ATPase at different post-treatment intervals and concentrations. The results indicate that (-)-4-terpineol has promising insecticidal activities against P. xylostella, and it has good inhibitory effects on the four enzymes of P. xylostella adults.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Haibin Yuan
- Correspondence: (H.Y.); (S.L.); Tel.: +86-0431-8433-3719 (H.Y.)
| | - Shuai Liu
- Correspondence: (H.Y.); (S.L.); Tel.: +86-0431-8433-3719 (H.Y.)
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Ebadollahi A, Naseri B, Abedi Z, Setzer WN, Changbunjong T. Promising Insecticidal Efficiency of Essential Oils Isolated from Four Cultivated Eucalyptus Species in Iran against the Lesser Grain Borer, Rhyzopertha dominica (F.). INSECTS 2022; 13:insects13060517. [PMID: 35735854 PMCID: PMC9224839 DOI: 10.3390/insects13060517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Revised: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Simple Summary Eucalyptus essential oils have shown promising insecticidal effects on several insect pests. The lesser grain borer, Rhyzopertha dominica (F.), causes economically significant damage to stored grains as an internal primary insect pest. In this study, the chemical compositions of essential oils isolated from four Eucalyptus species. E. microtheca, E. procera, E. spatulata, and E. torquata were detected and identified using a gas chromatography-mass spectrometer, and their lethal and sublethal insecticidal effects were evaluated against the adults of R. dominica. Although all essential oils have significant fumigant toxicity, due to the high relative potency, R. dominica was more susceptible to the E. procera essential oil than the others. The total protein, glycogen, and lipid contents and digestive amylase and protease enzyme activities of the treated insects were reduced. The nutritional indices consumption index, relative consumption rate, and relative growth rate were also reduced in the treated adults. The findings of this study reveal that E. microtheca, E. procera, E. spatulata, and E. torquata essential oils can be potentially used for the development of eco-friendly natural agents for the management of R. dominica. Abstract The lesser grain borer, Rhyzopertha dominica (F.), causes damage to stored grains resulting in both quantitative and qualitative losses. The use of synthetic fumigants in the management of stored-product pests resulted in undesirable side effects such as environmental contamination and threat to human and animal health. In this study, the lethal and sublethal effects of essential oils from four Eucalyptus species, E. microtheca, E. procera, E. spatulata, and E. torquata were studied against R. dominica adults. Gas chromatographic–mass spectral analysis of the essential oils was carried out, in which terpenes such as 1,8-cineole and globulol were abundant in essential oils. The pest was susceptible to the fumigation of the essential oils and, considering concentrations and exposure times (24, 48, and 72 h), had significant effects on the pest mortality. The total protein, glycogen, and lipid contents and digestive amylolytic and proteolytic activities of the adults treated with tested essential oils were reduced. The consumption index, relative consumption rate, and relative growth rate were also reduced in the treated adults. According to the insecticidal effects on the adults of R. dominica, the essential oils of E. microtheca, E. procera, E. spatulata, and E. torquata can be candidates for further investigations as grain protectant agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asgar Ebadollahi
- Department of Plant Sciences, Moghan College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil 5697194781, Iran
- Correspondence: (A.E.); (T.C.)
| | - Bahram Naseri
- Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil 5697194781, Iran; (B.N.); (Z.A.)
| | - Zahra Abedi
- Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil 5697194781, Iran; (B.N.); (Z.A.)
| | - William N. Setzer
- Aromatic Plant Research Center, 230 N 1200 E, Suite 100, Lehi, UT 84043, USA;
| | - Tanasak Changbunjong
- Department of Pre-Clinic and Applied Animal Science, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom 73170, Thailand
- Correspondence: (A.E.); (T.C.)
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Lazarević J, Jevremović S, Kostić I, Vuleta A, Manitašević Jovanović S, Kostić M, Šešlija Jovanović D. Assessment of Sex-Specific Toxicity and Physiological Responses to Thymol in a Common Bean Pest Acanthoscelides obtectus Say. Front Physiol 2022; 13:842314. [PMID: 35250641 PMCID: PMC8892178 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.842314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Acanthoscelides obtectus Say (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Bruchinae), is one of the most important pests of the common bean Phaseolus vulgaris L. Without appropriate management it may cause significant seed loss in storages. In search for means of environmentally safe and effective protection of beans we assessed biological activity of thymol, an oxygenated monoterpene present in essential oils of many aromatic plants. We studied contact toxicity of thymol on bean seeds and its effects on adult longevity and emergence in F1 generation. Furthermore, we determined acetylcholinesterase (AChE), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), mixed-function oxidase (MFO), carboxylesterases (CarE) and glutathione S-transferase (GST) activities in response to 24 h exposure of beetles to sublethal and lethal thymol concentrations. Our results showed that thymol decreased adult survival, longevity and percentage of adult emergence. Higher median lethal concentration (LC50) was recorded in females indicating their higher tolerance comparing to males. Overall, activities of SOD, CAT and CarE increased at sublethal and MFO increased at both sublethal and lethal thymol concentrations. On the other hand, GST and AChE activities decreased along with the increase in thymol concentrations from sublethal (1/5 of LC50, 1/2 of LC50) to lethal (LC50). Enzyme responses to the presence of thymol on bean seed were sex-specific. In the control group females had lower CarE and higher SOD, CAT and GST activity than males. In treatment groups, females had much higher CAT activity and much lower CarE activity than males. Our results contribute to deeper understanding of physiological mechanisms underlying thymol toxicity and tolerance which should be taken into account in future formulation of a thymol-based insecticide.
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