|
1
|
Xiao W, Xiang P, Liao W, Xiong Z, Peng L, Zou L, Liu B, Li Q. Effects of polystyrene microplastics on the growth and metabolism of highland barley seedlings based on LC-MS. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2024; 15:1477605. [PMID: 39741681 PMCID: PMC11685026 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2024.1477605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2024] [Accepted: 11/26/2024] [Indexed: 01/03/2025]
Abstract
Microplastics are widely present in the environment and can adversely affect plants. In this paper, the effects of different concentrations of microplastics on physiological indices and metabolites of highland barley were investigated for the first time using a metabolomics approach, and revealed the response mechanism of barley seedlings to polystyrene microplastics (PS-MPs) was revealed. The results showed that the aboveground biomass of highland barley exposed to low (10 mg/L) and medium (50 mg/L) concentrations of PS-MPs increased by 32.2% and 48.2%, respectively. The root length also increased by 16.4% and 21.6%, respectively. However, the aboveground biomass of highland barley exposed to high (100 mg/L) concentrations of PS-MPs decreased by 34.8%, leaf length by 20.7%, and root length by 25.9%. Microplastic exposure increased the levels of antioxidant activity, suggesting that highland barley responds to microplastic stress through oxidative stress. Metabolome analysis revealed that the contents of 4 metabolites increased significantly with increasing PS-MPs concentration in positive ionmode, while the contents of 8 metabolites increased significantly with increasing PS-MPs concentration in negative ionmode (P < 0.05), including prunin, dactylorhin E, and schisantherin B. Additionally, PS-MPs significantly interfered with highland barley flavonoid biosynthesis, pyrimidine metabolism, purine metabolism, fatty acid biosynthesis, and phenylpropanoid biosynthesis metabolic pathways. This study provides a new theoretical basis for a deeper understanding of the effects of different concentrations of PS-MPs on highland barley.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Qiang Li
- *Correspondence: Bingliang Liu, ; Qiang Li,
| |
Collapse
|
|
2
|
Cai O, Zhang H, Yang L, Wu H, Qin M, Yao W, Huang F, Li L, Lin S. Integrated Transcriptome and Metabolome Analyses Reveal Bamboo Culm Color Formation Mechanisms Involved in Anthocyanin Biosynthetic in Phyllostachys nigra. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1738. [PMID: 38339012 PMCID: PMC10855043 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25031738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 01/27/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Phyllostachys nigra has green young culms (S1) and purple black mature culms (S4). Anthocyanins are the principal pigment responsible for color presentation in ornamental plants. We employ a multi-omics approach to investigate the regulatory mechanisms of anthocyanins in Ph. nigra. Firstly, we found that the pigments of the culm of Ph. nigra accumulated only in one to four layers of cells below the epidermis. The levels of total anthocyanins and total flavonoids gradually increased during the process of bamboo culm color formation. Metabolomics analysis indicated that the predominant pigment metabolites observed were petunidin 3-O-glucoside and malvidin O-hexoside, exhibiting a significant increase of up to 9.36-fold and 13.23-fold, respectively, during pigmentation of Ph. nigra culm. Transcriptomics sequencing has revealed that genes involved in flavonoid biosynthesis, phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, and starch and sucrose metabolism pathways were significantly enriched, leading to color formation. A total of 62 differentially expressed structural genes associated with anthocyanin synthesis were identified. Notably, PnANS2, PnUFGT2, PnCHI2, and PnCHS1 showed significant correlations with anthocyanin metabolites. Additionally, certain transcription factors such as PnMYB6 and PnMYB1 showed significant positive or negative correlations with anthocyanins. With the accumulation of sucrose, the expression of PnMYB6 is enhanced, which in turn triggers the expression of anthocyanin biosynthesis genes. Based on these findings, we propose that these key genes primarily regulate the anthocyanin synthesis pathway in the culm and contribute to the accumulation of anthocyanin, ultimately resulting in the purple-black coloration of Ph. nigra.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ou Cai
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China; (O.C.); (H.Z.); (L.Y.); (H.W.); (M.Q.); (W.Y.); (F.H.)
- Bamboo Research Institute, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Hanjiao Zhang
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China; (O.C.); (H.Z.); (L.Y.); (H.W.); (M.Q.); (W.Y.); (F.H.)
- Bamboo Research Institute, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Lu Yang
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China; (O.C.); (H.Z.); (L.Y.); (H.W.); (M.Q.); (W.Y.); (F.H.)
- Bamboo Research Institute, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Hongyu Wu
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China; (O.C.); (H.Z.); (L.Y.); (H.W.); (M.Q.); (W.Y.); (F.H.)
- Bamboo Research Institute, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Min Qin
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China; (O.C.); (H.Z.); (L.Y.); (H.W.); (M.Q.); (W.Y.); (F.H.)
- Bamboo Research Institute, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Wenjing Yao
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China; (O.C.); (H.Z.); (L.Y.); (H.W.); (M.Q.); (W.Y.); (F.H.)
- Bamboo Research Institute, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Feiyi Huang
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China; (O.C.); (H.Z.); (L.Y.); (H.W.); (M.Q.); (W.Y.); (F.H.)
- Bamboo Research Institute, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Long Li
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China; (O.C.); (H.Z.); (L.Y.); (H.W.); (M.Q.); (W.Y.); (F.H.)
- Bamboo Research Institute, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Shuyan Lin
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China; (O.C.); (H.Z.); (L.Y.); (H.W.); (M.Q.); (W.Y.); (F.H.)
- Bamboo Research Institute, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| |
Collapse
|
|
3
|
Yu L, Yue J, Dai Y, Zhang L, Wang Q, Yuan J. Characterization of color variation in bamboo sheath of Chimonobambusa hejiangensis by UPLC-ESI-MS/MS and RNA sequencing. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2023; 23:466. [PMID: 37803268 PMCID: PMC10557168 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-023-04494-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chimonobambusa hejiangensis (C.hejiangensis) is a high-quality bamboo species native to China, known for its shoots that are a popular nutritional food. Three C.hejiangensis cultivars exhibit unique color variation in their shoot sheaths, however, the molecular mechanism behind this color change remains unclear. METHODS We investigated flavonoid accumulation in the three bamboo cultivar sheaths using metabolomics and transcriptomics. RESULTS UPLC-MS/MS identified 969 metabolites, with 187, 103, and 132 having differential accumulation in the yellow-sheath (YShe) vs. spot-sheath (SShe)/black-sheath (BShe) and SShe vs. BShe comparison groups. Flavonoids were the major metabolites that determined bamboo sheath color through differential accumulation of metabolites (DAMs) analysis. Additionally, there were 33 significantly differentially expressed flavonoid structural genes involved in the anthocyanin synthesis pathway based on transcriptome data. We conducted a KEGG analysis on DEGs and DAMs, revealing significant enrichment of phenylpropanoid and flavonoid biosynthetic pathways. Using gene co-expression network analysis, we identified nine structural genes and 29 transcription factors strongly linked to anthocyanin biosynthesis. CONCLUSION We identified a comprehensive regulatory network for flavonoid biosynthesis which should improve our comprehension of the molecular mechanisms responsible for color variation and flavonoid biosynthesis in bamboo sheaths.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lei Yu
- Research Institute of Subtropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Fuyang District, Hangzhou, 311400, China
| | - Jinjun Yue
- Research Institute of Subtropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Fuyang District, Hangzhou, 311400, China
| | - Yaxing Dai
- Research Institute of Subtropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Fuyang District, Hangzhou, 311400, China
| | - Ling Zhang
- Forestry and Bamboo Bureau of Changning County, Sichuan Province, 644300, China
| | - Qiu Wang
- Forestry and Bamboo Bureau of Changning County, Sichuan Province, 644300, China
| | - Jinling Yuan
- Research Institute of Subtropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Fuyang District, Hangzhou, 311400, China.
| |
Collapse
|
|
4
|
Zhu C, Lou Y, Yang K, Liu Y, Xiao X, Li Z, Guo D, Sun H, Gao Z. Integrative analyses of morphology, physiology, and transcriptional expression profiling reveal miRNAs involved in culm color in bamboo. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:992794. [PMID: 36164374 PMCID: PMC9508110 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.992794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Culm color variation is an interesting phenomenon that contributes to the breeding of new varieties of ornamental plants during domestication. De-domesticated variation is considered ideal for identifying and interpreting the molecular mechanisms of plant mutations. However, the variation in culm color of bamboo remains unknown. In the present study, yellow and green culms generated from the same rhizome of Phyllostachys vivax cv. Aureocaulis (P. vivax) were used to elucidate the molecular mechanism of culm color formation. Phenotypic and physiological data showed that environmental suitability was higher in green culms than in yellow culms. High-throughput sequencing analysis showed 295 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and 22 differentially expressed miRNAs (DEMs) in two different colored bamboo culms. There were 103 DEM-DEG interaction pairs, of which a representative "miRNA-mRNA" regulatory module involved in photosynthesis and pigment metabolism was formed by 14 DEM-DEG pairs. The interaction of the three key pairs was validated by qPCR and dual-luciferase assays. This study provides new insights into the molecular mechanism of miRNAs involved in P. vivax culm color formation, which provides evidence for plant de-domestication and is helpful for revealing the evolutionary mechanism of bamboo.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chenglei Zhu
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration/Beijing for Bamboo and Rattan Science and Technology, Beijing, China
- Institute of Gene Science and Industrialization for Bamboo and Rattan Resources, International Center for Bamboo and Rattan, Beijing, China
| | - Yongfeng Lou
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Biotechnology, Jiangxi Academy of Forestry, Nanchang, China
| | - Kebin Yang
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration/Beijing for Bamboo and Rattan Science and Technology, Beijing, China
- Institute of Gene Science and Industrialization for Bamboo and Rattan Resources, International Center for Bamboo and Rattan, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Liu
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration/Beijing for Bamboo and Rattan Science and Technology, Beijing, China
- Institute of Gene Science and Industrialization for Bamboo and Rattan Resources, International Center for Bamboo and Rattan, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoyan Xiao
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration/Beijing for Bamboo and Rattan Science and Technology, Beijing, China
- Institute of Gene Science and Industrialization for Bamboo and Rattan Resources, International Center for Bamboo and Rattan, Beijing, China
| | - Ziyang Li
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration/Beijing for Bamboo and Rattan Science and Technology, Beijing, China
- Institute of Gene Science and Industrialization for Bamboo and Rattan Resources, International Center for Bamboo and Rattan, Beijing, China
| | - Dong Guo
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration/Beijing for Bamboo and Rattan Science and Technology, Beijing, China
- Institute of Gene Science and Industrialization for Bamboo and Rattan Resources, International Center for Bamboo and Rattan, Beijing, China
| | - Huayu Sun
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration/Beijing for Bamboo and Rattan Science and Technology, Beijing, China
- Institute of Gene Science and Industrialization for Bamboo and Rattan Resources, International Center for Bamboo and Rattan, Beijing, China
| | - Zhimin Gao
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration/Beijing for Bamboo and Rattan Science and Technology, Beijing, China
- Institute of Gene Science and Industrialization for Bamboo and Rattan Resources, International Center for Bamboo and Rattan, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|