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Badiyal A, Mahajan R, Rana RS, Sood R, Walia A, Rana T, Manhas S, Jayswal DK. Synergizing biotechnology and natural farming: pioneering agricultural sustainability through innovative interventions. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2024; 15:1280846. [PMID: 38584951 PMCID: PMC10995308 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2024.1280846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
The world has undergone a remarkable transformation from the era of famines to an age of global food production that caters to an exponentially growing population. This transformation has been made possible by significant agricultural revolutions, marked by the intensification of agriculture through the infusion of mechanical, industrial, and economic inputs. However, this rapid advancement in agriculture has also brought about the proliferation of agricultural inputs such as pesticides, fertilizers, and irrigation, which have given rise to long-term environmental crises. Over the past two decades, we have witnessed a concerning plateau in crop production, the loss of arable land, and dramatic shifts in climatic conditions. These challenges have underscored the urgent need to protect our global commons, particularly the environment, through a participatory approach that involves countries worldwide, regardless of their developmental status. To achieve the goal of sustainability in agriculture, it is imperative to adopt multidisciplinary approaches that integrate fields such as biology, engineering, chemistry, economics, and community development. One noteworthy initiative in this regard is Zero Budget Natural Farming, which highlights the significance of leveraging the synergistic effects of both plant and animal products to enhance crop establishment, build soil fertility, and promote the proliferation of beneficial microorganisms. The ultimate aim is to create self-sustainable agro-ecosystems. This review advocates for the incorporation of biotechnological tools in natural farming to expedite the dynamism of such systems in an eco-friendly manner. By harnessing the power of biotechnology, we can increase the productivity of agro-ecology and generate abundant supplies of food, feed, fiber, and nutraceuticals to meet the needs of our ever-expanding global population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anila Badiyal
- Department of Microbiology, Chaudhary Sarwan Kumar Himachal Pradesh Krishi Vishvavidyalaya, Palampur, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Rishi Mahajan
- Department of Microbiology, Chaudhary Sarwan Kumar Himachal Pradesh Krishi Vishvavidyalaya, Palampur, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Ranbir Singh Rana
- Centre for Geo-Informatics Research and Training, Chaudhary Sarwan Kumar Himachal Pradesh Krishi Vishvavidyalaya, Palampur, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Ruchi Sood
- Centre for Geo-Informatics Research and Training, Chaudhary Sarwan Kumar Himachal Pradesh Krishi Vishvavidyalaya, Palampur, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Abhishek Walia
- Department of Microbiology, Chaudhary Sarwan Kumar Himachal Pradesh Krishi Vishvavidyalaya, Palampur, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Tanuja Rana
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Chaudhary Sarwan Kumar Himachal Pradesh Krishi Vishvavidyalaya, Palampur, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Shilpa Manhas
- Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, India
| | - D. K. Jayswal
- National Agricultural Higher Education Project, Indian Council of Agricultural Research, New Delhi, India
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Lin Y, Liu S, Fang X, Ren Y, You Z, Xia J, Hakeem A, Yang Y, Wang L, Fang J, Shangguan L. The physiology of drought stress in two grapevine cultivars: Photosynthesis, antioxidant system, and osmotic regulation responses. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2023; 175:e14005. [PMID: 37882275 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.14005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Revised: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023]
Abstract
Drought stress impedes viticultural plant growth and development by modifying various metabolic pathways. However, the regulatory network response underlying drought stress is not yet clear. In this study, the leaves and roots of "Shine Muscat" ("SM," Vitis labruscana × Vitis vinifera) and "Thompson Seedless" ("TS," V. vinifera L. cv.) were subjected to drought stress to study the regulatory network used by drought stress. Morphophysiological results showed that the malondialdehyde content after 28 days of drought stress increased more significantly in "TS" than "SM." Furthermore, the multiomics analysis studies showed that a total of 3036-6714 differentially expressed genes and 379-385 differentially abundant metabolites were identified in "SM" and "TS" grapevine cultivars under drought stress. Furthermore, the retained intron was the major form of differential alternative splicing event under drought stress. The photosynthesis pathway, antioxidant system, plant hormone signal transduction, and osmotic adjustment were the primary response systems in the two grapevine cultivars under drought stress. We have identified GRIK1, RFS2, and LKR/SDH as the hub genes in the coexpression network of drought stress. In addition, the difference in the accumulation of pheophorbide-a reveals different drought resistance mechanisms in the two grapevine cultivars. Our study explained the difference in drought response between cultivars and tissues and identified drought stress-responsive genes, which provides reference data for further understanding the regulatory network of drought tolerance in grapevine.
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Affiliation(s)
- YiLing Lin
- Horticulture Department, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
- Fruit Crop Genetic Improvement and Seedling Propagation Engineering Center of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing, China
| | - Siyu Liu
- Horticulture Department, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
- Fruit Crop Genetic Improvement and Seedling Propagation Engineering Center of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiang Fang
- Fruit Crop Genetic Improvement and Seedling Propagation Engineering Center of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing, China
- Agriculture and Horticulture Department, Jiangsu Vocational College of Agriculture and Forestry, Jurong, China
| | - Yanhua Ren
- Horticulture Department, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
- Fruit Crop Genetic Improvement and Seedling Propagation Engineering Center of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhijie You
- Horticulture Department, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
- Fruit Crop Genetic Improvement and Seedling Propagation Engineering Center of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing, China
| | - Jiaxin Xia
- Horticulture Department, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
- Fruit Crop Genetic Improvement and Seedling Propagation Engineering Center of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing, China
| | - Abdul Hakeem
- Horticulture Department, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
- Fruit Crop Genetic Improvement and Seedling Propagation Engineering Center of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing, China
| | - Yuxian Yang
- Horticulture Department, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
- Fruit Crop Genetic Improvement and Seedling Propagation Engineering Center of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing, China
| | - Lingyu Wang
- Horticulture Department, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
- Fruit Crop Genetic Improvement and Seedling Propagation Engineering Center of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing, China
| | - Jinggui Fang
- Horticulture Department, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
- Fruit Crop Genetic Improvement and Seedling Propagation Engineering Center of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing, China
| | - Lingfei Shangguan
- Horticulture Department, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
- Fruit Crop Genetic Improvement and Seedling Propagation Engineering Center of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing, China
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Liu J, Mu X, Liang J, Zhang J, Qiang T, Li H, Li B, Liu H, Zhang B. Metabolic profiling on the analysis of different parts of Schisandra chinensis based on UPLC-QTOF-MS with comparative bioactivity assays. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:970535. [PMID: 36518510 PMCID: PMC9742558 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.970535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The Schisandra chinensis is an important edible plant, and previous phytochemical research focused on the S. chinensis fruit (SF) due to its long history as traditional Chinese medicine. Schisandra chinensis fruit was used as an astringent tonic to astringe the lungs and the kidneys, replenish energy, promote the production of body fluids, tonify the kidney, and induce sedation. The components of S. chinensis, such as its stems (SS), leaves (SL), and roots (SR), have drawn little attention regarding their metabolites and bioactivities. In this study, a strategy of combining a chemical database with the Progenesis QI informatics platform was applied to characterize the metabolites. A total of 332 compounds were tentatively identified, including lignans, triterpenoids, flavonoids, tannins, and other compound classes. Heatmap and principal component analysis (PCA) showed remarkable differences in different parts of the plants. By multiple orthogonal partial least-squares discriminant analyses (OPLS-DA), 76 compounds were identified as potential marker compounds that differentiate these different plant parts. Based on the variable influence on the projection score from OPLS-DA, the active substances including gomisin D, schisandrol B, schisantherin C, kadsuranin, and kadlongilactone F supported the fact that the biological activity of the roots was higher than that of the fruit. These substances can be used as marker compounds in the plant roots, which likely contribute to their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. The plant roots could be a new medicinal source that exhibits better activity than that of traditional medicinal parts, which makes them worth exploring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiushi Liu
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Xinlu Mu
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jinmei Liang
- Department of Pharmacy, Medical Guarantee Center Pla General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jianuo Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Tingyan Qiang
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Hongbo Li
- College of Horticulture, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Bin Li
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Haitao Liu
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Bengang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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Abrar MM, Sohail M, Saqib M, Akhtar J, Abbas G, Wahab HA, Mumtaz MZ, Mehmood K, Memon MS, Sun N, Xu M. Interactive salinity and water stress severely reduced the growth, stress tolerance, and physiological responses of guava (Psidium Guajava L.). Sci Rep 2022; 12:18952. [PMID: 36347946 PMCID: PMC9643515 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-22602-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Salinity and water stress are serious environmental issues that reduced crop production worldwide. The current research was initiated (2012) in the wirehouse of the Institute of Soil and Environmental Sciences, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan to investigate the growth, stress tolerance, and physiological responses of guava to salinity and water shortage. Guava was grown for one year in pots containing soil with Eight treatments (control, 10 dS m-1, 20 dS m-1, 40 dS m-1, control + water stress (WS), 10 dS m-1 + WS, 20 dS m-1 + WS, 40 dS m-1 + WS) in a completely randomized design. The results indicated that plant growth, stress tolerance, and physiological parameters declined at higher salinity and water stress and could not survive at 40 dS m-1. The 20 dS m-1 + WS caused a > 70% decline in dry weights of shoot and root regarding control. Similarly, the highest decrease in stress tolerance was noticed in 20 dS m-1 + WS followed by the 20 dS m-1 treatment than control. Our findings validated that guava can be cultivated on soils having salinity ≤ 10 dS m-1 but it could not be cultivated on soils having salinity ≥ 20 dS m-1 with limited water supply.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Mohsin Abrar
- Key Laboratory of Arable Land Quality Monitoring and Evaluation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
- Institute of Soil and Environmental Sciences, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Sohail
- Institute of Soil and Environmental Sciences, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Saqib
- Institute of Soil and Environmental Sciences, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan.
| | - Javaid Akhtar
- Institute of Soil and Environmental Sciences, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Ghulam Abbas
- Department of Environmental Science, COMSATS University Islamabad, Vehari Campus, Vehari, Pakistan
| | - Hafiz Abdul Wahab
- Institute of Soil and Environmental Sciences, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Zahid Mumtaz
- Institute of Soil and Environmental Sciences, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Khalid Mehmood
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210044, China
| | - Muhammad Suleman Memon
- Soil Fertility Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center, Tandojam, Sindh, Pakistan
| | - Nan Sun
- Key Laboratory of Arable Land Quality Monitoring and Evaluation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Minggang Xu
- Key Laboratory of Arable Land Quality Monitoring and Evaluation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China.
- Institute of Agricultural Environment and Resources, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006, China.
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Gangappa ND, Singh C, Verma MK, Thakre M, Sevanthi AM, Singh R, Srivastav M, Raghunandan K, Anusha C, Yadav V, Nagaraja A. Assessing the genetic diversity of guava germplasm characterized by morpho-biochemical traits. Front Nutr 2022; 9:1017680. [PMID: 36245493 PMCID: PMC9562036 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.1017680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Amid environmental crises, a galloping population, and changing food habits, increasing fruit production with nutritional quality is a global challenge. To address this, there is a necessity to exploit the germplasm accessions in order to develop high-yielding varieties/hybrids with good adaptability and high quality fruit under changing environmental and biological conditions. In the study, a total of 33 morpho-biochemical traits enabled an assessment of the genetic variability, diversity, and structure in a collection of 28 diverse germplasm lines of guava. Results showed that highly significant genetic variability existed in the studied traits in the guava germplasm. The coefficient of variation values for the qualitative and quantitative traits varied from 23.5–72.36 to 1.39–58.62%, respectively. Germplasm Thai, Lucknow-49, Punjab Pink, Psidium friedrichsthalianum, and Shweta had the highest fruit weight (359.32 g), ascorbic acid content (197.27 mg/100 g fruit), total phenolic content (186.93 mg GAE/100 g), titratable acidity (0.69 percent), and antioxidant capacity (44.49 μmolTrolox/g), respectively. Fruit weight was positively correlated with ascorbic acid content; however, titratable acidity was negatively correlated with fruit weight. The principal component analysis (PCA) was 84.2% and 93.3% for qualitative and quantitative traits, respectively. Furthermore, K-mean clustering was executed; the population was grouped into three clusters for both traits. Additionally, the dendrogram using agglomerative hierarchical clustering (AHC), where all the germplasm were grouped into four clusters, revealed that among the clusters, clusters III and IV were highly divergent. The high variability, diversity, and structure could be utilized for the breeding programme of guava and also explored for molecular analysis using next-generation technology to enhance the guava yield and nutrition properties and also develop the climate resilient technology to fulfill the existing demand gap and nutrition availability, which could not only mitigate the nutrition requirement but also enhance the easy availability of fruits year-round.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nayan Deepak Gangappa
- Division of Fruits and Horticultural Technology, Indian Council of Agricultural Research, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Chandu Singh
- Division of Genetics, Indian Council of Agricultural Research, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
- *Correspondence: Chandu Singh
| | - Mahendra Kumar Verma
- Division of Fruits and Horticultural Technology, Indian Council of Agricultural Research, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Madhubala Thakre
- Division of Fruits and Horticultural Technology, Indian Council of Agricultural Research, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Amitha Mithra Sevanthi
- Indian Council of Agricultural Research, National Institute for Plant Biotechnology, New Delhi, India
| | - Rakesh Singh
- Indian Council of Agricultural Research, National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources, New Delhi, India
| | - Manish Srivastav
- Division of Fruits and Horticultural Technology, Indian Council of Agricultural Research, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - K. Raghunandan
- Division of Genetics, Indian Council of Agricultural Research, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Chukkamettu Anusha
- Division of Fruits and Horticultural Technology, Indian Council of Agricultural Research, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Vivek Yadav
- College of Horticulture, Northwest Agriculture & Forestry University, Xianyang, China
| | - Arumugam Nagaraja
- Division of Fruits and Horticultural Technology, Indian Council of Agricultural Research, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
- Arumugam Nagaraja
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