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Islam M, Ferrarini A, Ali A, Kam J, Trindade LM, Clifton-Brown J, Amaducci S. Assessment of Drought and Zinc Stress Tolerance of Novel Miscanthus Hybrids and Arundo donax Clones Using Physiological, Biochemical, and Morphological Traits. BIOLOGY 2023; 12:1525. [PMID: 38132351 PMCID: PMC10741058 DOI: 10.3390/biology12121525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Revised: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
High-yield potential perennial crops, such as Miscanthus spp. and Arundo donax are amongst the most promising sources of sustainable biomass for bioproducts and bioenergy. Although several studies assessed the agronomic performance of these species on diverse marginal lands, research to date on drought and zinc (Zn) resistance is scarce. Thus, the objective of this study was to investigate the drought and Zn stress tolerance of seven novel Miscanthus hybrids and seven Arundo clones originating from different parts of Italy. We subjected both species to severe drought (less than 30%), and Zn stress (400 mg/kg-1 of ZnSO4) separately, after one month of growth. All plants were harvested after 28 days of stress, and the relative drought and Zn stress tolerance were determined by using a set of morpho-physio-biochemical and biomass attributes in relation to stress tolerance indices (STI). Principal component analysis (PCA), hierarchical clustering analysis (HCA) and stress tolerance indices (STI) were performed for each morpho-physio-biochemical and biomass parameters and showed significant relative differences among the seven genotypes of both crops. Heatmaps of these indices showed how the different genotypes clustered into four groups. Considering PCA ranking value, Miscanthus hybrid GRC10 (8.11) and Arundo clone PC1 (11.34) had the highest-ranking value under both stresses indicating these hybrids and clones are the most tolerant to drought and Zn stress. In contrast, hybrid GRC3 (-3.33 lowest ranking value) and clone CT2 (-5.84) were found to be the most sensitive to both drought and Zn stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monirul Islam
- Department of Sustainable Crop Production, Università Cattolica Del Sacro Cuore, Via Emilia Parmense 84, 29122 Piacenza, Italy; (A.F.); (A.A.); (S.A.)
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA 01003, USA
| | - Andrea Ferrarini
- Department of Sustainable Crop Production, Università Cattolica Del Sacro Cuore, Via Emilia Parmense 84, 29122 Piacenza, Italy; (A.F.); (A.A.); (S.A.)
| | - Amjad Ali
- Department of Sustainable Crop Production, Università Cattolica Del Sacro Cuore, Via Emilia Parmense 84, 29122 Piacenza, Italy; (A.F.); (A.A.); (S.A.)
| | - Jason Kam
- Terravesta, Unit 4 Riverside Court, Skellingthorpe Road, Lincoln LN1 5AB, UK
| | - Luisa M. Trindade
- Department of Plant Breeding, Wageningen University & Research, 6700 AJ Wageningen, The Netherlands;
| | - John Clifton-Brown
- Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences, Aberystwyth University, Aberystwyth SY23 3EB, UK;
- Institut für Pflanzenbau und Pflanzenzüchtung I, Justus-Liebig-Universität Gießen, Interdisziplinäres Forschungszentrum iFZ, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 26, 35392 Gießen, Germany
| | - Stefano Amaducci
- Department of Sustainable Crop Production, Università Cattolica Del Sacro Cuore, Via Emilia Parmense 84, 29122 Piacenza, Italy; (A.F.); (A.A.); (S.A.)
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