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Moretta P, Cavallo ND, Fonzo E, Maiorino A, Ferrante C, Ambrosino P, Femiano C, Santangelo G, Marcuccio L. Visual vertical neglect in acquired brain injury: a systematic review. Front Psychol 2024; 15:1360057. [PMID: 38529094 PMCID: PMC10962212 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1360057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Vertical neglect represents a visuospatial deficit occurring as a possible consequence of acquired brain injury (ABI). Differently from unilateral spatial neglect on horizontal space, vertical neglect is poorly studied in the literature and rarely assessed in clinical practice. In the available studies, the terms "radial," "vertical," and "altitudinal" neglect are often used interchangeably, although they do not describe the same spatial dimension. "Altitudinal" and "vertical" refer to the sagittal plane, whereas "radial" refers to the transverse plane. The term "vertical" is sometimes used interchangeably with respect to both axes. The aim of this systematic review was to identify the main characteristics of vertical neglect after ABI, the diagnostic tools used, and the treatment options. We also proposed a clarification of the manifestations and characteristics of vertical and radial neglect. The 23 articles reviewed, showed that the vertical neglect occurred more frequently on the lower space than on the upper space, that its presence was associated with horizontal neglect, and that it could also occur with compromise of the radial space, with the near radial being more common. The most frequent etiology associated with vertical neglect is vascular, particularly ischaemic. The lesions side are very heterogeneous and include both cortical and subcortical areas and all lobes, although the temporal lobe is most affected. With regard to the assessment tools, paper and pencil tasks are the most commonly used diagnostic tools to identify vertical neglect, although in recent years the use of computer-based tasks increased. Taken together, our results suggest that vertical neglect may be underestimated in patients with right hemisphere lesions and should always be assessed, especially in cases where the patient shows signs of horizontal neglect. The clinical assessment of vertical neglect is very important since it can lead to important functional limitations in everyday life, such as poor wheelchair handling, stumbling over unnoticed obstacles located below (or above), walking down stairs, taking off shoes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pasquale Moretta
- Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri IRCCS, Neuromotor Rehabilitation Unit of Telese Terme Institute, Benevento, Italy
| | - Nicola Davide Cavallo
- Department of Psychology, Università della Campania ‘Luigi Vanvitelli’, Caserta, Italy
| | - Eleonora Fonzo
- Department of Psychology, Università della Campania ‘Luigi Vanvitelli’, Caserta, Italy
| | - Antonio Maiorino
- Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri IRCCS, Neuromotor Rehabilitation Unit of Telese Terme Institute, Benevento, Italy
| | - Cesario Ferrante
- Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri IRCCS, Neuromotor Rehabilitation Unit of Telese Terme Institute, Benevento, Italy
| | - Pasquale Ambrosino
- Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri IRCCS, Scientific Directorate of Telese Terme Institute, Benevento, Italy
| | - Cinzia Femiano
- Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri IRCCS, Neuromotor Rehabilitation Unit of Telese Terme Institute, Benevento, Italy
| | - Gabriella Santangelo
- Department of Psychology, Università della Campania ‘Luigi Vanvitelli’, Caserta, Italy
| | - Laura Marcuccio
- Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri IRCCS, Neuromotor Rehabilitation Unit of Telese Terme Institute, Benevento, Italy
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Ricci M, Iavarone A, Ilardi CR, Chieffi S. Influence of hand starting position on radial line bisection. Front Psychol 2023; 14:1293624. [PMID: 38144997 PMCID: PMC10748601 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1293624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023] Open
Abstract
When normal individuals are asked to localize and mark the midpoint of a radial line, they tend to bisect it farther than the true center. It has been suggested that radial misbisection depends on the presence of a visual attentional bias directed toward the far space. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether the localization of the center of radial lines was affected by the starting position of the hand. There were two starting positions: one between the body and the radial line ("near"), the other beyond the radial line ("far"). Thirty-four subjects participated in the experiment. The results showed that (i) participants bisected radial lines farther than the true center, measured with reference to their body, in both near and far condition, and (ii) bisection errors in the near condition were greater than those in the far condition. We suggest that hand starting position and direction of ongoing movement influenced radial line misbisection by modulating visual attentional bias directed to far space.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariateresa Ricci
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Naples, Italy
| | | | | | - Sergio Chieffi
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Naples, Italy
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La Marra M, Messina A, Ilardi CR, Verde G, Amato R, Esposito N, Troise S, Orlando A, Messina G, Monda V, Di Maio G, Villano I. The Neglected Factor in the Relationship between Executive Functioning and Obesity: The Role of Motor Control. Healthcare (Basel) 2022; 10:healthcare10091775. [PMID: 36141387 PMCID: PMC9498752 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare10091775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2022] [Revised: 09/01/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The association between obesity and executive functions (EFs) is highly controversial. It has been suggested that waist circumference (WC), compared to body mass index (BMI), is a better indicator of fat mass and EFs in obesity. Moreover, according to the viewpoint that the brain’s functional architecture meets the need for interactive behavior, we hypothesize that the relationship between EFs and body weight might be mediated by the motor performance. Methods: General executive functioning (frontal assessment battery-15), additional cognitive subdomains (trail making test and digit span backward), and motor performance (finger tapping task) were assessed in a sample that included 330 volunteers (192 females, M age = 45.98 years, SD = 17.70, range = 18–86 years). Results: Hierarchical multiple regression analysis indicated that the FAB15 score and FTT negatively predicted WC but not BMI. A subsequent mediation analysis highlighted that the indirect effect of FAB15 on WC through finger tapping was statistically significant. Conclusions: Our results suggest that WC, as compared to BMI, is a more effective measure for studying the association between EFs and body weight. Still, we found that the motor domain partially mediates the dynamics of such a relationship.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco La Marra
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Antonietta Messina
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Ciro Rosario Ilardi
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy
- Department of Psychology, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 81100 Caserta, Italy
- Correspondence:
| | - Giuseppe Verde
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Raffaella Amato
- Neurological Unit, CTO Hospital, AORN “Ospedali dei Colli”, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Nadia Esposito
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Simona Troise
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Antonella Orlando
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Giovanni Messina
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, 71122 Foggia, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Monda
- Department of Movement Sciences and Wellbeing, University of Naples “Parthenope”, 80133 Naples, Italy
| | - Girolamo Di Maio
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Ines Villano
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy
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La Marra M, Messina A, Ilardi CR, Staiano M, Di Maio G, Messina G, Polito R, Valenzano A, Cibelli G, Monda V, Chieffi S, Iavarone A, Villano I. Factorial Model of Obese Adolescents: The Role of Body Image Concerns and Selective Depersonalization-A Pilot Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:11501. [PMID: 36141782 PMCID: PMC9517425 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191811501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2022] [Revised: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The relationship binding body weight to psychological well-being is unclear. The present study aims at identifying the contribution, and specificity, of some dimensions (i.e., eating-related symptoms, body image disorders, eating habits, personality traits, and emotional difficulties) characterizing the psychological profile of obese adolescents (749 participants, 325 females; 58.3% normal-weight, 29.9% overweight, and 11.7% obese; mean age = 16.05, SD = 0.82). METHODS By introducing the scores obtained by standardized self-report tools into a generalized linear model, a factorial reduction design was used to detect the best fitting discriminant functions and the principal components explaining the higher proportion of the variance. RESULTS We found two discriminant functions correctly classifying 87.1% of normal-weight, 57.2% of overweight, and 68.2% of obese adolescents. Furthermore, two independent factors, explaining 69.68% of the total variance, emerged. CONCLUSIONS The first factor, "Body Image Concerns", included the drive for thinness, body dissatisfaction, and interpersonal distrust. The second factor, "Selective Depersonalization", included a trend toward depersonalization and dissatisfaction with the torso. The neurophysiological implications of our findings will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco La Marra
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Antonietta Messina
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Ciro Rosario Ilardi
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy
- Department of Psychology, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 81100 Caserta, Italy
| | - Maria Staiano
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Girolamo Di Maio
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Giovanni Messina
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, 71100 Foggia, Italy
| | - Rita Polito
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, 71100 Foggia, Italy
| | - Anna Valenzano
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, 71100 Foggia, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Cibelli
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, 71100 Foggia, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Monda
- Department of Movement Sciences and Wellbeing, University of Naples “Parthenope”, 80133 Naples, Italy
| | - Sergio Chieffi
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Alessandro Iavarone
- Neurological Unit, CTO Hospital, AORN “Ospedali dei Colli”, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Ines Villano
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy
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Neuropsychology of posteromedial parietal cortex and conversion factors from Mild Cognitive Impairment to Alzheimer's disease: systematic search and state-of-the-art review. Aging Clin Exp Res 2022; 34:289-307. [PMID: 34232485 PMCID: PMC8847304 DOI: 10.1007/s40520-021-01930-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
In the present review, we discuss the rationale and the clinical implications of assessing visuospatial working memory (VSWM), awareness of memory deficits, and visuomotor control in patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI). These three domains are related to neural activity in the posteromedial parietal cortex (PMC) whose hypoactivation seems to be a significant predictor of conversion from MCI to Alzheimer’s disease (AD) as indicated by recent neuroimaging evidence. A systematic literature search was performed up to May 2021. Forty-eight studies were included: 42 studies provided analytical cross-sectional data and 6 studies longitudinal data on conversion rates. Overall, these studies showed that patients with MCI performed worse than healthy controls in tasks assessing VSWM, awareness of memory deficits, and visuomotor control; in some cases, MCI patients’ performance was comparable to that of patients with overt dementia. Deficits in VSWM and metamemory appear to be significant predictors of conversion. No study explored the relationship between visuomotor control and conversion. Nevertheless, it has been speculated that the assessment of visuomotor abilities in subjects at high AD risk might be useful to discriminate patients who are likely to convert from those who are not. Being able to indirectly estimate PMC functioning through quick and easy neuropsychological tasks in outpatient settings may improve diagnostic and prognostic accuracy, and therefore, the quality of the MCI patient’s management.
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Chieffi S. Dysfunction of Magnocellular/dorsal Processing Stream in Schizophrenia. CURRENT PSYCHIATRY RESEARCH AND REVIEWS 2019. [DOI: 10.2174/1573400515666190119163522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Background:
Patients with schizophrenia show not only cognitive, but also perceptual
deficits. Perceptual deficits may affect different sensory modalities. Among these, the impairment of
visual information processing is of particular relevance as demonstrated by the high incidence of
visual disturbances. In recent years, the study of neurophysiological mechanisms that underlie
visuo-perceptual, -spatial and -motor disorders in schizophrenia has increasingly attracted the
interest of researchers.
Objective:
The study aims to review the existent literature on magnocellular/dorsal (occipitoparietal)
visual processing stream impairment in schizophrenia. The impairment of relatively early stages of
visual information processing was examined using experimental paradigms such as backward masking,
contrast sensitivity, contour detection, and perceptual closure. The deficits of late processing
stages were detected by examining visuo-spatial and -motor abilities.
Results:
Neurophysiological and behavioral studies support the existence of deficits in the
processing of visual information along the magnocellular/dorsal pathway. These deficits appear to
affect both early and late stages of visual information processing.
Conclusion:
The existence of disturbances in the early processing of visual information along the
magnocellular/dorsal pathway is strongly supported by neurophysiological and behavioral observations.
Early magnocellular dysfunction may provide a substrate for late dorsal processing impairment
as well as higher-level cognition deficits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergio Chieffi
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania , Italy
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Attentional bias in the radial and vertical dimensions of space. C R Biol 2019; 342:97-100. [DOI: 10.1016/j.crvi.2019.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2019] [Revised: 03/24/2019] [Accepted: 03/27/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Sperandeo R, Messina G, Iennaco D, Sessa F, Russo V, Polito R, Monda V, Monda M, Messina A, Mosca LL, Mosca L, Dell'Orco S, Moretto E, Gigante E, Chiacchio A, Scognamiglio C, Carotenuto M, Maldonato NM. What Does Personality Mean in the Context of Mental Health? A Topic Modeling Approach Based on Abstracts Published in Pubmed Over the Last 5 Years. Front Psychiatry 2019; 10:938. [PMID: 31998157 PMCID: PMC6962292 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2019.00938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2019] [Accepted: 11/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Personality disorders (PDs) are one of the major problems for the organization of public health systems. Deepening the link between personality traits and psychopathological drifts, it seems increasingly essential for the often dramatic repercussions that PDs have on social contexts. Some of these disorders, such as borderline PD, antisocial PD, in their most tragic expression, are the basis of problems related to crime, sexual violence, abuse, and mistreatment of minors. Many authors propose a dimensional classification of personality pathology, which has received empirical support from numerous studies over the last 20 years based on more robust theoretical principles than those applied to current nosography. The present study investigates the nature of the research carried out in the last years on the personality in the clinical field exploring the contents of current research on personality relapses, evaluating, on the one hand, the emerging areas of greatest interest and others, those that they stopped generating sufficient motivations in scholars. This study evaluates text patterns regarding how the terms "personality" and "mental health" are used in titles and abstracts published in PubMed in the last 5 years. We use a topic analysis: Latent Dirichlet Allocation that expresses every report as a probabilistic distribution of latent topics that are represented as a probabilistic distribution of words. A total of 7,572 abstracts (from 2012 to 2017) were retrieved from PubMed for the query on "mental health" and "personality." The study found 30 topics organized in eight hierarchical clusters that describe the type of current research carried out on personality and its clinical relapse. The hierarchical clusters latent themes were the following: social dimensions, clinical aspects, biological issues, clinical history of PD, internalization and externalization symptoms, impulsive behaviors, comorbidities, criminal behaviors. The results indicate that the concept of personality is associated with a wide range of conditions. The study of personality and mental health still proceeds, mainly, according to a practical-clinical approach; too little moves, however, according to an innovative research approach, but the work shows the common commitment of scholars to a new way of dealing with the study of personality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raffaele Sperandeo
- SiPGI-Postgraduate School of Integrated Gestalt Psychotherapy, Torre Annunziata, Italy
| | - Giovanni Messina
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Daniela Iennaco
- SiPGI-Postgraduate School of Integrated Gestalt Psychotherapy, Torre Annunziata, Italy
| | - Francesco Sessa
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Russo
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Rita Polito
- Department of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Caserta, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Monda
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Section of Human Physiology and Unit of Dietetic and Sport Medicine, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy
| | - Marcellino Monda
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Section of Human Physiology and Unit of Dietetic and Sport Medicine, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy
| | - Antonietta Messina
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Section of Human Physiology and Unit of Dietetic and Sport Medicine, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy
| | - Lucia Luciana Mosca
- SiPGI-Postgraduate School of Integrated Gestalt Psychotherapy, Torre Annunziata, Italy
| | - Laura Mosca
- Department of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Caserta, Italy
| | - Silvia Dell'Orco
- SiPGI-Postgraduate School of Integrated Gestalt Psychotherapy, Torre Annunziata, Italy
| | - Enrico Moretto
- SiPGI-Postgraduate School of Integrated Gestalt Psychotherapy, Torre Annunziata, Italy
| | - Elena Gigante
- SiPGI-Postgraduate School of Integrated Gestalt Psychotherapy, Torre Annunziata, Italy
| | - Antonello Chiacchio
- SiPGI-Postgraduate School of Integrated Gestalt Psychotherapy, Torre Annunziata, Italy
| | - Chiara Scognamiglio
- SiPGI-Postgraduate School of Integrated Gestalt Psychotherapy, Torre Annunziata, Italy
| | - Marco Carotenuto
- Department of Mental Health, Physical and Preventive Medicine, Clinic of Child and Adolescent Neuropsychiatry, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy
| | - Nelson Mauro Maldonato
- 7 Department of Neurosciences and Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
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