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Park E, Lee HY. The residential, area-specific prevalence and associated factors of suicidal ideation among South Korean adolescents. Prev Med Rep 2024; 41:102698. [PMID: 38560594 PMCID: PMC10979118 DOI: 10.1016/j.pmedr.2024.102698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Objectives This study investigated the residential, area-specific prevalence and associated factors of suicidal ideation among adolescents in South Korea, based on nationally representative data. Methods A secondary analysis was performed using the database of the 17th Korean Youth Health Behavior Survey, which contained data from 54,848 adolescents. Results Female adolescents (more influential in counties), low economic status (more influential in metropolitan cities), perceived stress (more influential in metropolitan cities), depression (more influential in counties), loneliness (more influential in counties), and anxiety (more influential in counties) were influencing factors in all areas, and the factors associated with suicidal ideation differed by residential area. The factors related to suicidal ideation were similar by residential area, but the degree of relevance differed from area to area; in particular, the prevalence of variables related to mental health (depression, loneliness, and anxiety) was high in counties. Alcohol drinking was significant only in small- and medium-sized cities in terms of suicidal ideation. Conclusion Suicide prevention programs for adolescents should be implemented given the higher incidence of suicidal ideation among female adolescents, the greater influence of mental health-related variables in counties, and the influence of smoking in cities. There were differences in the prevalence and risk factors of suicidal ideation by residential areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eunok Park
- College of Nursing, Jeju National University, 102 Jejudaehak-ro, Jeju-si, Jeju-do 63243, South Korea
| | - Hyo Young Lee
- Department of Health Administration, Dongseo University, 47 Jurye-ro, Sasang-gu, Busan, 47011, South Korea
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2
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Caycho-Rodríguez T, Baños-Chaparro J, Ventura-León J, Lee SA, Vilca LW, Carbajal-León C, Yupanqui-Lorenzo DE, Valencia PD, Reyes-Bossio M, Oré-Kovacs N, Rojas-Jara C, Gallegos M, Polanco-Carrasco R, Cervigni M, Martino P, Lobos-Rivera ME, Moreta-Herrera R, Palacios Segura DA, Samaniego-Pinho A, Buschiazzo Figares A, Puerta-Cortés DX, Camargo A, Torales J, Monge Blanco JA, González P, Smith-Castro V, Petzold-Rodriguez O, Calderón R, Matute Rivera WY, Ferrufino-Borja D, Muñoz-Del-Carpio-Toia A, Palacios J, Burgos-Videla C, Florez León AME, Vergara I, Vega D, Schulmeyer MK, Urrutia Rios HT, Lira Lira AE, Barria-Asenjo NA, Ayala-Colqui J, Hualparuca-Olivera L. Pandemic Grief and Suicidal Ideation in Latin American Countries: A Network Analysis. Psychol Rep 2024:332941241231209. [PMID: 38319131 DOI: 10.1177/00332941241231209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
This study aimed to characterize the network structure of pandemic grief symptoms and suicidal ideation in 2174 people from eight Latin American countries. Pandemic grief and suicidal ideation were measured using the Pandemic Grief Scale and a single item, respectively. Network analysis provides an in-depth characterization of symptom-symptom interactions within mental disorders. The results indicated that, "desire to die," "apathy" and "absence of sense of life" are the most central symptoms in a pandemic grief symptom network; therefore, these symptoms could be focal elements for preventive and treatment efforts. Suicidal ideation, the wish to die, and the absence of meaning in life had the strongest relationship. In general, the network structure did not differ among the participating countries. It identifies specific symptoms within the network that may increase the likelihood of their co-occurrence and is useful at the therapeutic level.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - José Ventura-León
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Privada del Norte, Lima, Peru
| | - Sherman A Lee
- Department of Psychology, Christopher Newport University, Newport News, VA, USA
| | - Lindsey W Vilca
- South American Center for Education and Research in Public Health, Universidad Norbert Wiener, Lima, Peru
| | - Carlos Carbajal-León
- South American Center for Education and Research in Public Health, Universidad Norbert Wiener, Lima, Peru
| | | | - Pablo D Valencia
- Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Mexico, Tlanepantla de Baz, Mexico
| | - Mario Reyes-Bossio
- Facultad de Psicología, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas, Lima, Peru
| | - Nicol Oré-Kovacs
- Facultad de Psicología, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas, Lima, Peru
| | - Claudio Rojas-Jara
- Departamento de Psicología, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Católica del Maule, Talca, Chile
| | - Miguel Gallegos
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Católica del Maule, Talca, Chile; Centro Interdisciplinario de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Salud y del Comportamiento, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | | | - Mauricio Cervigni
- Facultad de Psicología, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Rosario, Argentina; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Pablo Martino
- Laboratorio de Investigaciones en Ciencias del Comportamiento (LICIC), Facultad de Psicología, Universidad Nacional de San Luis, San Luis, Argentina
| | - Marlon Elías Lobos-Rivera
- Escuela de Psicología, Facultad de Ciencias Sociales, Universidad Tecnológica de El Salvador, San Salvador, El Salvador
| | | | | | - Antonio Samaniego-Pinho
- Carrera de Psicología, Facultad de Filosofía, Universidad Nacional de Asunción, Asunción, Paraguay
| | | | | | - Andrés Camargo
- School of Health and Sport Sciences, Fundación Universitaria del Área Andina, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Julio Torales
- Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Cátedra de Psicología Médica, Universidad Nacional de Asunción, San Lorenzo, Paraguay; Instituto Regional de Investigación en Salud, Universidad Nacional de Caaguazú, Coronel Oviedo, Paraguay; Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Sudamericana, Pedro Juan Caballero, Paraguay
| | | | | | - Vanessa Smith-Castro
- Instituto de Investigaciones Psicológicas, Facultad de Ciencias Sociales, Universidad de Costa Rica, San Jose, Costa Rica
| | | | - Raymundo Calderón
- Colegio Estatal de Psicólogos en Intervención de Jalisco A.C., Guadalajara, Mexico
| | | | - Daniela Ferrufino-Borja
- Centro de Investigación y Asesoramiento Psicológico, Facultad de Humanidades, Comunicación y Artes, Universidad Privada de Santa Cruz de la Sierra, Santa Cruz, Bolivia
| | | | - Jorge Palacios
- Facultad de Psicología, Universidad del Valle de México, Querétaro, Mexico
| | - Carmen Burgos-Videla
- Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias Sociales y Educación, Universidad de Atacama, Copiapó, Chile
| | | | - Ibeth Vergara
- Escuela de Psicología, Universidad Latina de Panamá, Panama
| | - Diego Vega
- Escuela de Psicología, Universidad Latina de Costa Rica, San José, Costa Rica
| | - Marion K Schulmeyer
- Centro de Investigación y Asesoramiento Psicológico, Facultad de Humanidades, Comunicación y Artes, Universidad Privada de Santa Cruz de la Sierra, Santa Cruz, Bolivia
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3
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Dhole AR, Petkar P, Choudhari SG, Mendhe H. Understanding the Factors Contributing to Suicide Among the Geriatric Population: A Narrative Review. Cureus 2023; 15:e46387. [PMID: 37927668 PMCID: PMC10620465 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.46387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023] Open
Abstract
A critical health concern for older adults is suicide, particularly for those above the age of 60 years. Despite this, research on suicide in this age group is relatively scarce compared to studies on younger populations. This article is intended to summarize the existing literature on etiological/risk factors, including problems with one's physical and mental health, social isolation, money, and life changes like retirement and the death of a spouse and methods for preventing suicide specific to the geriatric population. We conducted a comprehensive literature search to identify the original reports and reviewed publications through various databases, including Google Scholar, PubMed, and the CDC. We gathered information on Google from reputable sources such as the WHO and the National Crime Records Bureau (NCRB). Our review found that the risk factor of suicide in the geriatric population includes physical illness, familial issues, financial issues, and hopelessness. The suicide rate for older adults declined, dropping from 16.17 per 100,000 individuals to 14.25 per 100,000 individuals aged 50 to 69 years and from 27.45 per 100,000 individuals to 24.53 per 100,000 individuals for those over 70 years. A more significant proportion of elderly suicide attempters come from rural than urban locations. Young individuals have better professional opportunities in urban areas, but older people are dispersed to underdeveloped or rural areas, where they are more likely to experience social isolation. By systematically identifying these risk factors, we can develop prevention and intervention strategies to decrease the suicide rates among the geriatric population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akshay R Dhole
- Department of Community Medicine, Datta Meghe Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research (DU), Nagpur, IND
| | - Prithvi Petkar
- Department of Community Medicine, Datta Meghe Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research (DU), Nagpur, IND
| | - Sonali G Choudhari
- Department of Community Medicine, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research (DU), Wardha, IND
| | - Harshal Mendhe
- Department of Community Medicine, Datta Meghe Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research (DU), Nagpur, IND
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Li J, Hu Z, Pan L. Analysis of school support: Systematic literature review of core Chinese- and English-language journals published in 2000–2021. Front Psychol 2022; 13:933695. [PMID: 36003103 PMCID: PMC9393531 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.933695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
School support is of great significance to students' academic quality and overall physical and psychological development. However, there is still ambiguity in the English and Chinese studies on the concept and measurement tools of school support. The data for this study were sourced from the literature on school support included in the China National Knowledge Network (CNKI) and Web of Science (WOS) from 2000 to 2021. A systematic literature review was conducted through literature inclusion and data extraction according to the PRISMA guidelines. Finally, 36 core-journal articles with high academic reference value and authority are identified, including seven in Chinese and 29 in English. The following results were obtained: (1) Related research in both Chinese and English showed an overall increasing trend. (2) The concepts and measurement tools of school support were not clear, and most studies used concepts and measurement tools of “social support” or “school climate” as substitutes for school support. (3) Most of the previous studies were based on social support theory, ecological system theory, and school climate theory. (4) The research mainly adopts quantitative research methods and focuses on special student populations or students below the high school level. Overall, previous studies indicated that school support has a positive impact on student development. Therefore, future research should be broadly extended to the knowledge system in higher education. On the basis of clarifying the concept of school support, it is necessary to try to develop and validate school support measurement tools with great reliability, validity, and general applicability to provide a practical reference for educators around the world.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Li
- School of Finance and Economics, Hainan Vocational University of Science and Technology, Haikou, China
- Department of Education Management, Chinese International College, Dhurakij Pundit University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Ziao Hu
- School of Finance and Economics, Hainan Vocational University of Science and Technology, Haikou, China
- Department of Education Management, Chinese International College, Dhurakij Pundit University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Ling Pan
- School of Finance and Economics, Hainan Vocational University of Science and Technology, Haikou, China
- Department of Education Management, Chinese International College, Dhurakij Pundit University, Bangkok, Thailand
- *Correspondence: Ling Pan
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5
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Sornsenee P, Kongtragulsub K, Watcharajiranich K, Chantanuwat R, Aungchayakul A, Mangkhalathat K, Laparojkit S. Factors Associated with Anxiety and Depression Among Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprise Restaurant Entrepreneurs Due to Thailand’s COVID-19-Related Restrictions: A Cross-Sectional Study. Risk Manag Healthc Policy 2022; 15:1157-1165. [PMID: 35655746 PMCID: PMC9153940 DOI: 10.2147/rmhp.s359507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Phoomjai Sornsenee
- Department of Family Medicine and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla, Thailand
- Correspondence: Phoomjai Sornsenee, Department of Family Medicine and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, 15 Karnjanavanich Road, Hat Yai, Songkhla, 90110, Thailand, Tel +66954204713, Fax +6674451333, Email
| | | | | | - Ratsak Chantanuwat
- Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla, Thailand
| | - Awika Aungchayakul
- Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla, Thailand
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Doroshenko SV, Sanaeva OV. An Assessment of the Debt Burden Effect on the Suicide Rate in Russian Regions. REGIONAL RESEARCH OF RUSSIA 2022. [PMCID: PMC9765375 DOI: 10.1134/s2079970522700010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Population size is one of the most important parameters of national social and economic systems. It is controlled by multiple factors (components) that form ambiguous and complex feedback loops. The most important issue in this case is the study of the behavioral reactions of the population that form certain parameters of the population dynamics. In this article, the authors consider only one behavioral reaction that seems important to them, that is, suicidal tendencies, which ultimately leads to the formation of a suicide dynamics that entails serious socioeconomic and demographic losses. Emphasis is placed on assessing the impact of financial parameters, namely the size of the debt burden on households, on the suicide rate in general in the Russian regions. An econometric assessment of the impact of the volume of individual debt on the suicide rate among other socioeconomic factors (unemployment rate, logarithm of GRP per capita, divorce rate, number of persons with mental disorders, average actual duration of the work week, number of persons with alcoholism) was carried out for the regions as a whole, as well as among rural and urban populations. We used panel data for 80 federal subjects of Russia for 2005–2018. The system generalized method of moments was applied. The calculations were carried out using the Stata 14 stistical package. As a result of the study, a negative effect of the individual debt volume on the suicide rate in the regions of Russia was revealed, which contradicts the results of similar studies conducted for developed economies. At the same time, certain results obtained earlier in Russian and foreign studies were confirmed, including a U-shaped relationship between work hours and the suicide rate and a direct relationship between an increase in the suicide rate and an increase in divorce rates, the number of persons with mental disorders, as well as unemployment and consumption of alcohol products. The latter manifestation is characteristic, first of all, of the population of rural areas both in Russia and abroad.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. V. Doroshenko
- Institute of Economics, Ural Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Yekaterinburg, Russia ,Ural Federal University named after the first President of Russia B.N. Yeltsin, Yekaterinburg, Russia
| | - O. V. Sanaeva
- Institute of Economics, Ural Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Yekaterinburg, Russia
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7
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Ibrahim N, Che Din N, Amit N, Ghazali SE, Mohd Safien A, Siau CS. Psychometric Properties and the Cut-Off Point of the English Version of the Yatt Suicide Attitude Scale. INQUIRY: THE JOURNAL OF HEALTH CARE ORGANIZATION, PROVISION, AND FINANCING 2022; 59:469580221096276. [PMID: 35485917 PMCID: PMC9067032 DOI: 10.1177/00469580221096276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Background: The Malay version of the Yatt Suicide Attitude Scale (YSAS) was found to be reliable and valid for use in the Malaysian context. This study aims to validate and determine the cut-off points of the English version of the YSAS for a wider application by English-speaking researchers and practitioners. Methods: The English version of the YSAS, the Suicidal Behaviors Questionnaire-Revised (SBQ-R), and Kessler’s K10 Psychological Distress Scale were distributed to 527 university students. Factor analysis was employed in the evaluation of its construct validity. The determination of the convergent and concurrent validity was determined by way of a bivariate correlation with the SBQ-R and Kessler’s K10 scales. Cronbach’s alpha and Receiver Operating Characteristic-analysis were also used to measure the internal consistency reliability as well as evaluate the screening properties of the scale. Results: The English YSAS and its ideation and attempt subdomains exhibited a high internal consistency value (>.8). The scale also had a cumulative variance of 76.39% and acceptable convergent and concurrent validity when compared to the SBQ-R and K10. The instrument demonstrated a better specificity in terms of the total score and suicide attempt and a better sensitivity trait on the suicidal ideation score. Conclusion: The English YSAS is a valid and reliable scale to assess suicidality, suicidal ideation, and suicide attempt among Malaysian university students.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norhayati Ibrahim
- Clinical Psychology and Behavioral Health Program, Centre for Healthy Ageing and Wellness (H-Care), Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- Institute of Islam Hadhari, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi, Malaysia
| | - Normah Che Din
- Clinical Psychology and Behavioral Health Program, Centre for Healthy Ageing and Wellness (H-Care), Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Noh Amit
- Clinical Psychology and Behavioral Health Program, Centre for Community Health Studies (ReaCH), Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Shazli E. Ghazali
- Clinical Psychology and Behavioral Health Program, Centre for Healthy Ageing and Wellness (H-Care), Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Aisyah Mohd Safien
- Clinical Psychology and Behavioral Health Program, Centre for Healthy Ageing and Wellness (H-Care), Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Ching Sin Siau
- Clinical Psychology and Behavioral Health Program, Centre for Community Health Studies (ReaCH), Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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Zhou SJ, Wang LL, Qi M, Yang XJ, Gao L, Zhang SY, Zhang LG, Yang R, Chen JX. Depression, Anxiety, and Suicidal Ideation in Chinese University Students During the COVID-19 Pandemic. Front Psychol 2021; 12:669833. [PMID: 34421725 PMCID: PMC8375404 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.669833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has seriously threatened the global public health security and caused a series of mental health problem. Current research focuses mainly on mental health status and related factors in the COVID-19 pandemic among Chinese university students. Data from 11133 participants was obtained through an online survey. The Patient Health Question-9 (PHQ-9) was used to assess depressive symptoms, the Social Support Rate Scale (SSRS) was used to assess social support. We also used 7-item Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale (GAD-7) to assess anxiety symptoms. Totally, 37.0% of the subjects were experiencing depressive symptoms, 24.9% anxiety symptoms, 20.9% comorbid depressive and anxiety symptoms, and 7.3% suicidal ideation. Multivariable logistic regression analysis revealed an increased presence of mental health problems in female students, graduate students, and those with personal COVID-19 exposure. Awareness of COVID-19, living with family were protective factors that reduced anxiety and depression symptoms. In addition, male, personal COVID-19 exposure, depressive and anxiety symptoms were risk factors for suicidal ideation. Social support, COVID-19 preventive and control measures, prediction of COVID-19 trends, living with family and graduate students are protective factors for reducing suicidal ideation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang-Jiang Zhou
- Beijing HuiLongGuan Hospital, Peking University HuiLongGuan Clinical Medical School, Beijing, China
| | - Lei-Lei Wang
- Beijing HuiLongGuan Hospital, Peking University HuiLongGuan Clinical Medical School, Beijing, China
| | - Meng Qi
- Department of Psychology, Chengde Medical University, Chengde, China
| | - Xing-Jie Yang
- Beijing HuiLongGuan Hospital, Peking University HuiLongGuan Clinical Medical School, Beijing, China
| | - Lan Gao
- Beijing HuiLongGuan Hospital, Peking University HuiLongGuan Clinical Medical School, Beijing, China
| | - Suo-Yuan Zhang
- Beijing HuiLongGuan Hospital, Peking University HuiLongGuan Clinical Medical School, Beijing, China
| | - Li-Gang Zhang
- Beijing HuiLongGuan Hospital, Peking University HuiLongGuan Clinical Medical School, Beijing, China
| | - Rui Yang
- Beijing Anding Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jing-Xu Chen
- Beijing HuiLongGuan Hospital, Peking University HuiLongGuan Clinical Medical School, Beijing, China
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Ullah I, Jatchavala C, Waheed S, Shoib S, Őri D. Suicide in low- and middle-income countries: Perspectives form overview of studies in South Asia. Asian J Psychiatr 2021; 61:102715. [PMID: 34052669 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajp.2021.102715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Revised: 05/08/2021] [Accepted: 05/21/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Irfan Ullah
- Kabir Medical College, Gandhara University, Peshawar, Pakistan.
| | - Chonnakarn Jatchavala
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla, Thailand.
| | - Summaiya Waheed
- Dow Medical College, Dow University Of Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan.
| | - Sheikh Shoib
- Department of Psychiatry, Jawahar Lal Nehru Memorial Hospital, Srinagar, Kashmir, India.
| | - Dorottya Őri
- Heim Pál National Pediatric Institute, Department of Mental Health, Budapest, Hungary.
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Porzak R, Cwynar A, Cwynar W. Improving Debt Literacy by 2/3 Through Four Simple Infographics Requires Numeracy and Not Focusing on Negatives of Debt. Front Psychol 2021; 12:621312. [PMID: 33841252 PMCID: PMC8032938 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.621312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2020] [Accepted: 02/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Borrowing behavior may be more resistant to formal educational treatments than other financial behaviors. In order to study the process and results of infographics-based debt education, we used eye tracking technology (SMI RED 500 Hz) to monitor the oculomotor behavior of 108 participants (68 females) aged 18 to 60 who were shown 4 infographics. The study used an experimental design with repeated measures and an internal comparison group. We also used scales of debt literacy and a set of information literacy scales: numerical, graph, and linguistic. The results confirm that short-term infographics-based debt education can improve debt literacy significantly. The difference in processing the educational contents that were not known to participants before the educational session suggests that participants with better information literacy make more considerable debt literacy progress. Specifically, we found that numerical literacy is a significant mediator of debt education results, depending on the initial level of debt literacy; this relation is moderated by the focus of visual attention on negatives of debt. We found no significant relationship between debt literacy education results and those of graph and linguistic literacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Porzak
- Experimental Psychology Lab, Faculty of Human Sciences, University of Economics and Innovation, Lublin, Poland
| | - Andrzej Cwynar
- Institute of Public Administration and Business, University of Economics and Innovation, Lublin, Poland
| | - Wiktor Cwynar
- Institute of Public Administration and Business, University of Economics and Innovation, Lublin, Poland
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Costa-Cordella S, Arevalo-Romero C, Parada FJ, Rossi A. Social Support and Cognition: A Systematic Review. Front Psychol 2021; 12:637060. [PMID: 33708164 PMCID: PMC7941073 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.637060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2020] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Although the influence of social support in health is a widely acknowledged factor, there is a significant gap in the understanding of its role on cognition. The purpose of this systematic review was, therefore, to determine the state-of-the-art on the literature testing the association between social support and cognition. Using six databases (WoS, PubMed, ProQuest, PsycINFO, Scopus and EBSCOhost), we identified 22 articles published between 1999 and 2019 involving an empirical quantitative focus which meet the inclusion criteria. Data extraction was performed following PRISMA recommendations. To summarize the extracted data, we used a narrative synthesis approach. Despite limitations, there is overall preliminary evidence of a relevant positive association between social support and cognition. Our results demonstrate there is enough information for an outbreak of experimental research in the area and an expansion of this body of knowledge. We argue that the present evidence lays the foundations for a more comprehensive theoretical model, one that corresponds with the complexity of the topic and possibly considers models derived from social interaction and active inference theories.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefanella Costa-Cordella
- Centro de Estudios en Neurociencia Humana y Neuropsicología, Facultad de Psicología, Universidad Diego Portales, Santiago, Chile
- Centro de Estudios en Psicología Clínica y Psicoterapia, Facultad de Psicología, Universidad Diego Portales, Santiago, Chile
| | - Camilo Arevalo-Romero
- Centro de Estudios en Neurociencia Humana y Neuropsicología, Facultad de Psicología, Universidad Diego Portales, Santiago, Chile
- Programa de Magíster en Neurociencia Social, Facultad de Psicología, Universidad Diego Portales, Santiago, Chile
| | - Francisco J. Parada
- Centro de Estudios en Neurociencia Humana y Neuropsicología, Facultad de Psicología, Universidad Diego Portales, Santiago, Chile
| | - Alejandra Rossi
- Centro de Estudios en Neurociencia Humana y Neuropsicología, Facultad de Psicología, Universidad Diego Portales, Santiago, Chile
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