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Zhang P, Li S, Li Y, Zhang B, Liang F, Li J, Zhang H. Survey of role stress among specialty nurses working in tertiary general hospitals across China: a cross-sectional descriptive study. BMC Psychiatry 2024; 24:589. [PMID: 39215260 PMCID: PMC11363659 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-024-06042-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Occupational stress can affect specialty nurses' quality of work, especially for those working in care units. This study, therefore, investigated role stress and its related factors among specialty nurses working in tertiary general hospitals. METHODS This cross-sectional descriptive study used convenience sampling to recruit 795 Chinese specialty nurses in 11 tertiary general hospitals (from February to March 2023). A questionnaire survey was conducted using the Basic Information Questionnaire and the Role Stress Scale. Multiple linear regression analyses were performed on the survey data to explore the factors affecting role stress. RESULTS The total role stress score of specialty nurses in tertiary general hospitals was 52.05 ± 19.98. The highest mean item score was quantitative overload, followed by qualitative overload, role conflict, and role ambiguity, which had the lowest score. Multiple linear regression analysis revealed that gender (β = -0.085, p < 0.05), educational background (β = 0.077, p < 0.05), and work experience (β = -0.104, p < 0.05) were the main factors influencing role stress among specialty nurses. CONCLUSIONS Specialty nurses in tertiary general hospitals had higher levels of role stress than general nurses. Their role stress was primarily reflected in role overload, followed by role conflict and ambiguity. The factors affecting specialty nurses' role stress included gender, work experience, and educational background. Nursing managers should monitor the role stress experienced by specialty nurses in tertiary general hospitals. Providing psychological support for male specialty nurses, performance rewards and learning opportunities for highly educated specialty nurses, and continuous training for inexperienced specialty nurses are essential measures to relieve role stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panpan Zhang
- Nursing Department, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China.
- Nursing Department, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.
- Nursing Department, People's Hospital of Henan University, Zhengzhou, China.
- Henan Provincial Key Medicine Laboratory of Nursing, Zhengzhou, China.
| | - Songyao Li
- Zhengzhou University People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yaru Li
- Zhengzhou University People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Bo Zhang
- Department of Pediatrics, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Fangfang Liang
- Department of International Clinic Center, School of Medicine, Tianjin Stomatological Hospital, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Jiake Li
- Catheter Lab, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Hongmei Zhang
- Nursing Department, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China.
- Nursing Department, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.
- Nursing Department, People's Hospital of Henan University, Zhengzhou, China.
- Henan Provincial Key Medicine Laboratory of Nursing, Zhengzhou, China.
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Xue B, Wang L, Jiang Z, Wang X, Zhang N, Feng Y, Luo H. Factors influencing decent work among psychiatric nurses in China: a cross-sectional study. BMC Psychiatry 2024; 24:541. [PMID: 39085789 PMCID: PMC11292887 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-024-05983-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2024] [Accepted: 07/24/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024] Open
Abstract
AIMS This study aimed to investigate the current status of decent work among psychiatric nurses and analyze its influencing factors. METHODS In February 2024, a cross-sectional study was conducted with a cluster sample of 358 nurses from a tertiary Grade A psychiatric hospital in Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China. Data were collected using a custom-made nurse demographic scale to gather demographic information. The Effort-Reward Imbalance Questionnaire (ERIQ) was used to assess the imbalance between effort and reward through the effort-reward ratio (ERR). The Social Support Rating Scale (SSRS) measured subjective support, objective support, and support utilization. The Decent Work Perception Scale (DWPS) was used to evaluate nurses' perceptions of decent work. T-tests, one-way ANOVA, Pearson's correlation analysis, and multiple linear regression analyses were employed for data analysis. RESULTS The study found that the correlation between decent work and social support was positive (r = 0.360, p < 0.001), while it was negative for effort-reward imbalance (r = -0.584, p < 0.001). Factors influencing perceptions of decent work included years of work experience (β = -0.164, p = 0.046 for < 5 years; β = -0.157, p = 0.040 for > 25 years), social support (β = 0.259, p < 0.001), and the effort-reward imbalance (β=-0.458, p < 0.001). These factors collectively explained 40.2% of the variance in perceptions of decent work. Furthermore, social support plays a mediating role between effort-reward imbalance and decent work (β=-0.062, Bootstrap 95% CI: -0.107, -0.023). CONCLUSION The findings suggest that years of work experience, social support, and the effort-reward imbalance are factors influencing decent work among psychiatric nurses. By offering career development opportunities, fostering supportive work environments, and ensuring fair compensation, we can empower psychiatric nurses to navigate job challenges effectively and sustain a sense of decency in their work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bowen Xue
- Affiliated Mental Health Center & Hangzhou Seventh People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310007, Zhejiang, China
| | - Luoyan Wang
- Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 310015, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhuojun Jiang
- National Center for Mental Health,China, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Xing Wang
- Huzhou Third Municipal Hospital, Huzhou, 313002, Zhejiang, China
| | - Na Zhang
- Huzhou Third Municipal Hospital, Huzhou, 313002, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yaping Feng
- Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 310015, Zhejiang, China
| | - Hong Luo
- Affiliated Mental Health Center & Hangzhou Seventh People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310007, Zhejiang, China.
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Karo M, Simorangkir L, Daryanti Saragih I, Suarilah I, Tzeng HM. Effects of mindfulness-based interventions on reducing psychological distress among nurses: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. J Nurs Scholarsh 2024; 56:319-330. [PMID: 37955233 DOI: 10.1111/jnu.12941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2023] [Revised: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Nurses increasingly use mindfulness as an effective mental health intervention to reduce psychological distress. The effectiveness of mindfulness-based interventions remains inconclusive, which may lead to implementation of interventions in an inefficient or ineffective manner. This study aimed to examine the effects of mindfulness-based interventions on reducing stress, anxiety, and depression among nurses. DESIGN Systematic review and meta-analysis. METHODS Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were searched using six databases published through May 20, 2023, which evaluated the effects of mindfulness-based interventions on reducing psychological distress among nurses. To assess the quality of methodology included in the RCTs, version 2 of the Cochrane risk-of-bias instrument for RCTs with five domains was used. Standardized mean difference (SMD) with 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated using the random-effects model in the meta-analyses. Publication bias was assessed using Egger's regression test. Further, the robustness effect size of the pooled analysis was assessed using leave-one-out sensitivity analysis. FINDINGS A total of 16 RCTs were included in the final analysis. Overall, the modalities appeared to alleviate stress (pooled SMD: -0.50 [95% CI: -0.82 to -0.18]; p < 0.001) and depression (pooled SMD: -0.42 [95% CI: -0.78 to -0.06]; p = 0.02) among nurses. CONCLUSION Mindfulness-based interventions appear to alleviate stress and depression in nurses. Future research evaluating mindfulness-based interventions among working nurses with more rigorous methodological and larger sample size. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Support for nurses' mental health must be included while implementing personal and professional development plans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mestiana Karo
- School of Nursing, STIKES Santa Elisabeth Medan, Medan, Indonesia
| | | | | | - Ira Suarilah
- Faculty of Nursing, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Huey-Ming Tzeng
- School of Nursing, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, USA
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Abdou AH, El-Amin MAMM, Mohammed EFA, Alboray HMM, Refai AMS, Almakhayitah MY, Albohnayh ASM, Alismail AM, Almulla MO, Alsaqer JS, Mahmoud MH, Elshazly AIA, Allam SFA. Work stress, work-family conflict, and psychological distress among resort employees: a JD-R model and spillover theory perspectives. Front Psychol 2024; 15:1326181. [PMID: 38420179 PMCID: PMC10899679 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1326181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
The hospitality industry is well-known for its challenging and high-pressure work settings. In this context, employees commonly face a multitude of stressors originating from their roles and job responsibilities, which can significantly impact their psychological wellbeing. Hence, based on the job demands-resources (JD-R) model and the spillover theory, this study aims to empirically explore the direct and indirect effect of work stress (assessed by role overload, ambiguity, and conflict) on psychological distress among frontline employees in 3- and 4-star Egyptian resorts while considering the mediating influence of work-family conflict (WFC). Four hypotheses were put to the test through the application of the PLS-SEM 4.0 version (4.0.9.9). Based on the findings from 563 frontline employees who participated in this research, the study supports the four hypotheses affirming that work-related stressors significantly contributed to employees' psychological distress. Further, the findings highlighted that these stressors significantly spill over into employees' family lives, generating conflicts between work and family roles. In addition, the results emphasized the significance of WFC as a contributing factor to employees' psychological distress. Finally, the study concluded that WFC partially mediates the link between work stress and employees' psychological distress. Based on these findings, some theoretical and practical implications for hospitality scholars, resort management, and policymakers were suggested to enhance the employees' wellbeing and mitigate psychological distress in this vital sector.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Hassan Abdou
- Social Studies Department, College of Arts, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
- Hotel Studies Department, Faculty of Tourism and Hotels, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | | | | | - Hanem Mostafa Mohamed Alboray
- Department of Education and Psychology, College of Education, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
- Mental Health Department, Faculty of Education, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Aza Mohamed Sediek Refai
- Department of Education and Psychology, College of Education, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Arts, Helwan University, Cairo, Egypt
| | | | | | | | - Mazen Omar Almulla
- Department of Education and Psychology, College of Education, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
| | - Jawharah Saleh Alsaqer
- Department of Education and Psychology, College of Education, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
| | - Maha Hassanein Mahmoud
- Department of Geography, College of Arts, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Geography, College of Arts, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | | | - Sahar Farouk Abdelgaed Allam
- Department of Education and Psychology, College of Education, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Women, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
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Huang CP, Zou JM, Ma H, Zhong Y. Role stress, occupational burnout and depression among emergency nurses: A cross-sectional study. Int Emerg Nurs 2024; 72:101387. [PMID: 37984024 DOI: 10.1016/j.ienj.2023.101387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/04/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Emergency nurses are a professional group at a high risk of burnout and depression. This may influence their mental state and physical health. AIMS The aim of the study was to explore the relationship between role stress, occupational burnout and depression among emergency nurses. METHODS A cross-sectional study was carried out among 295 emergency nurses from eight tertiary hospitals in western China. The Role Stress Scale, the Maslach Burnout Inventory-Human Services Survey and the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale were employed. Descriptive statistics, independent sample t-tests, one-way analysis of variance, Pearson's correlation analysis and regression analysis were performed. RESULTS Of the study participants, 54.6% were found to have depressive symptoms and 48.1% had severe occupational burnout. Positive correlations were observed between the scores of role stress and burnout and depression. Approximately 37.1% of the variation in depression was explained by the components of occupational burnout. CONCLUSIONS Emergency nurses experience high levels of role stress, occupational burnout and depression. Preventive approaches to role stress, burnout and depression are needed to improve their psychological condition and quality of work life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang-Ping Huang
- School of Nursing, Sichuan Vocational College of Health and Rehabilitation, Zigong, Sichuan, China
| | - Jin-Mei Zou
- School of Nursing, Sichuan Vocational College of Health and Rehabilitation, Zigong, Sichuan, China.
| | - Huan Ma
- School of Nursing, Sichuan Vocational College of Health and Rehabilitation, Zigong, Sichuan, China
| | - Ying Zhong
- Nuring Department, Zigong First people's Hospital, Zigong, Sichuan, China
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Arias-Ulloa CA, Gómez-Salgado J, Escobar-Segovia K, García-Iglesias JJ, Fagundo-Rivera J, Ruiz-Frutos C. Psychological distress in healthcare workers during COVID-19 pandemic: A systematic review. JOURNAL OF SAFETY RESEARCH 2023; 87:297-312. [PMID: 38081703 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsr.2023.07.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Revised: 04/09/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Healthcare workers serving during the COVID-19 pandemic may have been exposed to high work overload, which may have had an impact on their physical, mental, and social health. The aim of this study was to assess the risk factors associated with psychological distress among healthcare workers serving during the COVID-19 pandemic from January 2020 to December 2022. METHODS A systematic review was conducted based on the 2020 PRISMA statement. Articles were searched in the Pubmed, Scopus, Web of Science, CINAHL, and PsycINFO databases. RESULTS A total of 59 articles were included in this systematic review. It was observed that the prevalence of psychological distress during the COVID-19 pandemic was high. Female sex, being a nurse, being young, living alone/being single, and having a chronic disease or psychiatric disorder history are the main risk factors at the personal level. Other occupational and pandemic-related factors such as having many years of work experience, the presence of COVID-19 symptoms and contact history, not enough sleep, having lower family support and limited social relationships, fear of infecting friends and family, having a reduced perception of protection by personal protective equipment, working on the frontline, and having longer service duration were found to be factors influencing the development of psychological distress during the COVID-19 pandemic. CONCLUSIONS There are personal, interpersonal, and organizational risk factors that can lead to the occurrence of psychological distress among healthcare staff working during the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristian Arturo Arias-Ulloa
- Faculty of Engineering in Mechanics and Production Sciences, Escuela Superior Politécnica del Litoral, 090902 Guayaquil, Ecuador.
| | - Juan Gómez-Salgado
- Department of Sociology, Social Work and Public Health, Faculty of Labour Sciences, University of Huelva, 21007 Huelva, Spain; Safety and Health Postgraduate Programme, Universidad Espíritu Santo, 092301 Guayaquil, Ecuador.
| | - Kenny Escobar-Segovia
- Faculty of Engineering in Earth Sciences, Escuela Superior Politécnica del Litoral, 090902 Guayaquil, Ecuador.
| | - Juan Jesús García-Iglesias
- Department of Sociology, Social Work and Public Health, Faculty of Labour Sciences, University of Huelva, 21007 Huelva, Spain.
| | - Javier Fagundo-Rivera
- Centro Universitario de Enfermería Cruz Roja, Universidad de Sevilla, 41009 Sevilla, Spain.
| | - Carlos Ruiz-Frutos
- Department of Sociology, Social Work and Public Health, Faculty of Labour Sciences, University of Huelva, 21007 Huelva, Spain; Safety and Health Postgraduate Programme, Universidad Espíritu Santo, 092301 Guayaquil, Ecuador.
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7
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Liao Y, Wei W, Fang S, Wu L, Gao J, Wu X, Huang L, Li C, Li Y. Work immersion and perceived stress among clinical nurses: a latent profile analysis and moderated mediation analysis. BMC Nurs 2023; 22:346. [PMID: 37784078 PMCID: PMC10546695 DOI: 10.1186/s12912-023-01467-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Exploration of the relationship between individual work immersion and perceived stress is critical for clinical nurses' effective psychological interventions and human resource management, as well as to alleviate nursing staff shortages. In order to further dissect the influencing factors of perceived stress among nursing staff, our study introduces the concepts of perfectionism and social connectedness to analyze the specific pathways that influence perceived stress in terms of an individual's intrinsic and external personality traits. This study provides relevant recommendations for the development of stress management measures for nursing staff. METHODS This was a cross-sectional survey. 993 registered clinical nurses were included from four hospitals in Guangzhou through a convenience sampling method. Clinical nurses' work immersion, perceived stress, perfectionism, and social connectedness were investigated using questionnaires based on latent profile analysis. The relationships between variables were analyzed using t-tests, analysis of variance, Pearson's correlation analysis, latent profile analysis, and moderated mediation analysis. RESULTS The results showed that (1) general influences on nurses' perceived stress included only child, labor relationship, labor allowance, and family support; (2) nurses' work immersion contained four subgroups: lowest (12.6%), medium-low (39.8%), medium-high (39.9%), and highest (7.7%); (3) positive and negative perfectionism played a mediating role between the association of work immersion and perceived stress; (4) social connectedness played a moderating role in the mediation model of perceived stress. CONCLUSIONS Work immersion, perfectionism, and social connectedness have an important impact on clinical nurses' perceived stress. Nursing managers or leaders should pay attention to the differences of individual work immersion status, adopt reasonable stress management strategies, accurately identify positive perfectionist groups and strengthen the relationship between groups, so as to ensure the quality of nursing care, and reduce nursing turnover and alleviate the problem of staff shortage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Liao
- Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510006, China
| | - Wanting Wei
- Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510006, China
| | - Sujuan Fang
- Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510120, China
| | - Lihua Wu
- Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510006, China
| | - Jing Gao
- Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510006, China
| | - Xinyu Wu
- Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510006, China
| | - Lijun Huang
- Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510006, China
| | - Chun Li
- Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510006, China.
| | - Yu Li
- Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510006, China.
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Xiao S, Shi L, Lin H, Shihong Z, Ou W, Zhang J, Zhu H, Zhang C. The impact of psychological capital on turnover intention among Chinese nurses: A moderated mediation model. J Nurs Manag 2022; 30:3031-3040. [PMID: 35661464 DOI: 10.1111/jonm.13702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2022] [Revised: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 06/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
AIMS This study examined how the mediating effect of psychological distress and the moderating role of social support influence the connection between psychological capital and turnover intention among Chinese nurses. BACKGROUND Nurses play a crucial role in medical and health services, but turnover intentions are common among them. METHODS A cross-sectional survey was conducted involving 4,865 nurses in China. The Chinese Psychological Capital Questionnaire, Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale, Social Support Rating Scale, and Turnover Intention Scale were used to gather data. Bootstrap and simple slope methods were used to test the mediating effect of psychological distress and the moderating effect of social support. RESULTS Psychological capital had a significant direct impact on turnover intention among nurses (B = -0.040, t = -10.032, P < 0.001). Psychological distress had a mediation effect of 46.89% between psychological capital and turnover intention. Moreover, social support had a moderating role in the relationship between psychological distress and psychological capital and between psychological distress and turnover intention. CONCLUSIONS Psychological capital correlated negatively with psychological distress and turnover intention and indirectly influenced turnover intention through psychological distress. Social support moderated the first and second half of the path in the mediating model of psychological distress. These findings have implications for early intervention for and the prevention of turnover intention in nurses. IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING MANAGEMENT This study's findings can inform the design of effective nurse support programs to reduce the impact of psychological distress on turnover intention among nurses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shujuan Xiao
- School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,School of Health Management, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Lei Shi
- School of Health Management, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Huang Lin
- School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,School of Health Management, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhao Shihong
- The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Weiyan Ou
- School of Health Management, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | | | - Hong Zhu
- Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Health Commission of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chichen Zhang
- School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Institute of Health Management, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
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Pan A, Wu Y, Chen X, Yu W, Wu X, Chen L, He L, Zheng G, Ma L. A qualitative study of psychological stress among China's frontline nurses fighting COVID-19. Arch Med Sci 2022; 18:1407-1412. [PMID: 36160350 PMCID: PMC9479703 DOI: 10.5114/aoms/151141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Aihong Pan
- Nursing Department, The First People’s Hospital of Hefei, Hefei, China
| | - Yuyan Wu
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, The First People’s Hospital of Hefei, Hefei, China
| | - Xiaoju Chen
- Spine Orthopedics, The First People’s Hospital of Hefei, Hefei, China
| | - Weihua Yu
- Dean’s Office, The First People’s Hospital of Hefei, Hefei, China
| | - Xufeng Wu
- Intensive Care Unit, The First People’s Hospital of Hefei, Hefei, China
| | - Lili Chen
- Infection Department, The First People’s Hospital of Hefei, Hefei, China
| | - Lei He
- Nursing Department, The First People’s Hospital of Hefei, Hefei, China
| | - Guohua Zheng
- Traditional Chinese Medicine Department, The First People’s Hospital of Hefei, Hefei, China
| | - Li Ma
- Emergency Medicine Department, The First People’s Hospital of Hefei, Hefei, China
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