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Jiang Y, Neal J, Sompol P, Yener G, Arakaki X, Norris CM, Farina FR, Ibanez A, Lopez S, Al-Ezzi A, Kavcic V, Güntekin B, Babiloni C, Hajós M. Parallel electrophysiological abnormalities due to COVID-19 infection and to Alzheimer's disease and related dementia. Alzheimers Dement 2024. [PMID: 39206795 DOI: 10.1002/alz.14089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Revised: 05/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/31/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
Many coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) positive individuals exhibit abnormal electroencephalographic (EEG) activity reflecting "brain fog" and mild cognitive impairments even months after the acute phase of infection. Resting-state EEG abnormalities include EEG slowing (reduced alpha rhythm; increased slow waves) and epileptiform activity. An expert panel conducted a systematic review to present compelling evidence that cognitive deficits due to COVID-19 and to Alzheimer's disease and related dementia (ADRD) are driven by overlapping pathologies and neurophysiological abnormalities. EEG abnormalities seen in COVID-19 patients resemble those observed in early stages of neurodegenerative diseases, particularly ADRD. It is proposed that similar EEG abnormalities in Long COVID and ADRD are due to parallel neuroinflammation, astrocyte reactivity, hypoxia, and neurovascular injury. These neurophysiological abnormalities underpinning cognitive decline in COVID-19 can be detected by routine EEG exams. Future research will explore the value of EEG monitoring of COVID-19 patients for predicting long-term outcomes and monitoring efficacy of therapeutic interventions. HIGHLIGHTS: Abnormal intrinsic electrophysiological brain activity, such as slowing of EEG, reduced alpha wave, and epileptiform are characteristic findings in COVID-19 patients. EEG abnormalities have the potential as neural biomarkers to identify neurological complications at the early stage of the disease, to assist clinical assessment, and to assess cognitive decline risk in Long COVID patients. Similar slowing of intrinsic brain activity to that of COVID-19 patients is typically seen in patients with mild cognitive impairments, ADRD. Evidence presented supports the idea that cognitive deficits in Long COVID and ADRD are driven by overlapping neurophysiological abnormalities resulting, at least in part, from neuroinflammatory mechanisms and astrocyte reactivity. Identifying common biological mechanisms in Long COVID-19 and ADRD can highlight critical pathologies underlying brain disorders and cognitive decline. It elucidates research questions regarding cognitive EEG and mild cognitive impairment in Long COVID that have not yet been adequately investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Jiang
- Aging Brain and Cognition Laboratory, Department of Behavioral Science, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
- Sanders Brown Center on Aging, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
| | - Jennifer Neal
- Aging Brain and Cognition Laboratory, Department of Behavioral Science, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
| | - Pradoldej Sompol
- Sanders Brown Center on Aging, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
- Department of Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
| | - Görsev Yener
- Faculty of Medicine, Dept of Neurology, İzmir University of Economics, İzmir, Turkey
- IBG: International Biomedicine and Genome Center, İzmir, Turkey
| | - Xianghong Arakaki
- Cognition and Brain Integration Laboratory, Department of Neurosciences, Huntington Medical Research Institutes, Pasadena, California, USA
| | - Christopher M Norris
- Sanders Brown Center on Aging, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
- Department of Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
| | | | - Agustin Ibanez
- BrainLat: Latin American Brain Health Institute, Universidad Adolfo Ibañez, Santiago, Chile
- Cognitive Neuroscience Center, Universidad de San Andrés, Victoria, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- GBHI: Global Brain Health Institute, Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Susanna Lopez
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology "V. Erspamer,", Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Abdulhakim Al-Ezzi
- Cognition and Brain Integration Laboratory, Department of Neurosciences, Huntington Medical Research Institutes, Pasadena, California, USA
| | - Voyko Kavcic
- Institute of Gerontology, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - Bahar Güntekin
- Research Institute for Health Sciences and Technologies (SABITA), Istanbul Medipol University, Istanbul, Turkey
- Department of Biophysics, School of Medicine, Istanbul Medipol University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Claudio Babiloni
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology "V. Erspamer,", Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
- Hospital San Raffaele Cassino, Cassino, Frosinone, Italy
| | - Mihály Hajós
- Cognito Therapeutics, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Comparative Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
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2
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Leonel JW, Ciurleo GCV, Formiga AM, Vasconcelos TDMF, de Andrade MH, Feitosa WLQ, Sobreira-Neto AA, Portugal CG, Morais LM, Marinho SC, Gomes EDABM, Feitosa EDAAF, Sobreira EST, Oriá RB, Sobreira-Neto MA, Braga-Neto P. Long COVID: neurological manifestations - an updated narrative review. Dement Neuropsychol 2024; 18:e20230076. [PMID: 38425701 PMCID: PMC10901563 DOI: 10.1590/1980-5764-dn-2023-0076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Revised: 10/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Infection with the SARS-CoV-2 virus can lead to neurological symptoms in the acute phase and in the Long COVID phase. These symptoms usually involve cognition, sleep, smell disorders, psychiatric manifestations, headache and others. This condition is more commonly described in young adults and women. This symptomatology can follow severe or mild cases of the disease. The importance of this issue resides in the high prevalence of neurological symptoms in the Long COVID phase, which entails significant morbidity in this population. In addition, such a condition is associated with high health care costs, with some estimates hovering around 3.7 trillion US dollars. In this review, we will sequentially describe the current knowledge about the most prevalent neurological symptoms in Long COVID, as well as their pathophysiology and possible biomarkers.
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3
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Seighali N, Abdollahi A, Shafiee A, Amini MJ, Teymouri Athar MM, Safari O, Faghfouri P, Eskandari A, Rostaii O, Salehi AH, Soltani H, Hosseini M, Abhari FS, Maghsoudi MR, Jahanbakhshi B, Bakhtiyari M. The global prevalence of depression, anxiety, and sleep disorder among patients coping with Post COVID-19 syndrome (long COVID): a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Psychiatry 2024; 24:105. [PMID: 38321404 PMCID: PMC10848453 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-023-05481-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/25/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Post COVID-19 syndrome, also known as "Long COVID," is a complex and multifaceted condition that affects individuals who have recovered from SARS-CoV-2 infection. This systematic review and meta-analysis aim to comprehensively assess the global prevalence of depression, anxiety, and sleep disorder in individuals coping with Post COVID-19 syndrome. METHODS A rigorous search of electronic databases was conducted to identify original studies until 24 January 2023. The inclusion criteria comprised studies employing previously validated assessment tools for depression, anxiety, and sleep disorders, reporting prevalence rates, and encompassing patients of all age groups and geographical regions for subgroup analysis Random effects model was utilized for the meta-analysis. Meta-regression analysis was done. RESULTS The pooled prevalence of depression and anxiety among patients coping with Post COVID-19 syndrome was estimated to be 23% (95% CI: 20%-26%; I2 = 99.9%) based on data from 143 studies with 7,782,124 participants and 132 studies with 9,320,687 participants, respectively. The pooled prevalence of sleep disorder among these patients, derived from 27 studies with 15,362 participants, was estimated to be 45% (95% CI: 37%-53%; I2 = 98.7%). Subgroup analyses based on geographical regions and assessment scales revealed significant variations in prevalence rates. Meta-regression analysis showed significant correlations between the prevalence and total sample size of studies, the age of participants, and the percentage of male participants. Publication bias was assessed using Doi plot visualization and the Peters test, revealing a potential source of publication bias for depression (p = 0.0085) and sleep disorder (p = 0.02). However, no evidence of publication bias was found for anxiety (p = 0.11). CONCLUSION This systematic review and meta-analysis demonstrate a considerable burden of mental health issues, including depression, anxiety, and sleep disorders, among individuals recovering from COVID-19. The findings emphasize the need for comprehensive mental health support and tailored interventions for patients experiencing persistent symptoms after COVID-19 recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niloofar Seighali
- Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
| | - Abolfazl Abdollahi
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
| | - Arman Shafiee
- Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran.
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran.
| | - Mohammad Javad Amini
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
| | | | - Omid Safari
- Department of Community Medicine, School of Community Medicine, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
| | - Parsa Faghfouri
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
| | - Alireza Eskandari
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
| | - Omid Rostaii
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
| | - Amir Hossein Salehi
- School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hedieh Soltani
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
| | - Mahsa Hosseini
- Student research committee, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran
| | - Faeze Soltani Abhari
- Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Maghsoudi
- Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
| | - Bahar Jahanbakhshi
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
| | - Mahmood Bakhtiyari
- Department of Community Medicine, School of Community Medicine, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran.
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Tavares-Júnior JWL, Ciurleo GCV, Feitosa EDAAF, Oriá RB, Braga-Neto P. The Clinical Aspects of COVID and Alzheimer's Disease: A Round-Up of Where Things Stand and Are Headed. J Alzheimers Dis 2024; 99:1159-1171. [PMID: 38848177 DOI: 10.3233/jad-231368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2024]
Abstract
The link between long COVID-19 and brain/cognitive impairments is concerning and may foster a worrisome worldwide emergence of novel cases of neurodegenerative diseases with aging. This review aims to update the knowledge, crosstalk, and possible intersections between the Post-COVID Syndrome (PCS) and Alzheimer's disease (AD). References included in this review were obtained from PubMed searches conducted between October 2023 and November 2023. PCS is a very heterogenous and poorly understood disease with recent evidence of a possible association with chronic diseases such as AD. However, more scientific data is required to establish the link between PCS and AD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Gabriella Cunha Vieira Ciurleo
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Neurology Section, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará (UFC), Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
- Department of Morphology and Institute of Biomedicine, Laboratory of the Biology of Tissue Healing, Ontogeny and Nutrition, School of Medicine, Federal University of Ceara, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | | | - Reinaldo B Oriá
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Neurology Section, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará (UFC), Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
- Department of Morphology and Institute of Biomedicine, Laboratory of the Biology of Tissue Healing, Ontogeny and Nutrition, School of Medicine, Federal University of Ceara, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Pedro Braga-Neto
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Neurology Section, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará (UFC), Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
- Center of Health Sciences, State University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
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5
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Tsapanou A, Zoi P, Kalligerou F, Blekou P, Sakka P. Long COVID-19 Symptoms in People with Dementia or Mild Cognitive Impairment. J Alzheimers Dis Rep 2023; 7:1371-1375. [PMID: 38225964 PMCID: PMC10789283 DOI: 10.3233/adr-230119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2024] Open
Abstract
What is the impact of long COVID-19 on people with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) or dementia? Self-reported questionnaire was used for the report of long COVID-19 symptoms. People with MCI or dementia or their caregivers regarding patients' health were recruited COVID-19 throughout from the Athens Alzheimer's Association. We included 72 participants. Thirty had the diagnosis of MCI and 39 had dementia. Most symptoms lasted for 3-4 weeks. The majority of patients reported having all the symptoms, with fatigue being the major disturbance. The diagnosis and the management of long COVID-19 symptoms requires a more holistic and comprehensive approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angeliki Tsapanou
- Athens Alzheimer’s Association, Athens, Greece
- Cognitive Neuroscience Division, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
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6
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Tavares-Júnior JWL, Oliveira DN, da Silva JBS, Queiroz Feitosa WL, Sousa AVM, Marinho SC, Cunha LCV, Gaspar SDB, Gomes CMP, de Oliveira LLB, Moreira-Nunes CA, Sobreira EST, de Moraes MEA, Sobreira-Neto MA, Montenegro RC, Braga-Neto P. Post-COVID-19 Cognitive Decline and Apoe Polymorphism: Towards a Possible Link? Brain Sci 2023; 13:1611. [PMID: 38137059 PMCID: PMC10742128 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci13121611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Revised: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/19/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
APOE ε4 polymorphism has been recently described as a possible association with cognitive deficits in COVID-19 patients. This research aimed to establish the correlation between COVID-19 and cognitive impairment, and the APOE gene polymorphism among outpatients. We performed a cross-sectional study with confirmed COVID-19 patients and neurological symptoms that persisted for more than three months from onset. APOE genotypes were determined. The final number of patients included in this study was 219, of which 186 blood samples were collected for APOE genotyping, evaluated 4.5 months after COVID-19. Among the participants, 143 patients (65.3%) reported memory impairment symptoms as their primary concern. However, this complaint was objectively verified through screening tests (Addenbrooke Cognitive Examination-Revised and Mini-Mental State Examination) in only 36 patients (16.4%). The group experiencing cognitive decline exhibited a higher prevalence of the APOE ε4 allele than the normal group (30.8% vs. 16.4%, respectively, p = 0.038). Furthermore, the APOE ε4 allele and anxiety symptoms remained significant after multivariate analysis. This study assessed an outpatient population where cognitive changes were the primary complaint, even in mild cases. Moreover, the ε4 allele, sleep disorders, and anxiety symptoms were more frequent in the cognitive decline group.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Wagner Leonel Tavares-Júnior
- Neurology Division, Clinical Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará (UFC), Fortaleza 60020-181, CE, Brazil; (J.W.L.T.-J.); (D.N.O.); (W.L.Q.F.); (A.V.M.S.); (L.C.V.C.); (E.S.T.S.); (M.A.S.-N.)
- Clinical Research Unit, Walter Cantidio University Hospital, Federal University of Ceará (UFC), Fortaleza 60020-181, CE, Brazil
| | - Danilo Nunes Oliveira
- Neurology Division, Clinical Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará (UFC), Fortaleza 60020-181, CE, Brazil; (J.W.L.T.-J.); (D.N.O.); (W.L.Q.F.); (A.V.M.S.); (L.C.V.C.); (E.S.T.S.); (M.A.S.-N.)
- Clinical Research Unit, Walter Cantidio University Hospital, Federal University of Ceará (UFC), Fortaleza 60020-181, CE, Brazil
| | - Jean Breno Silveira da Silva
- Medicine Research and Development Center (NPDM), Pharmacogenetics Laboratory, Federal University of Ceará (UFC), Fortaleza 60020-181, CE, Brazil; (J.B.S.d.S.); (L.L.B.d.O.); (C.A.M.-N.); (M.E.A.d.M.); (R.C.M.)
| | - Werbety Lucas Queiroz Feitosa
- Neurology Division, Clinical Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará (UFC), Fortaleza 60020-181, CE, Brazil; (J.W.L.T.-J.); (D.N.O.); (W.L.Q.F.); (A.V.M.S.); (L.C.V.C.); (E.S.T.S.); (M.A.S.-N.)
- Clinical Research Unit, Walter Cantidio University Hospital, Federal University of Ceará (UFC), Fortaleza 60020-181, CE, Brazil
| | - Artur Victor Menezes Sousa
- Neurology Division, Clinical Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará (UFC), Fortaleza 60020-181, CE, Brazil; (J.W.L.T.-J.); (D.N.O.); (W.L.Q.F.); (A.V.M.S.); (L.C.V.C.); (E.S.T.S.); (M.A.S.-N.)
| | - Samuel Cavalcante Marinho
- Health Sciences Center, State University of Ceará (UECE), Fortaleza 60714-903, CE, Brazil; (S.C.M.); (S.d.B.G.); (C.M.P.G.)
| | - Letícia Chaves Vieira Cunha
- Neurology Division, Clinical Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará (UFC), Fortaleza 60020-181, CE, Brazil; (J.W.L.T.-J.); (D.N.O.); (W.L.Q.F.); (A.V.M.S.); (L.C.V.C.); (E.S.T.S.); (M.A.S.-N.)
- Clinical Research Unit, Walter Cantidio University Hospital, Federal University of Ceará (UFC), Fortaleza 60020-181, CE, Brazil
| | - Safira de Brito Gaspar
- Health Sciences Center, State University of Ceará (UECE), Fortaleza 60714-903, CE, Brazil; (S.C.M.); (S.d.B.G.); (C.M.P.G.)
| | - Carmem Meyve Pereira Gomes
- Health Sciences Center, State University of Ceará (UECE), Fortaleza 60714-903, CE, Brazil; (S.C.M.); (S.d.B.G.); (C.M.P.G.)
| | - Laís Lacerda Brasil de Oliveira
- Medicine Research and Development Center (NPDM), Pharmacogenetics Laboratory, Federal University of Ceará (UFC), Fortaleza 60020-181, CE, Brazil; (J.B.S.d.S.); (L.L.B.d.O.); (C.A.M.-N.); (M.E.A.d.M.); (R.C.M.)
| | - Caroline Aquino Moreira-Nunes
- Medicine Research and Development Center (NPDM), Pharmacogenetics Laboratory, Federal University of Ceará (UFC), Fortaleza 60020-181, CE, Brazil; (J.B.S.d.S.); (L.L.B.d.O.); (C.A.M.-N.); (M.E.A.d.M.); (R.C.M.)
| | - Emmanuelle Silva Tavares Sobreira
- Neurology Division, Clinical Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará (UFC), Fortaleza 60020-181, CE, Brazil; (J.W.L.T.-J.); (D.N.O.); (W.L.Q.F.); (A.V.M.S.); (L.C.V.C.); (E.S.T.S.); (M.A.S.-N.)
- Clinical Research Unit, Walter Cantidio University Hospital, Federal University of Ceará (UFC), Fortaleza 60020-181, CE, Brazil
| | - Maria Elisabete Amaral de Moraes
- Medicine Research and Development Center (NPDM), Pharmacogenetics Laboratory, Federal University of Ceará (UFC), Fortaleza 60020-181, CE, Brazil; (J.B.S.d.S.); (L.L.B.d.O.); (C.A.M.-N.); (M.E.A.d.M.); (R.C.M.)
| | - Manoel Alves Sobreira-Neto
- Neurology Division, Clinical Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará (UFC), Fortaleza 60020-181, CE, Brazil; (J.W.L.T.-J.); (D.N.O.); (W.L.Q.F.); (A.V.M.S.); (L.C.V.C.); (E.S.T.S.); (M.A.S.-N.)
- Clinical Research Unit, Walter Cantidio University Hospital, Federal University of Ceará (UFC), Fortaleza 60020-181, CE, Brazil
| | - Raquel Carvalho Montenegro
- Medicine Research and Development Center (NPDM), Pharmacogenetics Laboratory, Federal University of Ceará (UFC), Fortaleza 60020-181, CE, Brazil; (J.B.S.d.S.); (L.L.B.d.O.); (C.A.M.-N.); (M.E.A.d.M.); (R.C.M.)
| | - Pedro Braga-Neto
- Neurology Division, Clinical Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará (UFC), Fortaleza 60020-181, CE, Brazil; (J.W.L.T.-J.); (D.N.O.); (W.L.Q.F.); (A.V.M.S.); (L.C.V.C.); (E.S.T.S.); (M.A.S.-N.)
- Clinical Research Unit, Walter Cantidio University Hospital, Federal University of Ceará (UFC), Fortaleza 60020-181, CE, Brazil
- Health Sciences Center, State University of Ceará (UECE), Fortaleza 60714-903, CE, Brazil; (S.C.M.); (S.d.B.G.); (C.M.P.G.)
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7
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Ciurleo GCV, Tavares-Júnior JWL, Vieira CMAG, Braga-Neto P, Oriá RB. Do APOE4 and long COVID-19 increase the risk for neurodegenerative diseases in adverse environments and poverty? Front Neurosci 2023; 17:1229073. [PMID: 37694114 PMCID: PMC10483995 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1229073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Gabriella C. V. Ciurleo
- Laboratory of the Biology of Tissue Healing, Ontogeny and Nutrition, Department of Morphology and Institute of Biomedicine, School of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | | | - Carlos Meton A. G. Vieira
- Laboratory of the Biology of Tissue Healing, Ontogeny and Nutrition, Department of Morphology and Institute of Biomedicine, School of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Pedro Braga-Neto
- Neurology Division, Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
- Health Sciences Center, State University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Reinaldo B. Oriá
- Laboratory of the Biology of Tissue Healing, Ontogeny and Nutrition, Department of Morphology and Institute of Biomedicine, School of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
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8
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Vilarello BJ, Jacobson PT, Tervo JP, Waring NA, Gudis DA, Goldberg TE, Devanand DP, Overdevest JB. Olfaction and neurocognition after COVID-19: a scoping review. Front Neurosci 2023; 17:1198267. [PMID: 37457004 PMCID: PMC10339825 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1198267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction COVID-19 induces both acute and chronic neurological changes. Existing evidence suggests that chemosensory changes, particularly olfactory loss, may reflect central neurological dysfunction in neurodegenerative diseases and mark progression from mild cognitive impairment to Alzheimer's. This scoping review summarizes the available literature to evaluate the relationship between neurocognition and olfaction in young to middle-aged adults with minimal comorbidities following COVID-19 infection. Methods A literature search of PubMed, Ovid Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library was conducted. Studies underwent title/abstract and full text screening by two reviewers, with a third reviewer resolving any conflicts. Remaining studies underwent data extraction. Results Seventeen studies were eligible for data extraction after the review process, where 12 studies found significantly poorer cognition in those suffering from olfactory dysfunction, four studies showed no association between cognition and olfaction, and one study reported lower anosmia prevalence among patients with cognitive impairment. Conclusion The majority of studies in this review find that olfactory dysfunction is associated with poorer cognition. More rigorous studies are needed to further elucidate the relationship between olfaction and cognition after COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brandon J. Vilarello
- Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY, United States
| | - Patricia T. Jacobson
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, New York-Presbyterian/Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, United States
| | - Jeremy P. Tervo
- Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY, United States
| | - Nicholas A. Waring
- Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY, United States
| | - David A. Gudis
- Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY, United States
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, New York-Presbyterian/Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, United States
| | - Terry E. Goldberg
- Department of Psychiatry, New York-Presbyterian/Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, United States
| | - D. P. Devanand
- Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY, United States
- Department of Psychiatry, New York-Presbyterian/Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, United States
| | - Jonathan B. Overdevest
- Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY, United States
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, New York-Presbyterian/Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, United States
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9
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Vandersteen C, Plonka A, Manera V, Sawchuk K, Lafontaine C, Galery K, Rouaud O, Bengaied N, Launay C, Guérin O, Robert P, Allali G, Beauchet O, Gros A. Alzheimer's early detection in post-acute COVID-19 syndrome: a systematic review and expert consensus on preclinical assessments. Front Aging Neurosci 2023; 15:1206123. [PMID: 37416323 PMCID: PMC10320294 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2023.1206123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction The risk of developing Alzheimer's disease (AD) in older adults increasingly is being discussed in the literature on Post-Acute COVID-19 Syndrome (PACS). Remote digital Assessments for Preclinical AD (RAPAs) are becoming more important in screening for early AD, and should always be available for PACS patients, especially for patients at risk of AD. This systematic review examines the potential for using RAPA to identify impairments in PACS patients, scrutinizes the supporting evidence, and describes the recommendations of experts regarding their use. Methods We conducted a thorough search using the PubMed and Embase databases. Systematic reviews (with or without meta-analysis), narrative reviews, and observational studies that assessed patients with PACS on specific RAPAs were included. The RAPAs that were identified looked for impairments in olfactory, eye-tracking, graphical, speech and language, central auditory, or spatial navigation abilities. The recommendations' final grades were determined by evaluating the strength of the evidence and by having a consensus discussion about the results of the Delphi rounds among an international Delphi consensus panel called IMPACT, sponsored by the French National Research Agency. The consensus panel included 11 international experts from France, Switzerland, and Canada. Results Based on the available evidence, olfaction is the most long-lasting impairment found in PACS patients. However, while olfaction is the most prevalent impairment, expert consensus statements recommend that AD olfactory screening should not be used on patients with a history of PACS at this point in time. Experts recommend that olfactory screenings can only be recommended once those under study have reported full recovery. This is particularly important for the deployment of the olfactory identification subdimension. The expert assessment that more long-term studies are needed after a period of full recovery, suggests that this consensus statement requires an update in a few years. Conclusion Based on available evidence, olfaction could be long-lasting in PACS patients. However, according to expert consensus statements, AD olfactory screening is not recommended for patients with a history of PACS until complete recovery has been confirmed in the literature, particularly for the identification sub-dimension. This consensus statement may require an update in a few years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clair Vandersteen
- Institut Universitaire de la Face et du Cou, ENT Department, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, Nice, France
- Laboratoire CoBTeK, Université Côte d'Azur, Nice, France
| | - Alexandra Plonka
- Laboratoire CoBTeK, Université Côte d'Azur, Nice, France
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nice, Service Clinique Gériatrique du Cerveau et du Mouvement, Nice, France
- Département d'Orthophonie, UFR Médecine, Université Côte d'Azur, Nice, France
- Institut NeuroMod, Université Côte d'Azur, Sophia Antipolis, France
| | - Valeria Manera
- Laboratoire CoBTeK, Université Côte d'Azur, Nice, France
- Département d'Orthophonie, UFR Médecine, Université Côte d'Azur, Nice, France
- Institut NeuroMod, Université Côte d'Azur, Sophia Antipolis, France
| | - Kim Sawchuk
- ACTLab, engAGE: Centre for Research on Aging, Concordia University Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Constance Lafontaine
- ACTLab, engAGE: Centre for Research on Aging, Concordia University Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Kevin Galery
- Research Centre of the Geriatric University Institute of Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Olivier Rouaud
- Leenaards Memory Center, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Nouha Bengaied
- Federation of Quebec Alzheimer Societies, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Cyrille Launay
- Mc Gill University Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Olivier Guérin
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nice, Service Clinique Gériatrique du Cerveau et du Mouvement, Nice, France
- Université Côte d'Azur, CNRS UMR 7284/INSERM U108, Institute for Research on Cancer and Aging Nice, UFR de Médecine, Nice, France
| | - Philippe Robert
- Laboratoire CoBTeK, Université Côte d'Azur, Nice, France
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nice, Service Clinique Gériatrique du Cerveau et du Mouvement, Nice, France
- Département d'Orthophonie, UFR Médecine, Université Côte d'Azur, Nice, France
| | - Gilles Allali
- Leenaards Memory Center, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Olivier Beauchet
- Research Centre of the Geriatric University Institute of Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Mc Gill University Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Departments of Medicine and Geriatric, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Auriane Gros
- Laboratoire CoBTeK, Université Côte d'Azur, Nice, France
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nice, Service Clinique Gériatrique du Cerveau et du Mouvement, Nice, France
- Département d'Orthophonie, UFR Médecine, Université Côte d'Azur, Nice, France
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