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Sadeghi-Bahmani D, Brand S, Meinlschmidt G, Tegethoff M, Kurath J, Bürki N, Hösli I, Mikoteit T. Prepartal Stress, Prepartal and Postpartal Hair Glucocorticoid Concentrations, and Symptoms of Postpartum Depression 3 Days and 12 Weeks After Delivery. BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY GLOBAL OPEN SCIENCE 2025; 5:100454. [PMID: 40115745 PMCID: PMC11925523 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpsgos.2025.100454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2024] [Revised: 01/15/2025] [Accepted: 01/17/2025] [Indexed: 03/23/2025] Open
Abstract
Background Postpartum depression (PPD) is a serious mental health problem that affects about 17% of mothers. The aims of the current study were to observe the associations between prenatal stress, self- and expert-rated PPD, and prepartal and postpartal hair cortisol and cortisone concentrations as proxies for altered hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis activity (HPA-AA). Methods A total of 129 mothers (mean age 33.1 years) completed the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale 3 days (baseline) and 12 weeks (study end) postpartum. At the end of the study, participants reported on prepartum stressful life events, experts rated participants' symptoms of depression, and participants provided 6 cm of hair strands for analysis of hair glucosteroid levels 12 weeks before and 12 weeks after delivery. Results Prepartal stress was associated with higher scores for self- and expert-rated PPD and with lower hair cortisone concentrations as a proxy for less adaptive HPA-AA. Higher prepartal and postpartal hair cortisol/cortisone ratios (i.e., higher cortisol/lower cortisone concentrations) were associated with higher PPD symptom scores. Conclusions Women with prepartal stress were at increased risk of experiencing PPD 12 weeks after delivery. Altered hair steroid levels (lower cortisone concentrations) as a proxy for altered HPA-AA further substantiated this association. Results suggest that 1) both prepartal stress and the suppression of HPA-AA appear to be involved in the development of PPD; 2) hair steroid analysis can be used to predict PPD; and 3) women with prepartal stressful life events may benefit from timely support and relief to decrease their risk of developing PPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dena Sadeghi-Bahmani
- Department of Psychology, Stanford University, Stanford, California
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Stanford University, Stanford, California
| | - Serge Brand
- Psychiatric Clinics of the University of Basel, Centre for Affective, Stress and Sleep Disorders, Basel, Switzerland
- Department of Sport and Health Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Basel, Sport Science Section, Basel, Switzerland
- Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Department of Psychiatry, Substance Abuse Prevention Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah, Iran
- Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Department of Psychiatry, Sleep Disorders Research Center, Kermanshah, Iran
- Tehran University of Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Tehran, Iran
- Center for Disaster Psychiatry and Disaster Psychology, Center of Competence of Disaster Medicine of the Swiss Armed Forces, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Gunther Meinlschmidt
- Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Methods and Approaches, Department of Psychology, Trier University, Trier, Germany
- Department of Digital and Blended Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, Psychosomatic Medicine, University Hospital Basel and University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Marion Tegethoff
- Institute of Psychology, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Jennifer Kurath
- Psychiatric Clinics of the University of Basel, Centre for Affective, Stress and Sleep Disorders, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Nicole Bürki
- Department for Gynecology and Obstetrics, Hospital of Baselland, Liestal, Switzerland
- Clinic for Gynecology and Obstetrics, Hospital of the University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Irene Hösli
- Clinic for Gynecology and Obstetrics, Hospital of the University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Thorsten Mikoteit
- Psychiatric Clinics of the University of Basel, Centre for Affective, Stress and Sleep Disorders, Basel, Switzerland
- Psychiatric Services of Solothurn and University of Basel, Solothurn, Switzerland
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Lin T, Zhu L, Dai Y, Zhang Z, Li D, Yang X. Causal associations between vitamin D and postpartum depression: A bidirectional mendelian randomization study. Heliyon 2024; 10:e33349. [PMID: 39027503 PMCID: PMC11255668 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e33349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2024] [Revised: 06/16/2024] [Accepted: 06/19/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Previous epidemiological studies have reported associations between vitamin D and postpartum depression (PPD); however, the findings are inconsistent. This study employs bidirectional Mendelian Randomization (MR) to investigate the causal link between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] levels and PPD. By utilizing genetic data from cohorts, this research aims to provide a more robust understanding of the potential relationship between vitamin D and PPD, addressing a critical gap in the current literature. Methods A bidirectional MR analysis was conducted to investigate the genetic association between serum 25(OH)D and PPD using summary statistics extracted from GWAS datasets. The study included data from 15,668 patients with PPD and 376,755 healthy controls of European ancestry. The GWAS data for 25(OH)D were obtained from two studies within the UK Biobank, encompassing 496,946 and 79,366 participants. The primary analysis employed the inverse-variance weighted (IVW) method, while supplementary MR estimates were derived through the MR-Egger and weighted median (WME) methods. Furthermore, sensitivity analyses were implemented to ensure robustness and reliability, including Cochran's Q test, MR-PRESSO, MR-Egger intercept test, and the leave-one-out test. Results The MR study revealed no substantial genetic correlation between serum 25(OH)D levels and PPD (OR = 1.065, 95%CI = 0.878-1.293, P = 0.522 for set A; OR = 0.978, 95 % CI = 0.669-1.430, P = 0.910 for set B). Additionally, in the reverse analysis, we did not observe a significant causal impact of PPD on serum 25(OH)D (OR = 1.001, 95%CI = 0.974-1.028, P = 0.951 for set A; OR = 1.011, 95%CI = 0.992-1.031, P = 0.261 for set B). The results obtained from MR-Egger and WME analyses concord with those derived from the IVW method. Conducting leave-one-out tests did not identify any single nucleotide polymorphism that might have influenced the MR results, confirming the robustness and reliability of the findings. Conclusions The results suggest the absence of a causal link between vitamin D concentrations and PPD. Inconsistent observations in previous observational studies may be attributed to residual confounding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tongtong Lin
- Department of Reproductive Endocrinology, Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Linling Zhu
- Department of Reproductive Endocrinology, Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, PR China
- Department of Gynecology, Hangzhou Women's Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Yifei Dai
- Department of Gynecology, Hangzhou Women's Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Zhiyin Zhang
- Department of Gynecology, Hangzhou Women's Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Dingheng Li
- Department of Gynecology, Hangzhou Women's Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Xinyun Yang
- Department of Reproductive Endocrinology, Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, PR China
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Rodrigues ACC, Moreira CVDL, Prado CC, Silva LSB, Costa RF, Arikawe AP, Pedrino GR, Costa EA, Silva ON, Napolitano HB, Oliveira-Silva I, Fajemiroye JO. A comparative analysis of depressive-like behavior: Exploring sex-related differences and insights. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0294904. [PMID: 38019810 PMCID: PMC10686438 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0294904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Profiling the variability related to the estrous cycle is essential for assessing depressive-like behavior and screening drugs. This study compares circulating plasma corticosterone levels [CORT] and behavioral alterations in mice exposed to sucrose preference, forced swimming, and tail suspension tests (SPT, FST, and TST, respectively). While SPT exposure did not significantly alter [CORT], FST and TST showed notable changes. Mice in the TST exhibited increased movement and decreased immobility time compared to FST, suggesting a lower likelihood of depressive-like behavior in male mice. Notably, during the proestrus phase, female mice displayed the highest tendency for depressive-like behavior and elevated [CORT], but similar response to antidepressants (imipramine and fluoxetine). The inherent stress of the FST and TST tasks appears to influence [CORT] as well as depressant and antidepressant effects. These comparisons provide valuable insights for further behavioral phenotyping, model sensitivity assessment, and deepen our neurobiological understanding of depression in the context of drug screening.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Camila Carlos Prado
- Graduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Campus Arthur Wesley Archibald, Evangelical University of Goiás, Anápolis, Brazil
| | | | - Rafael Fernandes Costa
- Graduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Campus Arthur Wesley Archibald, Evangelical University of Goiás, Anápolis, Brazil
| | - Adesina Paul Arikawe
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Idi-Araba, Lagos, Nigeria
| | | | - Elson Alves Costa
- Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Osmar Nascimento Silva
- Graduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Campus Arthur Wesley Archibald, Evangelical University of Goiás, Anápolis, Brazil
| | - Hamilton Barbosa Napolitano
- Graduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Campus Arthur Wesley Archibald, Evangelical University of Goiás, Anápolis, Brazil
- Grupo de Química Teórica e Estrutural de Anápolis, Universidade Estadual de Goiás, Anápolis, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Iranse Oliveira-Silva
- Graduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Campus Arthur Wesley Archibald, Evangelical University of Goiás, Anápolis, Brazil
| | - James Oluwagbamigbe Fajemiroye
- Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Campus Arthur Wesley Archibald, Evangelical University of Goiás, Anápolis, Brazil
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Papadopoulou SK, Pavlidou E, Dakanalis A, Antasouras G, Vorvolakos T, Mentzelou M, Serdari A, Pandi AL, Spanoudaki M, Alexatou O, Aggelakou EP, Giaginis C. Postpartum Depression Is Associated with Maternal Sociodemographic and Anthropometric Characteristics, Perinatal Outcomes, Breastfeeding Practices, and Mediterranean Diet Adherence. Nutrients 2023; 15:3853. [PMID: 37686885 PMCID: PMC10490519 DOI: 10.3390/nu15173853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Revised: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/02/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Postpartum depression, with a prevalence ranging between 14% and 25% worldwide, has been considered an urgent health concern that negatively affects both mothers' and their infants' health. Postpartum depression may negatively affect maternal sociodemographic and anthropometric parameters and lifestyle factors. Nutrition has recently been identified as a crucial factor for the management and co-treatment of postpartum depression. This survey aims to determine the possible association of postpartum depression with mothers' socio-demographic and anthropometric characteristics, perinatal outcomes, breastfeeding practices, and Mediterranean diet (MD) adherence. METHODS This is a cross-sectional survey, which was performed on 3941 women during the postpartum period. Postpartum depression was assessed by the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS). Anthropometric parameters and perinatal outcomes were retrieved from mothers' medical records. Sociodemographic data and breastfeeding practices were recorded by face-to-face interviews between enrolled mothers and trained personnel. Mediterranean diet adherence was assessed by MedDietScore. Both univariate and multivariate binary logistic regression were applied for analyzing our data. RESULTS Postpartum depression was significantly associated with lower educational level, Greek nationality, higher prevalence of multiparity and overweight/obesity postpartum, higher incidence of caesarean section and not breastfeeding, and lower levels of MD adherence. In multivariate analysis, postpartum depression was independently associated with mothers' educational level, postpartum BMI status, type of delivery, breastfeeding practices, and MD adherence after adjusting for multiple confounding factors. CONCLUSIONS This study has provided evidence that elevated MD compliance was related to a decreased risk of postpartum depression. Additionally, postpartum depression was associated with multiple sociodemographic and anthropometric parameters, perinatal outcomes, and breastfeeding practices. Future well-designed, prospective studies with high-quality methodology should be performed to obtain conclusive results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sousana K. Papadopoulou
- Department of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, School of Health Sciences, International Hellenic University, 57400 Thessaloniki, Greece;
| | - Eleni Pavlidou
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, School of the Environment, University of the Aegean, 81400 Myrina, Lemnos, Greece; (E.P.); (G.A.); (M.M.); (A.-L.P.); (O.A.); (E.-P.A.); (C.G.)
| | - Antonios Dakanalis
- Department of Mental Health, Fondazione IRCCS San Gerardo dei Tintori, 20900 Monza, Italy;
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20900 Monza, Italy
| | - Georgios Antasouras
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, School of the Environment, University of the Aegean, 81400 Myrina, Lemnos, Greece; (E.P.); (G.A.); (M.M.); (A.-L.P.); (O.A.); (E.-P.A.); (C.G.)
| | - Theofanis Vorvolakos
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Health Sciences, University General Hospital of Alexandroupolis, Democritus University of Thrace, 68100 Alexandroupolis, Greece;
| | - Maria Mentzelou
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, School of the Environment, University of the Aegean, 81400 Myrina, Lemnos, Greece; (E.P.); (G.A.); (M.M.); (A.-L.P.); (O.A.); (E.-P.A.); (C.G.)
| | - Aspasia Serdari
- Department of Psychiatry and Child Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Democritus University of Thrace, 68100 Alexandroupolis, Greece;
| | - Aimilia-Lynn Pandi
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, School of the Environment, University of the Aegean, 81400 Myrina, Lemnos, Greece; (E.P.); (G.A.); (M.M.); (A.-L.P.); (O.A.); (E.-P.A.); (C.G.)
| | - Maria Spanoudaki
- Department of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, School of Health Sciences, International Hellenic University, 57400 Thessaloniki, Greece;
| | - Olga Alexatou
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, School of the Environment, University of the Aegean, 81400 Myrina, Lemnos, Greece; (E.P.); (G.A.); (M.M.); (A.-L.P.); (O.A.); (E.-P.A.); (C.G.)
| | - Exakousti-Petroula Aggelakou
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, School of the Environment, University of the Aegean, 81400 Myrina, Lemnos, Greece; (E.P.); (G.A.); (M.M.); (A.-L.P.); (O.A.); (E.-P.A.); (C.G.)
| | - Constantinos Giaginis
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, School of the Environment, University of the Aegean, 81400 Myrina, Lemnos, Greece; (E.P.); (G.A.); (M.M.); (A.-L.P.); (O.A.); (E.-P.A.); (C.G.)
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