Indoor Positioning Systems: A Blessing for Seamless Object Identification, Monitoring, and Tracking

A comprehensive algorithm for vertical positioning in multi-building environments as an advancement in indoor floor-level detection

The proliferation of smartphones has catalyzed diverse services, mainly focusing on indoor localization to determine users' and devices' positions within buildings. Despite decades of exploration, the seamless integration of wireless technologies in tracking devices and users has become pivotal in various sectors, including health, industry, disaster management, building operations, and surveillance. Extensive research in laboratory and industrial settings, particularly in wireless sensor networks and robotics, has informed indoor localization techniques. This paper, referencing surveys and original literature reviews, proposes an innovative indoor location system amalgamating GPS and barometer readings. GPS identifies entry through doors, while barometer readings facilitate accurate floor-level tracking. The integration promises continuous real-time location updates, enhancing security, navigation, and emergency response. Notably, the algorithm is infrastructure-independent, relying on the smartphone's barometer, and versatile, detecting elevator travel when Wi-Fi AP or LTE signals are available. Results indicate high accuracy, with building entry exceeding 93%, elevator recognition achieving 75% sensitivity and 97% specificity, and floor change detection surpassing 95% sensitivity and nearly 98% specificity (which translates to nearly 97% accuracy). This comprehensive solution, emphasizing the critical role of precise vertical positioning, signifies an advancement in tracking within urban structures.

Research and Implementation of Indoor 3D Positioning Algorithm Based on LED Visible Light Communication and Corresponding Parameter Estimation

In the era of mobile Internet, the application of various positioning-based location service systems is becoming more and more common. In addition, the traditional radio positioning system is limited in the use of special environments such as mines, hospitals, and gas stations, and long-term electromagnetic radiation can cause potential damage to the human body. Compared with the traditional wireless positioning technology, VLC-based positioning technology has a good application prospect in the field of indoor wireless positioning. Compared with traditional radio positioning technology, the use of VLC technology to achieve indoor positioning is different in that the system design and layout need to consider the basic needs of indoor lighting; that is, the layout of multiple visible light sources in the room should meet the minimum illumination requirements of any area of the room. Since the layout structure of the light source that only considers the lighting requirements or only considers the positioning accuracy requirements is not the same, in the design process of the indoor visible light wireless positioning system, it is necessary to consider the overall optimization layout of multiple indoor visible light sources under the conditions of lighting and positioning constraints. This paper mainly optimizes indoor positioning from the aspects of light source layout, reflected light intensity distribution, and noise model.