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Narayanan A, Cavadino A, Fisher JP, Khashram M. The effect of music on the operating surgeon: a pilot randomized crossover trial (the MOSART study). ANZ J Surg 2024; 94:299-308. [PMID: 38263368 DOI: 10.1111/ans.18877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Revised: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 01/25/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The experience of stress is common among surgeons while working in the operating theatre (OT). Understanding and finding ways to mitigate this stress is important for optimizing surgical quality and maintaining clinician wellbeing. In this pilot study, we tested the feasibility and reported the outcomes of measuring the effect of background music on intra-operative surgeon stress in the clinical environment. METHODS The effect of Music on the Operating Surgeon: A pilot Randomized crossover Trial (the MOSART study) was conducted over a 9-month period in a single-centre. Vascular and general surgeons acting as primary operators (POs) performing elective, general anaesthetic operations were included. The intervention was surgeon-selected music, and the control was the absence of music. Outcome measures were feasibility (recruitment rate, practicability, and completeness of data), heart rate variability (HRV) indices, the Six-Item State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI-6), and the Surgical Task-load Index (SURG-TLX). RESULTS Five POs performed 74 eligible randomized cases. The protocol was well tolerated, and no cases were abandoned. Data was incomplete in 8% of cases. The overall mean (SD) operative SURG-TLX score was 48 (±22). Mean HR increased and RMSSD decreased significantly from baseline, suggesting reduced parasympathetic activity while operating. The presence of intra-operative music was not found to affect the psychological or physiological outcomes. CONCLUSIONS A music interventional study of this nature is feasible in the operating theatre environment, though no difference was found between in the music and non-music conditions. Follow-up research in a simulated environment with intensive physiological monitoring could be considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anantha Narayanan
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
- Department of Vascular Surgery and Endovascular Surgery, Waikato Hospital, Hamilton, New Zealand
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
- Department of Surgery, Wellington Hospital, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Alana Cavadino
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - James P Fisher
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Manar Khashram
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
- Department of Vascular Surgery and Endovascular Surgery, Waikato Hospital, Hamilton, New Zealand
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Menke V, Hansen O, Schmidt J, Dechantsreiter G, Staib L, Davliatov M, Schilcher F, Hübner B, Bianco F, Kastelan Z, Kulis T, Hudolin T, Penezic L, Zekulic T, Andelic J, Juric I, Puda I, Siaulys R, Venckus R, Jasenus M, Eismontas V, Samalavicius NE. The stress for surgeons: exploring stress entities with the robotic senhance surgical system. J Robot Surg 2024; 18:94. [PMID: 38413542 DOI: 10.1007/s11701-024-01853-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/28/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024]
Abstract
Robotic surgery is on its way to revolutionizing traditional surgical procedures, offering precise and minimally invasive techniques hypothesized to shorten recovery times and improve patient outcomes. While there have been multiple publications on robotic systems' medical and procedural achievements, more emphasis should be put on the surgeon's experience, especially in comparison with laparoscopic surgery. The present report aims to systematically examine the stress impact on surgeons by comparing the robotic Senhance Surgical System (Asensus Surgical, Durham, North Carolina, U.S.A) to laparoscopic surgery. The well-established "SURG-TLX" survey is used to measure distinct stress entities. The "SURG-TLX" survey is a modified version of the NASA-TLX, validated for surgery by M. Willson. Based on a comprehensive database from six centers encompassing various disciplines and surgical procedures, our analysis indicates significantly reduced "overall stress" levels for robotic (cockpit) compared to laparoscopic surgeons. Exploring the "SURG-TLX" stress dimensions further between methods (robotic vs. laparoscopic) and surgeon position (laparoscopic, (robotic) bedside, or (robotic) cockpit) resulted in significantly more Mental (p.value < 0.015), less Physical Demands (p.value < 0.001) and less Distraction (p.value < 0.009) for robotic surgery, especially regarding the robotic cockpit surgeons. This finding suggests that robotic surgery with the Senhance Surgical System contributes to a favorable stress profile for surgeons, potentially enhancing their overall well-being and performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivianda Menke
- Department of Surgery, Evangelisches Hospital Wesel, Wesel, Germany.
| | - Olaf Hansen
- Department of Surgery, Evangelisches Hospital Wesel, Wesel, Germany
| | - Johannes Schmidt
- Department of Surgery, Hospital Landshut-Achdorf, Landshut, Germany
| | | | - Ludger Staib
- Department of General and Visceral Surgery, Hospital Esslingen, Esslingen, Germany
| | - Mukhammad Davliatov
- Department of General and Visceral Surgery, Hospital Esslingen, Esslingen, Germany
| | - Florian Schilcher
- Department of General and Visceral Surgery, Hospital Esslingen, Esslingen, Germany
| | - Bodo Hübner
- Department of General and Visceral Surgery, Hospital Esslingen, Esslingen, Germany
| | - Francesco Bianco
- Department of Surgery, General, Minimally Invasive & Robotic Surgery, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Zeljko Kastelan
- Department of Urology, University Hospital Center, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Tomislav Kulis
- Department of Urology, University Hospital Center, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Tvrtko Hudolin
- Department of Urology, University Hospital Center, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Luka Penezic
- Department of Urology, University Hospital Center, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Toni Zekulic
- Department of Urology, University Hospital Center, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Jerko Andelic
- Department of Urology, University Hospital Center, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Ilija Juric
- Department of Urology, University Hospital Center, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Ivan Puda
- Department of Urology, University Hospital Center, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Raimondas Siaulys
- Department of Surgery, Urology and Gynaecology, Klaipeda University Hospital, Klaipeda, Lithuania
| | - Raimundas Venckus
- Department of Surgery, Urology and Gynaecology, Klaipeda University Hospital, Klaipeda, Lithuania
| | - Marius Jasenus
- Department of Surgery, Urology and Gynaecology, Klaipeda University Hospital, Klaipeda, Lithuania
| | - Vitalijus Eismontas
- Department of Surgery, Urology and Gynaecology, Klaipeda University Hospital, Klaipeda, Lithuania
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