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Yuan X, Yao X, Zeng Y, Wang J, Ren W, Wang T, Li X, Yang L, Yang X, Meng J. The Impact of the Competition on miRNA, Proteins, and Metabolites in the Blood Exosomes of the Yili Horse. Genes (Basel) 2025; 16:224. [PMID: 40004554 PMCID: PMC11855450 DOI: 10.3390/genes16020224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2025] [Revised: 02/10/2025] [Accepted: 02/11/2025] [Indexed: 02/27/2025] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Horse racing may cause stress-induced physiological changes and tissue damage in horses, but the changes in miRNA expression, protein expression, and metabolic substances in the plasma exosomes of the Yili horse after racing are still unclear. This study detected miRNA, protein expression, and metabolic substances in the plasma exosomes of Yili horses before and after competition, providing new insights for post-race recovery and care of Yili horses. METHOD Eight three-year-old Yili horses that had undergone training were selected as the research subjects, with four horses that had not competed as the control group and four horses that had participated in the competition for half an hour as the training group. Extract whole blood and separate plasma from two groups of horses, and then extract plasma exosomes; MiRNAs, proteins, and metabolites in extracellular vesicles were detected and analyzed using miRNAomics, proteomics, and metabolomics. P Result: After the competition, the levels of miRNAs related to the cytoplasm and nucleus in Yili horse plasma exosomes increased, and miRNAs related to the transcription and transcriptional regulation of biological processes significantly increased. The levels of proteins related to the cytoplasm and nucleus also increased, and the levels of proteins related to cell signaling function increased, carbohydrates and their metabolites were significantly reduced. CONCLUSIONS The competition process causes significant changes in the miRNA, proteomics, and metabolomics of plasma exosomes in the Yili horses, which are mainly related to metabolic regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinxin Yuan
- College of Animal Science, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052, China; (X.Y.); (X.Y.); (Y.Z.); (J.W.); (W.R.); (T.W.); (X.L.); (L.Y.); (X.Y.)
| | - Xinkui Yao
- College of Animal Science, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052, China; (X.Y.); (X.Y.); (Y.Z.); (J.W.); (W.R.); (T.W.); (X.L.); (L.Y.); (X.Y.)
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Equine Breeding and Exercise Physiology, Urumqi 830052, China
| | - Yaqi Zeng
- College of Animal Science, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052, China; (X.Y.); (X.Y.); (Y.Z.); (J.W.); (W.R.); (T.W.); (X.L.); (L.Y.); (X.Y.)
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Equine Breeding and Exercise Physiology, Urumqi 830052, China
| | - Jianwen Wang
- College of Animal Science, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052, China; (X.Y.); (X.Y.); (Y.Z.); (J.W.); (W.R.); (T.W.); (X.L.); (L.Y.); (X.Y.)
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Equine Breeding and Exercise Physiology, Urumqi 830052, China
| | - Wanlu Ren
- College of Animal Science, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052, China; (X.Y.); (X.Y.); (Y.Z.); (J.W.); (W.R.); (T.W.); (X.L.); (L.Y.); (X.Y.)
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Equine Breeding and Exercise Physiology, Urumqi 830052, China
| | - Tongliang Wang
- College of Animal Science, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052, China; (X.Y.); (X.Y.); (Y.Z.); (J.W.); (W.R.); (T.W.); (X.L.); (L.Y.); (X.Y.)
| | - Xueyan Li
- College of Animal Science, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052, China; (X.Y.); (X.Y.); (Y.Z.); (J.W.); (W.R.); (T.W.); (X.L.); (L.Y.); (X.Y.)
| | - Lipin Yang
- College of Animal Science, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052, China; (X.Y.); (X.Y.); (Y.Z.); (J.W.); (W.R.); (T.W.); (X.L.); (L.Y.); (X.Y.)
| | - Xixi Yang
- College of Animal Science, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052, China; (X.Y.); (X.Y.); (Y.Z.); (J.W.); (W.R.); (T.W.); (X.L.); (L.Y.); (X.Y.)
| | - Jun Meng
- College of Animal Science, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052, China; (X.Y.); (X.Y.); (Y.Z.); (J.W.); (W.R.); (T.W.); (X.L.); (L.Y.); (X.Y.)
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Equine Breeding and Exercise Physiology, Urumqi 830052, China
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Zhou Y, Bai F, Xiao R, Chen M, Sun Y, Ye J. Proteomics and Its Combined Analysis with Transcriptomics: Liver Fat-Lowering Effect of Taurine in High-Fat Fed Grouper ( Epinephelus coioides). Animals (Basel) 2024; 14:2039. [PMID: 39061501 PMCID: PMC11274106 DOI: 10.3390/ani14142039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2024] [Revised: 07/09/2024] [Accepted: 07/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
In order to understand the intervention effect of taurine on liver fat deposition induced by high fat intake in the orange-spotted grouper (Epinephelus coioides), we performed proteomic analysis and association analysis with previously obtained transcriptomic data. Three isoproteic (47% crude protein) diets were designed to contain two levels of fat and were named as the 10% fat diet (10F), 15% fat diet (15F), and 15% fat with 1% taurine (15FT). The 10F diet was used as the control diet. After 8 weeks of feeding, the 15F diet exhibited comparable weight gain, feed conversion ratio, and hepatosomatic index as the 10F diet, but the former increased liver fat content vs. the latter. Feeding with the 15FT diet resulted in an improvement in weight gain and a reduction in feed conversion ratio, hepatosomatic index, and liver fat content compared with feeding the 15F diet. When comparing liver proteomic data between the 15F and 15FT groups, a total of 133 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) were identified, of which 51 were upregulated DEPs and 82 were downregulated DEPs. Among these DEPs, cholesterol 27-hydroxylase, phosphatidate phosphatase LPIN, phosphatidylinositol phospholipase C, and 6-phosphofructo-2-kinase were further screened out and were involved in primary bile acid biosynthesis, glycerolipid metabolism, the phosphatidylinositol signaling system, and the AMPK signaling pathway as key DEPs in terms of alleviating liver fat deposition of taurine in high-fat fed fish. With the association analysis of transcriptomic and proteomic data through KEGG, three differentially expressed genes (atp1a, arf1_2, and plcd) and four DEPs (CYP27α1, LPIN, PLCD, and PTK2B) were co-enriched into five pathways related to fat metabolism including primary bile acid synthesis, bile secretion, glycerolipid metabolism, phospholipid D signaling, or/and phosphatidylinositol signaling. The results showed that dietary taurine intervention could trigger activation of bile acid biosynthesis and inhibition of triglyceride biosynthesis, thereby mediating the liver fat-lowering effects in high-fat fed orange-spotted grouper. The present study contributes some novel insight into the liver fat-lowering effects of dietary taurine in high-fat fed groupers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Jidan Ye
- Xiamen Key Laboratory for Feed Quality Testing and Safety Evaluation, Fisheries College of Jimei University, Xiamen 361021, China; (Y.Z.); (F.B.); (R.X.); (M.C.); (Y.S.)
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Zhai Y, Xia F, Shi L, Ma W, Lv X, Sun W, Ji P, Gao S, Machaty Z, Liu G, Zhang L. Early Pregnancy Markers in the Serum of Ewes Identified via Proteomic and Metabolomic Analyses. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:14054. [PMID: 37762358 PMCID: PMC10530974 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241814054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Revised: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The diagnosis of ewes' pregnancy status at an early stage is an efficient way to enhance the reproductive output of sheep and allow producers to optimize production and management. The techniques of proteomics and metabolomics have been widely used to detect regulatory factors in various physiological processes of animals. The aim of this study is to explore the differential metabolites and proteins in the serum of pregnant and non-pregnant ewes by proteomics and metabolomics. The serum of ewes at 21, 28 and 33 days after artificial insemination (AI) were collected. The pregnancy stratus of the ewes was finally determined through ultrasound examination and then the ewes were grouped as Pregnant (n = 21) or N on-pregnant (n = 9). First, the serum samples from pregnant or non-pregnant ewes at 21 days after AI were selected for metabolomic analysis. It was found that the level of nine metabolites were upregulated and 20 metabolites were downregulated in the pregnant animals (p < 0.05). None of these differential metabolomes are suitable as markers of pregnancy due to their small foldchange. Next, the proteomes of serum from pregnant or non-pregnant ewes were evaluated. At 21 days after AI, the presence of 321 proteins were detected, and we found that the level of three proteins were upregulated and 11 proteins were downregulated in the serum of pregnant ewes (p < 0.05). The levels of serum amyloid A (SAA), afamin (AFM), serpin family A member 6 (SERPINA6) and immunoglobulin-like domain-containing protein between pregnant and non-pregnant ewes at 21-, 28- and 33-days post-AI were also analyzed via enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The levels of SAA and AFM were significantly higher in pregnant ewes than in non-pregnant ewes, and could be used as markers for early pregnancy detection. Overall, our results show that SAA and AFM are potential biomarkers to determine the early pregnancy status of ewes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaying Zhai
- State Key Laboratory of Farm Animal Biotech Breeding, National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (Y.Z.); (F.X.); (L.S.); (W.M.); (P.J.); (S.G.); (G.L.)
- Frontiers Science Center for Molecular Design Breeding, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Fan Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Farm Animal Biotech Breeding, National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (Y.Z.); (F.X.); (L.S.); (W.M.); (P.J.); (S.G.); (G.L.)
- Frontiers Science Center for Molecular Design Breeding, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Luting Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Farm Animal Biotech Breeding, National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (Y.Z.); (F.X.); (L.S.); (W.M.); (P.J.); (S.G.); (G.L.)
- Frontiers Science Center for Molecular Design Breeding, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Wenkui Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Farm Animal Biotech Breeding, National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (Y.Z.); (F.X.); (L.S.); (W.M.); (P.J.); (S.G.); (G.L.)
| | - Xiaoyang Lv
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (X.L.); (W.S.)
- International Joint Research Laboratory in Universities of Jiangsu Province of China for Domestic Animal Germplasm Resources and Genetic Improvement, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Wei Sun
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (X.L.); (W.S.)
- International Joint Research Laboratory in Universities of Jiangsu Province of China for Domestic Animal Germplasm Resources and Genetic Improvement, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Pengyun Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Farm Animal Biotech Breeding, National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (Y.Z.); (F.X.); (L.S.); (W.M.); (P.J.); (S.G.); (G.L.)
| | - Shuai Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Farm Animal Biotech Breeding, National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (Y.Z.); (F.X.); (L.S.); (W.M.); (P.J.); (S.G.); (G.L.)
| | - Zoltan Machaty
- Department of Animal Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA;
| | - Guoshi Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Farm Animal Biotech Breeding, National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (Y.Z.); (F.X.); (L.S.); (W.M.); (P.J.); (S.G.); (G.L.)
| | - Lu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Farm Animal Biotech Breeding, National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (Y.Z.); (F.X.); (L.S.); (W.M.); (P.J.); (S.G.); (G.L.)
- Frontiers Science Center for Molecular Design Breeding, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
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Li J, Zhao Y, Mi J, Yi Z, Holyoak GR, Wu R, Wang Z, Zhu Y, Zeng S. Comparative Proteome Analysis of Serum Uncovers Differential Expression of Proteins in Donkeys (Equus Asinus) With Endometritis Caused by Escherichia Coli. J Equine Vet Sci 2023; 122:104221. [PMID: 36623579 DOI: 10.1016/j.jevs.2023.104221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2022] [Revised: 12/03/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Endometritis is a common disease in donkeys that causes economic losses to donkey farms and the common cause is bacterial infection. Uterine flush fluid proteomics has been used to study protein biomarkers associated with endometritis in mares. As a convenient diagnostic tool, serum proteomics has not been studied yet in equine species with endometritis. This study is aiming to evaluate the serum proteomics in jennies with and without endometritis and identify potential proteins as biomarker for endometritis diagnosis. Nine donkeys recruited into this study were diagnosed of bacterial (Escherichia coli) endometritis and nine healthy jennies were selected as control. Blood samples of each donkey was collected, and serum was separated from each sample. Peptides samples extracted from the serum were analyzed using nano-ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry in data-independent acquisition mode. Protein identification and quantification were performed followed by differential and functional analysis. Of 579 proteins identified in all jennies, 12 proteins were exclusively identified in jennies with endometritis (group E) including myeloperoxidase and Ras-related protein Rab-1B, which might be associated with bacterial infection. There were 11 differentially expressed proteins detected between the two groups of jennies with 4 downregulated proteins and 7 upregulated proteins in jennies with endometritis. Some upregulated proteins along with the GO and KEGG annotation indicated inflammatory response against uterine infection. Characteristic serum proteins identified in jennies with endometritis were associated with inflammation or bacterial infection. These proteins might be potential biomarkers for endometritis diagnosis in jennies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Li
- Equine Clinical Diagnostic Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China; National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding of the Ministry of Agriculture, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Yufei Zhao
- Equine Clinical Diagnostic Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Junpeng Mi
- School of Veterinary Science, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Ziwen Yi
- Equine Clinical Diagnostic Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Gibert Reed Holyoak
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, USA
| | - Rongzheng Wu
- Equine Clinical Diagnostic Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Zixuan Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, USA
| | - Yiping Zhu
- Equine Clinical Diagnostic Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Shenming Zeng
- National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding of the Ministry of Agriculture, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China.
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Deng L, Li Z, Tang C, Han Y, Zhang L, Liao Q. Quantitative analysis of the serum proteome during early pregnancy in mares. Anim Sci J 2022; 93:e13727. [PMID: 35476278 DOI: 10.1111/asj.13727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2021] [Revised: 02/02/2022] [Accepted: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Equine pregnancy is currently diagnosed by rectal palpation, ultrasonographic examination, or by measuring changes in hormones in the blood. In the present study, we identified proteins that are differentially expressed in the sera of early pregnant and non-pregnant mares in order to develop a novel method for diagnosing equine pregnancy. Serum samples were obtained from 18 adult mares, pregnancy at day 32 after ovulation (n = 9) and in diestrus (n = 9). Proteomic analysis of the samples was conducted using liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry. We identified 467 proteins from a total of 3514 peptides. Thirty-two proteins (15 upregulated and 17 downregulated) were significantly differentially expressed between the two groups. The Gene Ontology enrichment analysis revealed that they are related to extracellular matrix assembly, blood coagulation, and hemostasis, and the prominent molecular functions were integrin binding, cell adhesion molecule binding, and glycine C-acetyltransferase activity. The pathway analysis of Kyoto Encyclopaedia of Genes and Genomes showed that the top three pathways identified were glycine, serine, and threonine metabolism; cysteine and methionine metabolism; and ether lipid metabolism. The selected five serum proteins were newly potential candidates for pregnancy diagnosis in mares.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Deng
- Department of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Zheng Li
- Department of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Chi Tang
- Department of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China.,Key Laboratory of Protection and Utilization of Biological Resources in Tarim Basin, College of Life Sciences, Tarim University, Alar, China
| | - Yuwei Han
- Department of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Linxi Zhang
- Department of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Qingchao Liao
- Department of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
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