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Alves-Pimenta S, Soares S, Colaço B, Ginja M. Effect Of Elbow Angle And Weight-Bearing On The Evaluation Of Joint Congruence In Dogs. Anat Rec (Hoboken) 2022; 305:3398-3409. [PMID: 35438239 DOI: 10.1002/ar.24937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2022] [Revised: 03/20/2022] [Accepted: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Joint congruence is relevant for the assessment of elbow dysplasia, a development disorder in dogs. However, quantification of its variation with joint angle and weight bearing, important factors in quadrupedal locomotion, is lacking. Our objective was to estimate those effects on the alignment of humeroradioulnar joint surfaces. The usual protocol for screening elbow dysplasia, including mediolateral extended and flexed elbow views, was preceded by a weight-bearing lateromedial standing radiographic view, without sedation. Minimum distances were measured at established points of the humeroradioulnar joints classified with a grade zero of dysplasia. Sixty elbows (30 Portuguese Pointer dogs) were studied. The joint space between the anconeal process and the ulnar trochlear notch increased with flexion, decreasing with weight bearing (P<0.001). The distance between the humeral trochlea and the trochlear notch at the widest point, increased with weight bearing, while it decreased with flexion. Step and distance between the radial head and the base of the medial coronoid process increased with flexion and decreased with weight bearing. At this point, physiological changes occurred at the humeroulnar joint space. The methodology allowed to quantify the variations on joint spaces with the elbow angle and weight bearing, important for the interpretation of congruence in diagnosis and treatment of dysplasia. Reference absolute and indexed values obtained allow future comparisons with other breeds and dysplastic dogs. Physiological variations denoted that radioulnar joint became more incongruent under flexion, and more congruent under weight bearing, while humeroulnar joint became more congruent under flexion, and more incongruent under weight bearing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofia Alves-Pimenta
- Department of Animal Science, Universidade de Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, Vila Real, Portugal.,CECAV - Veterinary and Animal Research Centre, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, Vila Real, Portugal.,Associate Laboratory for Animal and Veterinary Sciences (AL4AnimalS), Portugal.,CITAB - Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences, Universidade de Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Sofia Soares
- Department of Veterinary Science, Universidade de Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Bruno Colaço
- Department of Animal Science, Universidade de Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, Vila Real, Portugal.,CECAV - Veterinary and Animal Research Centre, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, Vila Real, Portugal.,Associate Laboratory for Animal and Veterinary Sciences (AL4AnimalS), Portugal.,CITAB - Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences, Universidade de Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Mário Ginja
- Department of Veterinary Science, Universidade de Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, Vila Real, Portugal.,CECAV - Veterinary and Animal Research Centre, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, Vila Real, Portugal.,Associate Laboratory for Animal and Veterinary Sciences (AL4AnimalS), Portugal.,CITAB - Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences, Universidade de Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, Vila Real, Portugal
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