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Ren C, Zhang X, Wei H, Wang S, Wang W, He L, Lu Y, Zhang K, Zhang Z, Wang G, Huang Y. Effect of Replacing Alfalfa Hay with Common Vetch Hay in Sheep Diets on Growth Performance, Rumen Fermentation and Rumen Microbiota. Animals (Basel) 2024; 14:2182. [PMID: 39123708 PMCID: PMC11310988 DOI: 10.3390/ani14152182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2024] [Revised: 07/23/2024] [Accepted: 07/24/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine whether the inclusion of 40% of common vetch (CV) hay as a feed ingredient in place of alfalfa hay (AH) would improve performance and ruminal fermentation and microbiota in fattening lambs. Twenty lambs were equally divided into two groups: control group (fed 40% AH with 20% rice straw) and CV group (fed 40% CV hay with 20% rice straw). Concerning hay quality, CV hay had greater in vitro digestibility of dry matter and neutral detergent fiber (p < 0.05) than AH. Lambs fed the CV diet had a higher average daily gain (ADG) and efficiency of feed and economy than lambs fed the control group. The NH3-N content and estimated methane produced per unit of ADG of the CV diet group were significantly lower (p < 0.05) than control group. Multiple differential microbial genera were identified, with Prevotella being the most dominant genus and a tendency towards higher (p = 0.095) in lambs offered CV diet. The higher Ruminococcus abundance (p < 0.05) was found in animals of the CV group compared to the control group. In summary, CV can be incorporated into lamb diets as a low-cost forage alternative to AH to improve feed efficiency and animal performance and to reduce methane produced per unit of ADG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunhuan Ren
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China; (C.R.); (X.Z.); (H.W.); (S.W.); (W.W.); (Y.L.); (K.Z.); (Z.Z.)
| | - Xiaoan Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China; (C.R.); (X.Z.); (H.W.); (S.W.); (W.W.); (Y.L.); (K.Z.); (Z.Z.)
- National Agricultural Green Development Long-Term Fixed Observation Yingshang Test Station, Fuyang 236200, China
- Center of Agriculture Technology Cooperation and Promotion of Dingyuan County, Chuzhou 233200, China
| | - Huiqing Wei
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China; (C.R.); (X.Z.); (H.W.); (S.W.); (W.W.); (Y.L.); (K.Z.); (Z.Z.)
| | - Sunze Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China; (C.R.); (X.Z.); (H.W.); (S.W.); (W.W.); (Y.L.); (K.Z.); (Z.Z.)
| | - Wenjie Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China; (C.R.); (X.Z.); (H.W.); (S.W.); (W.W.); (Y.L.); (K.Z.); (Z.Z.)
| | - Li He
- New Rural Development Research Institute, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China;
| | - Yuan Lu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China; (C.R.); (X.Z.); (H.W.); (S.W.); (W.W.); (Y.L.); (K.Z.); (Z.Z.)
| | - Kefan Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China; (C.R.); (X.Z.); (H.W.); (S.W.); (W.W.); (Y.L.); (K.Z.); (Z.Z.)
| | - Zijun Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China; (C.R.); (X.Z.); (H.W.); (S.W.); (W.W.); (Y.L.); (K.Z.); (Z.Z.)
- Center of Agriculture Technology Cooperation and Promotion of Dingyuan County, Chuzhou 233200, China
| | - Guanjun Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China; (C.R.); (X.Z.); (H.W.); (S.W.); (W.W.); (Y.L.); (K.Z.); (Z.Z.)
- National Agricultural Green Development Long-Term Fixed Observation Yingshang Test Station, Fuyang 236200, China
| | - Yafeng Huang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China; (C.R.); (X.Z.); (H.W.); (S.W.); (W.W.); (Y.L.); (K.Z.); (Z.Z.)
- Center of Agriculture Technology Cooperation and Promotion of Dingyuan County, Chuzhou 233200, China
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Cao X, Cai R, Zuo S, Niu D, Yang F, Xu C. Enhanced lignin degradation by Irpex lacteus through expanded sterilization further improved the fermentation quality and microbial community during the silage preservation process. BIORESOUR BIOPROCESS 2024; 11:14. [PMID: 38647879 PMCID: PMC10992542 DOI: 10.1186/s40643-024-00730-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Traditional autoclaving, slow degradation rate and preservation of biomass treated by fungi are the main factors restricting biological treatment. In our previous studies, strains with high efficiency and selective lignin degradation ability were obtained. To further solve the limiting factors of biological treatment, this paper proposed a composite treatment technology, which could replace autoclaves for fungal treatment and improve the preservation and utilization of fungal-pretreated straw. The autoclaved and expanded buckwheat straw were, respectively, degraded by Irpex lacteus for 14 days (CIL, EIL), followed by ensiling of raw materials (CK) and biodegraded straw of CIL and EIL samples with Lactobacillus plantarum for different days, respectively (CP, CIP, EIP). An expansion led to lactic acid bacteria, mold, and yeast of the samples below the detection line, and aerobic bacteria was significantly reduced, indicating a positive sterilization effect. Expansion before I. lacteus significantly enhanced lignin selective degradation by about 6%, and the absolute content of natural detergent solute was about 5% higher than that of the CIL. Moreover, EIL decreased pH by producing higher organic acids. The combination treatment created favorable conditions for ensiling. During ensiling, EIP silage produced high lactic acid about 26.83 g/kg DM and the highest acetic acid about 22.35 g/kg DM, and the pH value could be stable at 4.50. Expansion before I. lacteus optimized the microbial community for ensiling, resulting in EIP silage co-dominated by Lactobacillus, Pediococcus and Weissella, whereas only Lactobacillus was always dominant in CP and CIP silage. Clavispora gradually replaced Irpex in EIP silage, which potentially promoted lactic acid bacteria growth and acetic acid production. In vitro gas production (IVGP) in EIL was increased by 30% relative to CK and was higher than 24% in CIL. The role of expansion was more significant after ensiling, the IVGP in EIP was increased by 22% relative to CP, while that in CIP silage was only increased by 9%. Silage of fungal-treated samples reduced methane emissions by 28% to 31%. The study demonstrated that expansion provides advantages for fungal colonization and delignification, and further improves the microbial community and fermentation quality for silage, enhancing the nutrition and utilization value. This has practical application value for scaling up biological treatment and preserving the fungal-treated lignocellulose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohui Cao
- College of Engineering, China Agricultural University, (East Campus), 17 Qing-Hua-Dong-Lu, Haidian District, Beijing, 100083, People's Republic of China
| | - Rui Cai
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, Hubei Province, China
| | - Sasa Zuo
- College of Engineering, China Agricultural University, (East Campus), 17 Qing-Hua-Dong-Lu, Haidian District, Beijing, 100083, People's Republic of China
| | - Dongze Niu
- Changzhou Key Laboratory of Biomass Green, Safe and High Value Utilization Technology, Institute of Urban and Rural Mining, Changzhou University, Changzhou, 213164, China
| | - Fuyu Yang
- College of Grassland Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100093, People's Republic of China
| | - Chuncheng Xu
- College of Engineering, China Agricultural University, (East Campus), 17 Qing-Hua-Dong-Lu, Haidian District, Beijing, 100083, People's Republic of China.
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Effects of Replacing Alfalfa Hay with Oat Hay in Fermented Total Mixed Ration on Growth Performance and Rumen Microbiota in Lambs. FERMENTATION 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/fermentation9010009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The use of the fermented total mixed ration (FTMR) is a promising approach for the preservation of feedstuff, but the effect of FTMR on the between growth performance and ruminal microflora of lambs are still limited. This study aimed to assess the effects of different roughage types in the FTMR on growth performance and rumen microbiota of lambs. Forty-five six-month-old Small tail Han sheep × Ujumqin male lambs were randomly allocated into three groups (three pens per treatment and five lambs per pen) with the initial body weight (BW) of 28.50 ± 1.50 kg. The three treatments were as follows: the low oat percentages group (LO) contained 200 g/kg oat hay + 400 g/kg alfalfa hay, the medium oat percentages group (MO) contained 300 g/kg oat hay + 300 g/kg alfalfa hay, and the high oat percentages group (HO) contained 400 g/kg oat hay + 200 g/kg alfalfa hay. The result revealed that the dry matter intake and average daily gain were markedly (p < 0.05) higher in the MO treatment than in the LO and HO treatments, whereas no significant difference (p > 0.05) was found in the final body weight. There were no significant (p > 0.05) differences on the Shannon and Simpson index among the three treatments. The PCoA score plot illustrated the individual separation in the LO, MO, and HO treatments. At the phylum level, the presence of Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes belonging to the dominant phyla is widely described in rumen communities among the three treatments. The relative abundances of Prevotella, Fibrobacter, and Succinivibrio in the level of the genes were remarkably higher (p < 0.05) in MO treatment than that in LO and HO treatments, while the relative abundance of Sediminispirochaeta was remarkably higher (p < 0.05) in LO treatment than that in MO and HO treatments. These results indicated that the MO treatments could more effectively improve growth performance than the LO and HO treatments, and also revealed that the different forage types in diets reshaped the compositions and function of the rumen microbiota. Consequently, the findings presented in this study provide a reference for the application of FTMR in animal production and the understanding of the interaction between diet, animal performance, and ruminal microbiota.
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