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Hernández-Giottonini K, Arellano-Reynoso B, Rodríguez-Córdova RJ, de la Vega-Olivas J, Díaz-Aparicio E, Lucero-Acuña A. Enhancing Therapeutic Efficacy against Brucella canis Infection in a Murine Model Using Rifampicin-Loaded PLGA Nanoparticles. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:49362-49371. [PMID: 38162745 PMCID: PMC10753543 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c07892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Revised: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
The in vivo efficacy of rifampicin encapsulated in poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) nanoparticles was evaluated for the treatment of BALB/c mice experimentally infected with Brucella canis. The PLGA nanoparticles loaded with rifampicin (RNP) were prepared using the single emulsification-solvent evaporation technique, resulting in nanoparticles with a hydrodynamic diameter of 138 ± 6 nm. The zeta potential and polydispersity index values indicated that the system was relatively stable with a narrow size distribution. The release of rifampicin from the nanoparticles was studied in phosphate buffer at pH 7.4 and 37 °C. The release profile showed an initial burst phase, followed by a slower release stage attributed to nanoparticle degradation and relaxation, which continued for approximately 30 days until complete drug release. A combined model of rifampicin release, accounting for both the initial burst and the degradation-relaxation of the nanoparticles, effectively described the experimental data. The efficacy of RNP was studied in vivo; infected mice were treated with free rifampicin at concentrations of 2 mg per kilogram of mice per day (C1) and 4 mg per kilogram of mice per day (C2), as well as equivalent doses of RNP. Administration of four doses of the nanoparticles significantly reduced the B. canis load in the spleen of infected BALB/c mice. RNP demonstrated superior effectiveness compared to the free drug in the spleen, achieving reductions of 85.4 and 49.4%, respectively, when using C1 and 93.3 and 61.8%, respectively, when using C2. These results highlight the improved efficacy of the antibiotic when delivered through nanoparticles in experimentally infected mice. Therefore, the RNP holds promise as a potential alternative for the treatment of B. canis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karol
Yesenia Hernández-Giottonini
- Posgrado
en Nanotecnología, Departamento de Física, Universidad de Sonora, Hermosillo 83000, Mexico
- Departamento
de Ingeniería Química y Metalurgia, Universidad de Sonora, Hermosillo 83000, Mexico
| | - Beatriz Arellano-Reynoso
- Facultad
de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Nacional Autónoma
de México, Circuito Exterior Ciudad
Universitaria, Coyoacán, Ciudad de México 04510, Mexico
| | - Rosalva Josefina Rodríguez-Córdova
- Posgrado
en Nanotecnología, Departamento de Física, Universidad de Sonora, Hermosillo 83000, Mexico
- Departamento
de Ingeniería Química y Metalurgia, Universidad de Sonora, Hermosillo 83000, Mexico
| | | | - Efrén Díaz-Aparicio
- CENID
Salud Animal e Inocuidad, Instituto Nacional
de Investigaciones Forestales, Agrícolas y Pecuarias, Carretera Federal México-Toluca
Km. 15.5, Cuajimalpa, Ciudad de México 05110, Mexico
| | - Armando Lucero-Acuña
- Posgrado
en Nanotecnología, Departamento de Física, Universidad de Sonora, Hermosillo 83000, Mexico
- Departamento
de Ingeniería Química y Metalurgia, Universidad de Sonora, Hermosillo 83000, Mexico
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Sharma V, Sharma R, Aulakh RS, Singh BB. Prevalence of Brucella species in stray cattle, dogs and cats: A systematic review. Prev Vet Med 2023; 219:106017. [PMID: 37669604 DOI: 10.1016/j.prevetmed.2023.106017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/07/2023]
Abstract
Stray animals are unowned free roaming, homeless, abandoned, street or sheltered animals, particularly dogs, cats and cattle. They could act as carrier of several zoonotic pathogens such as rabies virus, Mycobacterium and Brucella species. However, comprehensive information on the prevalence of zoonotic pathogens in stray animals is very limited. We conducted a systematic review as per Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) 2020 guidelines to estimate the prevalence of brucellosis in stray dogs, cats and cattle. Eligibility criteria for the study were determined using the PECOS classification (population, exposure, comparison, outcome, study design) as a tool to guide the research and adjust the search strategy. Major bibliographic databases [Web of Science, Medline, Scopus, ScienceDirect, Google Scholar and PubMed] were searched using predefined keywords for published epidemiological studies on brucellosis in stray animals (dogs, cats and cattle). Systematic assessments of all the studies since 1990-2022 were conducted and those reporting the prevalence of brucellosis in stray dogs, cats and cattle using appropriate diagnostic tests (culture, molecular, serological) were included. Studies reporting prevalence of brucellosis (Brucella infection or exposure) in kennel dogs, dairy herds, livestock farms, humans or marine species were excluded. The apparent individual test- wise prevalence along with 95% confidence intervals (CI) was estimated using Epitools. Out of 2689 studies, 37 met the inclusion criteria and were included in the systematic review. Of 37 studies, 28 (75.7%) were conducted in stray dogs, 7 (18.9%) in cattle and 2 (5.4%) in cats. Furthermore, only 21.62% studies (8/37) used probabilistic random sampling approaches and 13.51% studies (5/37) explained and justified the study sample size using appropriate methods for estimation of disease prevalence in the study populations. Higher sero-prevalence in stray dogs has been reported in studies conducted in Jordan (38.0% (95% CI: 24.0-54.0) and Pakistan (38.0% (95% CI: 31.0-45.0) whereas no sero-positivity was recorded in the studies conducted in Brazil, North Colombia, Cyprus, South Korea and USA. All studies on brucellosis (n = 7) in stray cattle were from India; conducted in stray cattle reared in cow-shelters. Sero-prevalence in the range of 4.3%- 64.3% was reported in stray cattle. Differences in diagnostic tests and host species, as well as limited number and non-randomized studies and high statistical heterogeneity did not allow us to determine combined meta-analysed prevalence estimates. Stray animals are likely to pose a zoonotic and disease spillover risk to human and livestock populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Sharma
- Centre for One Health, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Ludhiana, Punjab 141004, India
| | - R Sharma
- Centre for One Health, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Ludhiana, Punjab 141004, India
| | - R S Aulakh
- Centre for One Health, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Ludhiana, Punjab 141004, India
| | - B B Singh
- Centre for One Health, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Ludhiana, Punjab 141004, India.
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Kolwijck E, Lutgens SPM, Visser VXN, van Apeldoorn MJ, Graham H, Koets AP, Schrauwen MMWP, Reubsaet FAG, Broens EM, Kortbeek LM. First Case of Human Brucella canis Infection in the Netherlands. Clin Infect Dis 2022; 75:2250-2252. [PMID: 35653425 DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciac425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Revised: 05/08/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
A patient was diagnosed with Brucella canis following exposure to infected dogs in her breeding facility. Transboundary spread of B. canis through (illegal) import of infected dogs to non-endemic countries in Europe suggest that B. canis infection should be considered in European patients with occupational exposure to dogs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Kolwijck
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Jeroen Bosch Hospital, 's Hertogenbosch, The Netherlands
| | - Suzanne P M Lutgens
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Jeroen Bosch Hospital, 's Hertogenbosch, The Netherlands
| | - Vanessa X N Visser
- Netherlands Food and Consumer Product Safety Authority, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Marjan J van Apeldoorn
- Department of Internal Medicine, Jeroen Bosch Hospital, 's Hertogenbosch, The Netherlands
| | - Heather Graham
- Department of Diagnostics and Crisis Organisation, Wageningen Bioveterinary Research, Lelystad, The Netherlands
| | - Ad P Koets
- Department of Bacteriology, Host Pathogen Interaction and Diagnostic Development, Wageningen Bioveterinary Research, Lelystad, The Netherlands
| | | | - Frans A G Reubsaet
- Centre for Infectious Disease Control, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, The Netherlands
| | - Els M Broens
- Utrecht University Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Laetitia M Kortbeek
- Centre for Infectious Disease Control, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, The Netherlands
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Lopes CE, De Carli S, Feltes BC, Pinto ÉSM, Sala RDV, Dorn M, Siqueira FM. Genetic and molecular Omp25 analyses from worldwide Brucella canis strains: Possible mutational influences in protein function. Gene 2022; 817:146175. [PMID: 35031422 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2021.146175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Revised: 11/12/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Brucella canis is responsible for canine brucellosis, a neglected zoonotic disease. The omp25 gene has been described as an important marker for Brucella intra-species differentiation, in addition to the ability to interact with the host immune system. Therefore, this study investigated the omp25 sequence from B. canis strains associated to a phylogenetic characterization and the unveiling of the molecular structure. In vitro analyses comprised DNA extraction, PCR, and sequencing of omp25 from 19 B. canis strains. Moreover, in silico analyses were performed at nucleotide level for phylogenetic characterization and evolutionary history of B. canis omp25 gene; and in amino acid level including modeling, dynamics, and epitope prediction of B. canis Omp25 protein. Here, we identified a new mutation, L109P, which diverges the worldwide omp25 sequences in two large branches. Interestingly, this mutation appears to have epidemiology importance, based on a geographical distribution of B. canis strains. Structural and molecular dynamics analyses of Omp25 revealed that Omp25L109P does not sustain its native β-barrel. Likewise, the conformation of B-cell epitope on the mutated region was changed in Omp25L109P protein. Even without an evolutive marker, the new identified mutation appears to affect the basic function of B. canis Omp25 protein, which could indicate virulence adaptation for some B. canis strains in a context of geographical disposition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cassiane Elisabete Lopes
- Laboratory of Veterinary Bacteriology, Veterinary School, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Veterinárias, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Silvia De Carli
- Laboratory of Veterinary Bacteriology, Veterinary School, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Veterinárias, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Bruno César Feltes
- Structural Bioinformatics and Computational Biology Laboratory, Institute of Informatics, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Department of Genetics, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Department of Biophysics, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Éderson Sales Moreira Pinto
- Structural Bioinformatics and Computational Biology Laboratory, Institute of Informatics, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Center of Biotechnology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Rafaella Dalla Vecchia Sala
- Laboratory of Veterinary Bacteriology, Veterinary School, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Márcio Dorn
- Structural Bioinformatics and Computational Biology Laboratory, Institute of Informatics, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; National Institute of Science and Technology - Forensic Science, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Center of Biotechnology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Franciele Maboni Siqueira
- Laboratory of Veterinary Bacteriology, Veterinary School, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Veterinárias, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
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Galarce N, de la Fuente S, Escobar B, Dettleff P, Abalos P, Hormazábal JC, Flores R, Sallaberry-Pincheira N, Martínez V. Survey of Zoonotic Bacterial Pathogens in Native Foxes in Central Chile: First Record of Brucella canis Exposure. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:ani11071980. [PMID: 34359107 PMCID: PMC8300164 DOI: 10.3390/ani11071980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2021] [Revised: 06/20/2021] [Accepted: 06/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Wild canids play a crucial role in the environment, being an ecological agent of flora dispersal, top predators, and environmental sentinels for zoonotic emerging pathogens, such as Brucella spp. and pathogenic Leptospira. In Chile, three species of non-domestic native canids are present, and due to the growing concern about their interaction with humans and domestic animals, it is of utmost relevance to determine the role of these animals in the epidemiology of brucellosis and leptospirosis. This study aimed to detect the exposure to B. abortus, B. canis, and pathogenic Leptospira by serologic, bacteriologic, and molecular techniques in native foxes from rehabilitation and exhibition centers in Central Chile. Forty-six blood samples were obtained from culpeo and grey foxes, detecting exposure to B. canis and L. Javanica in 10.9% and 7.7%, respectively. Exposure was not registered by culture and qPCR in any of the sampled animals. Our results show for the first time in Chile exposure to B. canis in native foxes, highlighting the need to establish integrated surveillance programs to better evaluate the role of wild animals in the epidemiology of emerging zoonotic pathogens that may affect One Health. Abstract Brucella abortus, B. canis, and pathogenic Leptospira are zoonotic pathogens that infect humans, as well as domestic and wild animals. In wild canids, they may affect their fertility and reproduction, threatening their conservation. Wild canids play a crucial role in the environment as meso- and top-predators and environmental sentinels for zoonotic pathogens. In Chile, three species of wild canids are present, and due to changes in land use and environmental dynamics, it is of utmost relevance to determine the role of these species in the epidemiology of brucellosis and leptospirosis. This study aimed to detect the exposure to B. abortus, B. canis, and pathogenic Leptospira by serologic, bacteriologic, and molecular techniques in native foxes from rehabilitation and exhibition centers in Central Chile. Forty-six blood samples were obtained from Lycalopex culpaeus and L. griseus, detecting 10.9% of seropositivity to B. canis and 7.7% to L. Javanica. No seropositivity was seen for B. abortus. Exposure was not registered by culture and qPCR in any of the sampled animals. Our findings are the first register of exposure to any Brucella species in wild canids in Chile and highlight the need to establish surveillance programs of these emerging pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolás Galarce
- Departamento de Medicina Preventiva Animal, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias y Pecuarias, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8820808, Chile; (N.G.); (S.d.l.F.); (B.E.); (P.A.)
| | - Sebastián de la Fuente
- Departamento de Medicina Preventiva Animal, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias y Pecuarias, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8820808, Chile; (N.G.); (S.d.l.F.); (B.E.); (P.A.)
| | - Beatriz Escobar
- Departamento de Medicina Preventiva Animal, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias y Pecuarias, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8820808, Chile; (N.G.); (S.d.l.F.); (B.E.); (P.A.)
| | - Phillip Dettleff
- Departamento de Fomento de la Producción Animal, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias y Pecuarias, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8820808, Chile;
- Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Agronomía, Universidad de las Américas, Sede la Florida, Santiago 8242125, Chile
| | - Pedro Abalos
- Departamento de Medicina Preventiva Animal, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias y Pecuarias, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8820808, Chile; (N.G.); (S.d.l.F.); (B.E.); (P.A.)
| | - Juan Carlos Hormazábal
- Subdepartamento de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Instituto de Salud Pública de Chile, Santiago 7780050, Chile; (J.C.H.); (R.F.)
| | - Roberto Flores
- Subdepartamento de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Instituto de Salud Pública de Chile, Santiago 7780050, Chile; (J.C.H.); (R.F.)
| | - Nicole Sallaberry-Pincheira
- Unidad de Rehabilitación de Fauna Silvestre, Escuela de Medicina Veterinaria, Facultad de Ciencias de la Vida, Universidad Andrés Bello, Santiago 8370146, Chile;
| | - Víctor Martínez
- Departamento de Fomento de la Producción Animal, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias y Pecuarias, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8820808, Chile;
- Correspondence:
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