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Olagunju LK, Isikhuemhen OS, Dele PA, Anike FN, Ike KA, Shaw Y, Brice RM, Orimaye OE, Wuaku M, Essick BG, Holt N, Udombang NS, Enemudo JO, Subedi K, Anele UY. Effects of the Incubation Period of Pleurotus ostreatus on the Chemical Composition and Nutrient Availability of Solid-State-Fermented Corn Stover. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:2587. [PMID: 37627378 PMCID: PMC10451637 DOI: 10.3390/ani13162587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2023] [Revised: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The current study aimed to optimize and improve the feeding value of Pleurotus ostreatus-fermented corn stover by evaluating the effects of five solid-state fermentation times and three in vitro fermentation periods on the chemical composition, dry matter disappearance (DMD), microbial mass and volatile fatty acid (VFA) production of treated and untreated corn stover. The study utilized a 3 × 5 factorial design, with eight replicates per treatment. Dry matter, crude protein (CP), ash and non-fiber carbohydrate (NFC) contents increased quadratically (p < 0.05) with increases in the solid-state fermentation time. Increases of 44.4-59.1%, 20.6-78.6% and 40.5-121% were noted for the CP, ash and NFC contents, respectively. Organic matter, ether extract, neutral detergent fiber and hemicellulose contents decreased quadratically (p < 0.05) across the treatments. Similar trends were noted for DM and fiber disappearance in the treatments. The total gas production and in vitro true dry matter digestibility (IVTDMD) increased quadratically, while microbial mass and in vitro apparent DMD increased in a linear manner. The total VFA, propionate and butyrate contents increased linearly. Both the acetate content and the A:P ratio decreased in a linear manner. The results show that the rumen fermentation pathway favors the production of propionate, with increases in propionate production of 7.46 and 8.30% after 2 and 4 wk, respectively. The study showed that a 2 wk period of solid-state fermentation is sufficient to provide a bio-transformed cow-calf feed resource from P. ostreatus-treated corn stover.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lydia K. Olagunju
- Department of Animal Sciences, North Carolina Agricultural and Technical State University, 1601 East Market Street, Greensboro, NC 27411, USA; (L.K.O.); (P.A.D.); (K.A.I.); (Y.S.); (R.M.B.); (O.E.O.); (M.W.)
| | - Omoanghe S. Isikhuemhen
- Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Design, North Carolina Agricultural and Technical State University, 1601 East Market Street, Greensboro, NC 27411, USA; (F.N.A.); (B.G.E.); (N.H.); (N.S.U.); (J.O.E.)
| | - Peter A. Dele
- Department of Animal Sciences, North Carolina Agricultural and Technical State University, 1601 East Market Street, Greensboro, NC 27411, USA; (L.K.O.); (P.A.D.); (K.A.I.); (Y.S.); (R.M.B.); (O.E.O.); (M.W.)
| | - Felicia N. Anike
- Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Design, North Carolina Agricultural and Technical State University, 1601 East Market Street, Greensboro, NC 27411, USA; (F.N.A.); (B.G.E.); (N.H.); (N.S.U.); (J.O.E.)
| | - Kelechi A. Ike
- Department of Animal Sciences, North Carolina Agricultural and Technical State University, 1601 East Market Street, Greensboro, NC 27411, USA; (L.K.O.); (P.A.D.); (K.A.I.); (Y.S.); (R.M.B.); (O.E.O.); (M.W.)
| | - Yasmine Shaw
- Department of Animal Sciences, North Carolina Agricultural and Technical State University, 1601 East Market Street, Greensboro, NC 27411, USA; (L.K.O.); (P.A.D.); (K.A.I.); (Y.S.); (R.M.B.); (O.E.O.); (M.W.)
| | - Rosetta M. Brice
- Department of Animal Sciences, North Carolina Agricultural and Technical State University, 1601 East Market Street, Greensboro, NC 27411, USA; (L.K.O.); (P.A.D.); (K.A.I.); (Y.S.); (R.M.B.); (O.E.O.); (M.W.)
| | - Oluteru E. Orimaye
- Department of Animal Sciences, North Carolina Agricultural and Technical State University, 1601 East Market Street, Greensboro, NC 27411, USA; (L.K.O.); (P.A.D.); (K.A.I.); (Y.S.); (R.M.B.); (O.E.O.); (M.W.)
| | - Michael Wuaku
- Department of Animal Sciences, North Carolina Agricultural and Technical State University, 1601 East Market Street, Greensboro, NC 27411, USA; (L.K.O.); (P.A.D.); (K.A.I.); (Y.S.); (R.M.B.); (O.E.O.); (M.W.)
| | - Brandon G. Essick
- Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Design, North Carolina Agricultural and Technical State University, 1601 East Market Street, Greensboro, NC 27411, USA; (F.N.A.); (B.G.E.); (N.H.); (N.S.U.); (J.O.E.)
| | - Nathan Holt
- Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Design, North Carolina Agricultural and Technical State University, 1601 East Market Street, Greensboro, NC 27411, USA; (F.N.A.); (B.G.E.); (N.H.); (N.S.U.); (J.O.E.)
| | - Nkese S. Udombang
- Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Design, North Carolina Agricultural and Technical State University, 1601 East Market Street, Greensboro, NC 27411, USA; (F.N.A.); (B.G.E.); (N.H.); (N.S.U.); (J.O.E.)
| | - Judith O. Enemudo
- Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Design, North Carolina Agricultural and Technical State University, 1601 East Market Street, Greensboro, NC 27411, USA; (F.N.A.); (B.G.E.); (N.H.); (N.S.U.); (J.O.E.)
| | - Kiran Subedi
- Analytical Services Laboratory, North Carolina Agricultural and Technical State University, 1601 East Market Street, Greensboro, NC 27411, USA;
| | - Uchenna Y. Anele
- Department of Animal Sciences, North Carolina Agricultural and Technical State University, 1601 East Market Street, Greensboro, NC 27411, USA; (L.K.O.); (P.A.D.); (K.A.I.); (Y.S.); (R.M.B.); (O.E.O.); (M.W.)
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Ravari FN, Tahmasbi R, Dayani O, Khezri A. Cactus-alfalfa blend silage as an alternative feedstuff for Saanen dairy goats: Effect on feed intake, milk yield and components, blood and rumen parameters. Small Rumin Res 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.smallrumres.2022.106811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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dos Santos DS, Macedo AV, da Conceição MG, de Siqueira MC, Mora-Luna RE, de Vasconcelos EQ, de Oliveira JP, de F. Monteiro CC, Silva JDL, Ferreira MDA. Sugarcane replaced by cactus cladodes improves the ruminal dynamics of sheep. Small Rumin Res 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.smallrumres.2022.106649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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