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Qin J, Qin L, Zhang F, Fan X, Jin H, Du Z, Guo Y, Liu W, Liu Q. Effects of JUNCAO Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide peptide on slaughter performance and intestinal health of Minxinan black rabbits. Anim Biotechnol 2024; 35:2259436. [PMID: 37768126 DOI: 10.1080/10495398.2023.2259436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of JUNCAO Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide peptide (JCGLPP) on slaughter performance and intestinal health of Minxinan black rabbits, which aimed to provide the basis for the application of JCGLPP in meat rabbits. One hundred male weaned Minxinan black rabbits of (33 ± 2) d [(initial body mass (655.65 ± 25.90) g] were randomly divided into four groups with five replicates per group and five rabbits per replicate. The diets were supplemented with 0 (control group), 50 (group I), 100 (group II) and 150 mg·kg-1 (group III) of JCGLPP, respectively. This experiment lasted for 56 days. The results are shown below: (1) The live weight before slaughter of groups I and III was significantly higher than that of control group (p < 0.05); The full net bore weight of group III was significantly higher than that of control group (p < 0.05). (2) pH value of group I was significantly higher than that of control group (p < 0.05); NH3-N content in experimental groups were significantly higher than that in control group(p < 0.05) while NH3-N content in group I was significantly higher than that in groups III and II (p < 0.05); The content of butyric acid in group II was significantly lower than that in control group (p < 0.05); There were no significant differences in acetic acid, isovaleric acid, isobutyric acid and propionic acid in experimental groups compared with control group (p > 0.05). (3) The Occludin content in duodenum, jejunum and ileum of groups I and II was significantly higher than that of control group (p < 0.05). (4) At the phylum level, Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes were the dominant phylum in each group. At the genus level, norank_f__norank_o__Clostridia_UCG-014 in group II were significantly higher than those in control group (p < 0.05). In conclusion, although dietary JCGLPP supplementation could not improve slaughter performance of Minxinan black rabbits, it could improve cecal fermentation parameters and intestinal flora structure and composition of Minxinan black rabbits to a certain extent. Our results revealed that 100 mg·kg-1 might be the optimal concentration obtained in dietary JCGLPP supplementation, which provided ideas and feasibility for drug combination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juanqing Qin
- College of Animal Sciences (College of Bee Science), Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Liwen Qin
- College of Animal Sciences (College of Bee Science), Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Fu Zhang
- College of Animal Sciences (College of Bee Science), Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Xiaoyu Fan
- College of Animal Sciences (College of Bee Science), Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Huayun Jin
- College of Animal Sciences (College of Bee Science), Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Zhijian Du
- College of Animal Sciences (College of Bee Science), Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Yukang Guo
- College of Animal Sciences (College of Bee Science), Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Weiwei Liu
- College of Animal Sciences (College of Bee Science), Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Qinghua Liu
- College of Animal Sciences (College of Bee Science), Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
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Guo Q, Wang Q, Li J, Liu S, Wang X, Yu D, Zou Z, Gao G, Zhang Q, Hao F, Feng J, Yang R, Wang M, Fu H, Bao X, Duan L. Proteomic and metabolomic characterizations of moyamoya disease patient sera. Brain Behav 2023; 13:e3328. [PMID: 37962021 PMCID: PMC10726768 DOI: 10.1002/brb3.3328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2023] [Revised: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The pathogenesis of moyamoya disease (MMD) is unclear. Inflammation and immune imbalance have been identified as potential factors contributing to the occurrence and progression of MMD. However, the specific proteins and metabolites responsible for triggering this process are yet to be established. The purpose of this study is to identify differentially expressed proteins and metabolites in patients with MMD and perform Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway integration analysis to pinpoint crucial proteins and metabolites involved in the disease. METHODS We performed untargeted metabolomic and data-independent acquisition proteomic analyses on the serum samples of individuals with MMD and healthy controls (HC). RESULTS In patients with MMD versus HC, 24 proteins and 60 metabolites, including 21 anionic metabolites and 39 cationic metabolites, which were significantly different, were identified. In patients with MMD, several proteins involved in inflammation and immune metabolism, such as tubulin beta-6 and complement C4, were found to have significantly altered levels. Similarly, many metabolites involved in inflammation and immune metabolisms, such as dimethyl 4-hydroxyisophthalate, beta-nicotinamide mononucleotide, 2-(3-(4-pyridyl)-1H-1,2,4-triazol-5-yl)pyridine, and PC (17:1/18:2), were significantly altered. Intriguingly, these proteins and metabolites are involved in the progression of atherosclerosis through immune and inflammatory pathways, although some have never been reported in MMD. Moreover, integrated proteomics and metabolomics studies were conducted to determine shared pathways involving cholesterol metabolism, vitamin digestion, fat digestion, and absorption pathways of proteins and metabolites, which warrant further investigation. CONCLUSIONS Significant increases in pro-inflammatory and immunosuppressive abilities have been observed in patients with MMD, accompanied by significant reductions in anti-inflammatory and immune regulation. Various metabolites and proteins implicated in these processes have been identified for the first time. These findings hold immense significance for comprehending the pathogenesis of MMD and for the development of future drug therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingbao Guo
- Medical School of Chinese PLABeijingChina
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Medical CentreChinese PLA General HospitalBeijingChina
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Fifth Medical CentreChinese PLA General HospitalBeijingChina
| | - Qian‐Nan Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Eighth Medical CentreChinese PLA General HospitalBeijingChina
| | - Jingjie Li
- Medical School of Chinese PLABeijingChina
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Medical CentreChinese PLA General HospitalBeijingChina
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Fifth Medical CentreChinese PLA General HospitalBeijingChina
| | - Simeng Liu
- Medical School of Chinese PLABeijingChina
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Medical CentreChinese PLA General HospitalBeijingChina
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Fifth Medical CentreChinese PLA General HospitalBeijingChina
| | - Xiaopeng Wang
- Medical School of Chinese PLABeijingChina
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Medical CentreChinese PLA General HospitalBeijingChina
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Fifth Medical CentreChinese PLA General HospitalBeijingChina
| | - Dan Yu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Fifth Medical CentreChinese PLA General HospitalBeijingChina
| | - Zheng‐Xing Zou
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Fifth Medical CentreChinese PLA General HospitalBeijingChina
| | - Gan Gao
- Medical School of Chinese PLABeijingChina
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Medical CentreChinese PLA General HospitalBeijingChina
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Fifth Medical CentreChinese PLA General HospitalBeijingChina
| | - Qian Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Fifth Medical CentreChinese PLA General HospitalBeijingChina
| | - Fang‐Bin Hao
- Medical School of Chinese PLABeijingChina
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Medical CentreChinese PLA General HospitalBeijingChina
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Fifth Medical CentreChinese PLA General HospitalBeijingChina
| | - Jie Feng
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Fifth Medical CentreChinese PLA General HospitalBeijingChina
| | - Ri‐Miao Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Fifth Medical CentreChinese PLA General HospitalBeijingChina
| | - Minjie Wang
- Medical School of Chinese PLABeijingChina
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Medical CentreChinese PLA General HospitalBeijingChina
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Fifth Medical CentreChinese PLA General HospitalBeijingChina
| | - Heguan Fu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Fifth Medical CentreChinese PLA General HospitalBeijingChina
| | - Xiangyang Bao
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Fifth Medical CentreChinese PLA General HospitalBeijingChina
| | - Lian Duan
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Medical CentreChinese PLA General HospitalBeijingChina
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Li S, Liu T, Wang K, Li C, Wu F, Yang X, Zhao M, Chen B, Chen X. The ratios of dietary non-fibrous carbohydrate (NFC) to neutral detergent fiber (NDF) influence intestinal immunity of rabbits by regulating gut microbiota composition and metabolites. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1146787. [PMID: 37152746 PMCID: PMC10157162 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1146787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Carbohydrate is the most common macronutrient consumed across all phases of the diet and acts as a potential regulator in modulating the gut microbiota in animals. However, the influences of dietary non-fibrous carbohydrate (NFC) to neutral detergent fiber (NDF) in different ratios on gut microbiota, metabolites, intestinal immunity, and growth performance have not been fully explored. A total of 135 healthy weaned rabbits (45.1 ± 0.7 d of age) with an average body weight of 1.08 ± 0.07 kg were randomly divided into five groups. Under the same other nutrient levels, rabbits were fed diets with NFC/NDF ratios of 0.7 (T1), 1.0 (T2), 1.3 (T3), 1.6 (T4), and 1.9 (T5). During the 28-day experiment, T3 rabbits showed the highest final body weight and the lowest feed-to-weight ratio than T5 rabbits (P < 0.05) but no significant difference with T1 or T2 rabbits. The expression of cecal pro-inflammatory factors IL-1β and TNF-α was increased in the T4 and T5 than in those of other groups (P < 0.05). Conversely, the tight junction proteins (ZO-1, Claudin-1, and Occludin) were decreased to varying degrees in the T4 and T5 groups. The pH value in the cecal digesta of T5 rabbits was lower than that of T1, T2, and T3 (P < 0.05), while the concentration of volatile fatty acids and propionate was higher than those of T1, T2, and T3 rabbits (P < 0.05). In terms of gut microbiota, at the phylum level, the relative burden of Firmicutes and Actinobacteria in T2 rabbits was the highest (P < 0.05), and the relative burden of Proteobacteria in T5 rabbits was higher than that of other groups (P < 0.05). At the genus level, the relative burden of Ruminococcus was higher in T2 and T3 rabbits than that of other groups, and T5 rabbits have the lowest relative burden of Ruminococcus. Combination analysis showed that cecal metabolites were positively associated with fermentation-related phenotypes and the burden of Firmicutes (P < 0.05). In conclusion, different dietary NFC/NDF ratios can affect the intestinal immune response and growth performance of rabbits, and there was a positive effect when dietary NFC/NDF = 1.0-1.3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuo Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
- College of Animal Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| | - Tingting Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
- Institute of Cereal and Oil Crops, Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Kun Wang
- Institute of Cereal and Oil Crops, Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Chong Li
- Key Laboratory for Feed Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Feed Research, Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Beijing, China
- Precision Livestock and Nutrition Laboratory, Teaching and Research Centre (TERRA), Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of Liège, Gembloux, Belgium
| | - Fengyang Wu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
- College of Food Science and Technology, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
| | - Xinyu Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
| | - Man Zhao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
| | - Baojiang Chen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
- Baojiang Chen
| | - Xiang Chen
- College of Animal Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
- *Correspondence: Xiang Chen
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Zhou Q, Lan F, Gu S, Li G, Wu G, Yan Y, Li X, Jin J, Wen C, Sun C, Yang N. Genetic and microbiome analysis of feed efficiency in laying hens. Poult Sci 2022; 102:102393. [PMID: 36805401 PMCID: PMC9958098 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2022.102393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Revised: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Improving feed efficiency is an important target for poultry breeding. Feed efficiency is affected by host genetics and the gut microbiota, but many of the mechanisms remain elusive in laying hens, especially in the late laying period. In this study, we measured feed intake, body weight, and egg mass of 714 hens from a pedigreed line from 69 to 72 wk of age and calculated the residual feed intake (RFI) and feed conversion ratio (FCR). In addition, fecal samples were also collected for 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing (V4 region). Genetic analysis was then conducted in DMU packages by using AI-REML with animal model. Moderate heritability estimates for FCR (h2 = 0.31) and RFI (h2 = 0.52) were observed, suggesting that proper selection programs can directly improve feed efficiency. Genetically, RFI was less correlated with body weight and egg mass than that of FCR. The phenotypic variance explained by gut microbial variance is defined as the microbiability (m2). The microbiability estimates for FCR (m2 = 0.03) and RFI (m2 = 0.16) suggested the gut microbiota was also involved in the regulation of feed efficiency. In addition, our results showed that the effect of host genetics on fecal microbiota was minor in three aspects: 1) microbial diversity indexes had low heritability estimates, and genera with heritability estimates more than 0.1 accounted for only 1.07% of the tested fecal microbiota; 2) the genetic relationship correlations between host genetics and different microbial distance were very weak, ranging from -0.0057 to -0.0003; 3) the microbial distance between different kinships showed no significant difference. Since the RFI has the highest microbiability, we further screened out three genera, including Anaerosporobacter, Candidatus Stoquefichus, and Fournierella, which were negatively correlated with RFI and played positive roles in improving the feed efficiency. These findings contribute to a great understanding of the genetic background and microbial influences on feed efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianqian Zhou
- National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding and Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Fangren Lan
- National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding and Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Shuang Gu
- National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding and Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Guangqi Li
- Beijing Huadu Yukou Poultry Industry Co. Ltd., Beijing, 101206, China
| | - Guiqin Wu
- Beijing Huadu Yukou Poultry Industry Co. Ltd., Beijing, 101206, China
| | - Yiyuan Yan
- Beijing Huadu Yukou Poultry Industry Co. Ltd., Beijing, 101206, China
| | - Xiaochang Li
- National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding and Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Jiaming Jin
- National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding and Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Chaoliang Wen
- National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding and Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Congjiao Sun
- National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding and Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Ning Yang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding and Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
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