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Luo W, Yin Z, Zhang M, Huang X, Yin J. Dietary Lactobacillus delbrueckii Affects Ileal Bacterial Composition and Circadian Rhythms in Pigs. Animals (Basel) 2024; 14:412. [PMID: 38338054 PMCID: PMC10854795 DOI: 10.3390/ani14030412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Revised: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Intestinal bacteria, synchronized with diet and feeding time, exhibit circadian rhythms and anticipate host gut function; however the effect of dietary probiotics on gut bacterial diurnal rhythms remains obscure. In this study, bacteria were sequenced at 6 Zeitgeber times (ZT) from a pig model of ileal T-shaped fistula to test ileal bacterial composition and circadian rhythms after Lactobacillus delbrueckii administration. The results showed that dietary L. delbrueckii enhanced ileal bacterial α-diversity at Zeitgeber time (ZT) 16, evidenced by an increased Simpson index compared with control pigs. At the phylum level, Firmicutes was identified as the largest phyla represented in pigs, but dietary L. delbrueckii only increased the abundance of Tenericutes at ZT16. At the genus level, 11/100 genera (i.e., Lactobacillus, Enterococcus, Leptotrichia, Pediococcus, Bifidobacte, Cellulosilyticum, Desulfomicrobium, Sharpea, Eubacterium, Propionivibrio, and Aerococcus) were markedly differentiated in L. delbrueckii-fed pigs and the effect was rhythmicity-dependent. Meanwhile, dietary L. delbrueckii affected six pathways of bacterial functions, such as membrane transport, metabolism of cofactors and vitamins, cell motility, the endocrine system, signaling molecules and interaction, and the nervous system. Cosinor analysis was conducted to test bacterial circadian rhythm in pigs, while no significant circadian rhythm in bacterial α-diversity and phyla composition was observed. Lactobacillus, Terrisporobacter, and Weissella exhibited significant rhythmic fluctuation in the control pigs, which was disturbed by probiotic exposure. In addition, dietary L. delbrueckii affected circadian rhythms in ileal Romboutsia, Erysipelatoclostridium, Cellulosilyticum, and Eubacterium abundances. Dietary L. delbrueckii affected both ileal bacterial composition and circadian rhythms, which might further regulate gut function and host metabolism in pigs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenxin Luo
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China; (W.L.); (Z.Y.); (M.Z.); (X.H.)
- Hunan Biological and Electromechanical Polytechnic, Changsha 410125, China
| | - Zhangzheng Yin
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China; (W.L.); (Z.Y.); (M.Z.); (X.H.)
| | - Mingliang Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China; (W.L.); (Z.Y.); (M.Z.); (X.H.)
| | - Xingguo Huang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China; (W.L.); (Z.Y.); (M.Z.); (X.H.)
| | - Jie Yin
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China; (W.L.); (Z.Y.); (M.Z.); (X.H.)
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Jiang S, Si J, Mo J, Zhang S, Chen K, Gao J, Xu D, Bai L, Lan G, Liang J. Integrated Microbiome and Serum Metabolome Analysis Reveals Molecular Regulatory Mechanisms of the Average Daily Weight Gain of Yorkshire Pigs. Animals (Basel) 2024; 14:278. [PMID: 38254447 PMCID: PMC10812420 DOI: 10.3390/ani14020278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Revised: 12/31/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
The average daily weight gain (ADG) is considered a crucial indicator for assessing growth rates in the swine industry. Therefore, investigating the gastrointestinal microbiota and serum metabolites influencing the ADG in pigs is pivotal for swine breed selection. This study involved the inclusion of 350 purebred Yorkshire pigs (age: 90 ± 2 days; body weight: 41.20 ± 4.60 kg). Concurrently, serum and fecal samples were collected during initial measurements of blood and serum indices. The pigs were categorized based on their ADG, with 27 male pigs divided into high-ADG (HADG) and low-ADG (LADG) groups based on their phenotype values. There were 12 pigs in LADG and 15 pigs in HADG. Feces and serum samples were collected on the 90th day. Microbiome and non-targeted metabolomics analyses were conducted using 16S rRNA sequencing and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS). Pearson correlation, with Benjamini-Hochberg (BH) adjustment, was employed to assess the associations between these variables. The abundance of Lactobacillus and Prevotella in LADG was significantly higher than in HADG, while Erysipelothrix, Streptomyces, Dubosiella, Parolsenella, and Adlercreutzia in LADG were significantly lower than in HADG. The concentration of glutamine, etiocholanolone glucuronide, and retinoyl beta-glucuronide in LADG was significantly higher than in HADG, while arachidonic acid, allocholic acid, oleic acid, phenylalanine, and methyltestosterone in LADG were significantly lower than in HADG. The Lactobacillus-Streptomyces networks (Lactobacillus, Streptomyces, methyltestosterone, phenylalanine, oleic acid, arachidonic acid, glutamine, 3-ketosphingosine, L-octanoylcarnitine, camylofin, 4-guanidinobutyrate 3-methylcyclopentadecanone) were identified as the most influential at regulating swine weight gain. These findings suggest that the gastrointestinal tract regulates the daily weight gain of pigs through the network of Lactobacillus and Streptomyces. However, this study was limited to fecal and serum samples from growing and fattening boars. A comprehensive consideration of factors affecting the daily weight gain in pig production, including gender, parity, season, and breed, is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan Jiang
- College of Animal Science & Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China; (S.J.); (J.S.); (J.M.); (S.Z.); (K.C.); (J.G.); (D.X.); (G.L.)
- Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-Omics of MARA, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen 518124, China
| | - Jinglei Si
- College of Animal Science & Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China; (S.J.); (J.S.); (J.M.); (S.Z.); (K.C.); (J.G.); (D.X.); (G.L.)
- Guangxi State Farms Yongxin Animal Husbandary Group Co., Ltd., Nanning 530022, China
| | - Jiayuan Mo
- College of Animal Science & Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China; (S.J.); (J.S.); (J.M.); (S.Z.); (K.C.); (J.G.); (D.X.); (G.L.)
| | - Shuai Zhang
- College of Animal Science & Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China; (S.J.); (J.S.); (J.M.); (S.Z.); (K.C.); (J.G.); (D.X.); (G.L.)
| | - Kuirong Chen
- College of Animal Science & Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China; (S.J.); (J.S.); (J.M.); (S.Z.); (K.C.); (J.G.); (D.X.); (G.L.)
| | - Jiuyu Gao
- College of Animal Science & Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China; (S.J.); (J.S.); (J.M.); (S.Z.); (K.C.); (J.G.); (D.X.); (G.L.)
| | - Di Xu
- College of Animal Science & Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China; (S.J.); (J.S.); (J.M.); (S.Z.); (K.C.); (J.G.); (D.X.); (G.L.)
| | - Lijing Bai
- Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-Omics of MARA, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen 518124, China
| | - Ganqiu Lan
- College of Animal Science & Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China; (S.J.); (J.S.); (J.M.); (S.Z.); (K.C.); (J.G.); (D.X.); (G.L.)
| | - Jing Liang
- College of Animal Science & Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China; (S.J.); (J.S.); (J.M.); (S.Z.); (K.C.); (J.G.); (D.X.); (G.L.)
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