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Carvalho FV, Landis HE, Getachew B, Silva VDA, Ribeiro PR, Aschner M, Tizabi Y. Iron toxicity, ferroptosis and microbiota in Parkinson's disease: Implications for novel targets. ADVANCES IN NEUROTOXICOLOGY 2024; 11:105-132. [PMID: 38770370 PMCID: PMC11105119 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ant.2024.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
Parkinson's Disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease characterized by loss of dopaminergic neurons in substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc). Iron (Fe)-dependent programmed cell death known as ferroptosis, plays a crucial role in the etiology and progression of PD. Since SNpc is particularly vulnerable to Fe toxicity, a central role for ferroptosis in the etiology and progression of PD is envisioned. Ferroptosis, characterized by reactive oxygen species (ROS)-dependent accumulation of lipid peroxides, is tightly regulated by a variety of intracellular metabolic processes. Moreover, the recently characterized bi-directional interactions between ferroptosis and the gut microbiota, not only provides another window into the mechanistic underpinnings of PD but could also suggest novel interventions in this devastating disease. Here, following a brief discussion of PD, we focus on how our expanding knowledge of Fe-induced ferroptosis and its interaction with the gut microbiota may contribute to the pathophysiology of PD and how this knowledge may be exploited to provide novel interventions in PD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Harold E. Landis
- Integrative Medicine Fellow, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States
| | - Bruk Getachew
- Department of Pharmacology, Howard University College of Medicine, Washington, DC, United States
| | | | - Paulo R. Ribeiro
- Metabolomics Research Group, Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Bahia, Brazil
| | - Michael Aschner
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, United States
| | - Yousef Tizabi
- Department of Pharmacology, Howard University College of Medicine, Washington, DC, United States
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Westhoff TA, Borchardt S, Mann S. INVITED REVIEW: Nutritional and management factors that influence colostrum production and composition in dairy cows. J Dairy Sci 2024:S0022-0302(24)00034-1. [PMID: 38246551 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2023-24349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
Colostrum is a rich source of nutritional and non-nutritional components and is recognized as essential to transfer passive immunity to newborn calves. Because of the individual and seasonal variability in colostrum yield and composition, maintaining an adequate supply of high-quality colostrum year-round remains a challenge for commercial dairy producers. In this narrative review, we described the individual, seasonal, and herd-level variability of colostrum production and summarized the association between individual animal factors such as parity, sex of the calf, calf birth weight, as well as indicators of the cow's metabolic status and the yield and composition of colostrum. Further, we reviewed the current knowledge on the influence of prepartum nutrition and management strategies on colostrum production. Research on the metabolizable energy and protein supplied in the prepartum diet as well as into the inclusion and source of vitamins, minerals, and feed additives suggests prepartum nutrition influences the yield, quality, and composition of colostrum. Furthermore, the prepartum environment and dry period length remain influential factors in the production of colostrum. However, additional research is needed to understand the mechanisms by which prepartum nutrition and management affects colostrum production. Lastly, time to colostrum harvest and oxytocin administration as well as the current knowledge on the effect of heat-treatment and colostrum storage strategies on colostral components were discussed. To conclude, we identify critical gaps in knowledge for future focus of investigation in colostrum research.
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Affiliation(s)
- T A Westhoff
- Department of Population Medicine and Diagnostic Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853
| | - S Borchardt
- Clinic for Animal Reproduction, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Freie Universitaet Berlin, Koenigsweg 65, 14163 Berlin, Germany
| | - S Mann
- Department of Population Medicine and Diagnostic Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853..
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Czerniawska-Piątkowska E, Cioch-Szklarz B, Kowalczyk A, Wrzecińska M, Wójcik J, Kordan W, Araujo JP, Cerqueira JL, Kossakowski K, Cwynar P, Sablik P. Relationship between Milk Protein Polymorphism and Selected Cows' Reproductive Indices. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:1729. [PMID: 37889651 PMCID: PMC10251991 DOI: 10.3390/ani13111729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Revised: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
This research sought to determine the effect of selected milk protein polymorphisms on the reproduction parameters of 598 black and white Polish Holstein-Friesian cattle. The analyzed genes were kappa-casein (CSN3) and beta-lactoglobulin (BLG). The following reproductive indexes were selected: the age at first calving, the interpregnancy period, the calving interval, and the insemination index. The influence of the identified genotypes on the course of parturition in cows was also analyzed. Source data were collected for each cow from the beginning of the herd life and reproduction to its culling from the herd or the end of its third lactation. Data on the age at first calving, the amount of semen portions for artificial insemination (insemination index), the interpregnancy period, and the calving interval for each cow were also collected. A contingency analysis was performed through contingency tables using a Pearson's chi-squared test for each CSN3 and BLG genotype. The results show that the BB genotype of the kappa-casein gene was associated with the most favorable values of reproductive indicators. In the case of the calving interval, the values were significantly more favorable than those of other genotypes (p ≤ 0.05). No effect of beta-lactoglobulin polymorphism on the analyzed reproductive indices was observed. On the other hand, in the case of the interpregnancy period, significant statistical differences were obtained between the AA and BB genotypes. The analyzed kappa-casein and beta-lactoglobulin genotypes did not significantly influence the course of parturition in cows. To conclude, the genotype polymorphism BB CSN3 is the most favorable for the performance of the cows in the examined herd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewa Czerniawska-Piątkowska
- Department of Ruminant Science, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Janickiego 29, 71-270 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Barbara Cioch-Szklarz
- Department of Ruminant Science, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Janickiego 29, 71-270 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Alicja Kowalczyk
- Department of Environment Hygiene and Animal Welfare, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Chelmonskiego 38C, 51-630 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Marcjanna Wrzecińska
- Department of Ruminant Science, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Janickiego 29, 71-270 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Jerzy Wójcik
- Department of Ruminant Science, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Janickiego 29, 71-270 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Władysław Kordan
- Department of Animal Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury, 10-718 Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Jose Pedro Araujo
- Mountain Research Centre (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Viana do Castelo, Rua D. Mendo Afonso, 147 Refóios do Lima, 4990-706 Ponte de Lima, Portugal
| | - Joaquim L. Cerqueira
- Mountain Research Centre (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Viana do Castelo, Rua D. Mendo Afonso, 147 Refóios do Lima, 4990-706 Ponte de Lima, Portugal
| | - Kamil Kossakowski
- Department of Environment Hygiene and Animal Welfare, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Chelmonskiego 38C, 51-630 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Przemysław Cwynar
- Department of Environment Hygiene and Animal Welfare, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Chelmonskiego 38C, 51-630 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Piotr Sablik
- Department of Ruminant Science, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Janickiego 29, 71-270 Szczecin, Poland
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