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Celestine L, Zosiamliana R, Kima L, Chettri B, Singh YT, Gurung S, Surajkumar Singh N, Laref A, Rai DP. Hybrid-DFT study of halide perovskites, an energy-efficient material under compressive pressure for piezoelectric applications. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2024; 36:325501. [PMID: 38670125 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/ad443e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
Recent studies have reported that lead-halide perovskites are the most efficient energy-harvesting materials. Regardless of their high-output energy and structural stability, lead-based products have risk factors due to their toxicity. Therefore, lead-free perovskites that offer green energy are the expected alternatives. We have taken CsGeX3(X = Cl, Br, and I) as lead-free halide perovskites despite knowing the low power conversion rate. Herein, we have tried to study the mechanisms of enhancement of energy-harvesting capabilities involving an interplay between structure and electronic properties. A density functional theory simulation of these materials shows a decrease in the band gaps, lattice parameters, and volumes with increasing applied pressure. We report the high piezoelectric responses and high electro-mechanical conversion rates, which are intriguing for generating electricity through mechanical stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Celestine
- Department of Physics, Physical Sciences Research Center (PSRC), Pachhunga University College, Mizoram University, Aizawl 796001, India
- Department of Physics, Mizoram University, Aizawl 796004, India
| | - R Zosiamliana
- Department of Physics, Physical Sciences Research Center (PSRC), Pachhunga University College, Mizoram University, Aizawl 796001, India
- Department of Physics, Mizoram University, Aizawl 796004, India
| | - Lalrin Kima
- Department of Physics, Physical Sciences Research Center (PSRC), Pachhunga University College, Mizoram University, Aizawl 796001, India
- Department of Physics, Mizoram University, Aizawl 796004, India
| | - Bhanu Chettri
- Department of Physics, Physical Sciences Research Center (PSRC), Pachhunga University College, Mizoram University, Aizawl 796001, India
- Department of Physics, North-Eastern Hill University, Shillong, India
| | - Y T Singh
- Department of Physics, Physical Sciences Research Center (PSRC), Pachhunga University College, Mizoram University, Aizawl 796001, India
- Department of Physics, North-Eastern Hill University, Shillong, India
| | - Shivraj Gurung
- Department of Physics, Physical Sciences Research Center (PSRC), Pachhunga University College, Mizoram University, Aizawl 796001, India
| | - N Surajkumar Singh
- Department of Physics, Physical Sciences Research Center (PSRC), Pachhunga University College, Mizoram University, Aizawl 796001, India
| | - A Laref
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - D P Rai
- Department of Physics, Physical Sciences Research Center (PSRC), Pachhunga University College, Mizoram University, Aizawl 796001, India
- Department of Physics, Mizoram University, Aizawl 796004, India
- Researcher, Faculty of Chemical Engineering, New Uzbekistan University, Tashkent, Uzbekistan
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Xiang G, Wu Y, Zhang M, Leng J, Cheng C, Ma H. Strain-induced bandgap engineering in CsGeX 3 (X = I, Br or Cl) perovskites: insights from first-principles calculations. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2022; 24:5448-5454. [PMID: 35171170 DOI: 10.1039/d1cp05787a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Based on density functional theory and following first-principles methods, this paper investigated the electronic structures, densities of states, effective masses of electrons and holes, and optical properties of CsGeX3 (X = I, Br or Cl) perovskites under triaxial strains of -4% to 4%. The calculated results show that the tuning range of the bandgaps of the CsGeI3, CsGeBr3, and CsGeCl3 perovskites are 1.16 eV, 1.64 eV, and 1.63 eV, respectively. This result shows that the bandgap of the CsGeX3 perovskite is tuned over the entire visible spectrum by applying strain. Also, it is found that the change of the bandgap is caused by the change of the Ge-X long bond. Besides, the optimal bandgaps of CsGeI3 and CsGeBr3 can be achieved by applying compressive strains, providing theoretical support for adjusting the bandgaps of CsGeX3 perovskites. The effective masses of electrons and holes of CsGeX3 perovskites decrease gradually with the strains changing from 4% to -4%, which is conducive to the transmission of electrons and holes. In addition, the optical properties of CsGeX3 perovskites change from redshifted to blueshifted under different strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangbiao Xiang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optics and Photonic Device, Collaborative Innovation Center of Light Manipulations and Applications, School of Physics and Electronics, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, China.
| | - Yanwen Wu
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optics and Photonic Device, Collaborative Innovation Center of Light Manipulations and Applications, School of Physics and Electronics, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, China.
| | - Man Zhang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optics and Photonic Device, Collaborative Innovation Center of Light Manipulations and Applications, School of Physics and Electronics, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, China.
| | - Jiancai Leng
- International School for Optoelectronic Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, China.
| | - Chen Cheng
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optics and Photonic Device, Collaborative Innovation Center of Light Manipulations and Applications, School of Physics and Electronics, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, China.
| | - Hong Ma
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optics and Photonic Device, Collaborative Innovation Center of Light Manipulations and Applications, School of Physics and Electronics, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, China.
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Qiu J, Kuang XY, Mao AJ, Yu M, Xing Z, Zhou S, Chen J, Ma J. Pressure induced phase transitions of bulk CsGeCl3 and ultrafast laser pulses induced excited-state properties of CsGeCl3 quantum dots. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2022; 24:22038-22045. [DOI: 10.1039/d2cp02162e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
First-principles calculations are carried out to investigate the structural, electronic, and optical properties of CsGeCl3. Results indicate CsGeCl3 undergoes three structural phase transitions from Cm or R3m to Pm3m at...
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Structural and Optoelectronic Properties of Two-Dimensional Ruddlesden-Popper Hybrid Perovskite CsSnBr 3. NANOMATERIALS 2021; 11:nano11082119. [PMID: 34443949 PMCID: PMC8398644 DOI: 10.3390/nano11082119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2021] [Revised: 08/14/2021] [Accepted: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Ultrathin inorganic halogenated perovskites have attracted attention owing to their excellent photoelectric properties. In this work, we designed two types of Ruddlesden-Popper hybrid perovskites, Csn+1SnnBr3n+1 and CsnSnn+1Br3n+2, and studied their band structures and band gaps as a function of the number of layers (n = 1-5). The calculation results show that Csn+1SnnBr3n+1 has a direct bandgap while the bandgap of CsnSnn+1Br3n+2 can be altered from indirect to direct, induced by the 5p-Sn state. As the layers increased from 1 to 5, the bandgap energies of Csn+1SnnBr3n+1 and CsnSnn+1Br3n+2 decreased from 1.209 to 0.797 eV and 1.310 to 1.013 eV, respectively. In addition, the optical absorption of Csn+1SnnBr3n+1 and CsnSnn+1Br3n+2 was blue-shifted as the structure changed from bulk to nanolayer. Compared with that of Csn+1SnnBr3n+1, the optical absorption of CsnSnn+1Br3n+2 was sensitive to the layers along the z direction, which exhibited anisotropy induced by the SnBr2-terminated surface.
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