1
|
Li K, Barrett K, Agger JW, Zeuner B, Meyer AS. Bioinformatics-based identification of GH12 endoxyloglucanases in citrus-pathogenic Penicillium spp. Enzyme Microb Technol 2024; 178:110441. [PMID: 38574421 DOI: 10.1016/j.enzmictec.2024.110441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
Millions of tons of citrus peel waste are produced every year as a byproduct of the juice industry. Citrus peel is rich in pectin and xyloglucan, but while the pectin is extracted for use in the food industry, the xyloglucan is currently not valorized. To target hydrolytic degradation of citrus peel xyloglucan into oligosaccharides, we have used bioinformatics to identify three glycoside hydrolase 12 (GH12) endoxyloglucanases (EC 3.2.1.151) from the citrus fruit pathogens Penicillium italicum GL-Gan1 and Penicillium digitatum Pd1 and characterized them on xyloglucan obtained by alkaline extraction from citrus peel. The enzymes displayed pH-temperature optima of pH 4.6-5.3 and 35-37°C. PdGH12 from P. digitatum and PiGH12A from P. italicum share 84% sequence identity and displayed similar kinetics, although kcat was highest for PdGH12. In contrast, PiGH12B from P. italicum, which has the otherwise conserved Trp in subsite -4 replaced with a Tyr, displayed a 3 times higher KM and a 4 times lower kcat/KM than PiGH12A, but was the most thermostable enzyme of the three Penicillium-derived endoxyloglucanases. The benchmark enzyme AnGH12 from Aspergillus nidulans was more thermally stable and had a higher pH-temperature optimum than the enzymes from Penicillum spp. The difference in structure of the xyloglucan oligosaccharides extracted from citrus peel xyloglucan and tamarind xyloglucan by the new endoxyloglucanases was determined by LC-MS. The inclusion of citrus peel xyloglucan demonstrated that the endoxyloglucanases liberated fucosylated xyloglucan oligomers, implying that these enzymes have the potential to upgrade citrus peel residues to produce oligomers useful as intermediates or bioactive compounds.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kai Li
- Department of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Technical University of Denmark, Søltofts Plads 221, Kgs. Lyngby 2800, Denmark
| | - Kristian Barrett
- Department of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Technical University of Denmark, Søltofts Plads 221, Kgs. Lyngby 2800, Denmark
| | - Jane W Agger
- Department of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Technical University of Denmark, Søltofts Plads 221, Kgs. Lyngby 2800, Denmark
| | - Birgitte Zeuner
- Department of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Technical University of Denmark, Søltofts Plads 221, Kgs. Lyngby 2800, Denmark.
| | - Anne S Meyer
- Department of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Technical University of Denmark, Søltofts Plads 221, Kgs. Lyngby 2800, Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Moya-Gonzálvez EM, Zeuner B, Thorhallsson AT, Holck J, Palomino-Schätzlein M, Rodríguez-Díaz J, Meyer AS, Yebra MJ. Synthesis of fucosyllactose using α-L-fucosidases GH29 from infant gut microbial metagenome. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2024; 108:338. [PMID: 38771321 PMCID: PMC11108932 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-024-13178-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2024] [Revised: 04/23/2024] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
Fucosyl-oligosaccharides (FUS) provide many health benefits to breastfed infants, but they are almost completely absent from bovine milk, which is the basis of infant formula. Therefore, there is a growing interest in the development of enzymatic transfucosylation strategies for the production of FUS. In this work, the α-L-fucosidases Fuc2358 and Fuc5372, previously isolated from the intestinal bacterial metagenome of breastfed infants, were used to synthesize fucosyllactose (FL) by transfucosylation reactions using p-nitrophenyl-α-L-fucopyranoside (pNP-Fuc) as donor and lactose as acceptor. Fuc2358 efficiently synthesized the major fucosylated human milk oligosaccharide (HMO) 2'-fucosyllactose (2'FL) with a 35% yield. Fuc2358 also produced the non-HMO FL isomer 3'-fucosyllactose (3'FL) and traces of non-reducing 1-fucosyllactose (1FL). Fuc5372 showed a lower transfucosylation activity compared to Fuc2358, producing several FL isomers, including 2'FL, 3'FL, and 1FL, with a higher proportion of 3'FL. Site-directed mutagenesis using rational design was performed to increase FUS yields in both α-L-fucosidases, based on structural models and sequence identity analysis. Mutants Fuc2358-F184H, Fuc2358-K286R, and Fuc5372-R230K showed a significantly higher ratio between 2'FL yields and hydrolyzed pNP-Fuc than their respective wild-type enzymes after 4 h of transfucosylation. The results with the Fuc2358-F184W and Fuc5372-W151F mutants showed that the residues F184 of Fuc2358 and W151 of Fuc5372 could have an effect on transfucosylation regioselectivity. Interestingly, phenylalanine increases the selectivity for α-1,2 linkages and tryptophan for α-1,3 linkages. These results give insight into the functionality of the active site amino acids in the transfucosylation activity of the GH29 α-L-fucosidases Fuc2358 and Fuc5372. KEY POINTS: Two α-L-fucosidases from infant gut bacterial microbiomes can fucosylate glycans Transfucosylation efficacy improved by tailored point-mutations in the active site F184 of Fuc2358 and W151 of Fuc5372 seem to steer transglycosylation regioselectivity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eva M Moya-Gonzálvez
- Laboratorio de Bacterias Lácticas y Probióticos, Departamento de Biotecnología de Alimentos, Instituto de Agroquímica y Tecnología de Alimentos (IATA-CSIC), Valencia, Spain
| | - Birgitte Zeuner
- Protein Chemistry and Enzyme Technology, Department of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Albert Th Thorhallsson
- Protein Chemistry and Enzyme Technology, Department of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Jesper Holck
- Protein Chemistry and Enzyme Technology, Department of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark
| | | | - Jesús Rodríguez-Díaz
- Departamento de Microbiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Anne S Meyer
- Protein Chemistry and Enzyme Technology, Department of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark
| | - María J Yebra
- Laboratorio de Bacterias Lácticas y Probióticos, Departamento de Biotecnología de Alimentos, Instituto de Agroquímica y Tecnología de Alimentos (IATA-CSIC), Valencia, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Yang Y, Thorhallsson AT, Rovira C, Holck J, Meyer AS, Yang H, Zeuner B. Improved Enzymatic Production of the Fucosylated Human Milk Oligosaccharide LNFP II with GH29B α-1,3/4-l-Fucosidases. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024; 72:11013-11028. [PMID: 38691641 PMCID: PMC11100010 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.4c01547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Revised: 04/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024]
Abstract
Five GH29B α-1,3/4-l-fucosidases (EC 3.2.1.111) were investigated for their ability to catalyze the formation of the human milk oligosaccharide lacto-N-fucopentaose II (LNFP II) from lacto-N-tetraose (LNT) and 3-fucosyllactose (3FL) via transglycosylation. We studied the effect of pH on transfucosylation and hydrolysis and explored the impact of specific mutations using molecular dynamics simulations. LNFP II yields of 91 and 65% were obtained for the wild-type SpGH29C and CpAfc2 enzymes, respectively, being the highest LNFP II transglycosylation yields reported to date. BbAfcB and BiAfcB are highly hydrolytic enzymes. The results indicate that the effects of pH and buffer systems are enzyme-dependent yet relevant to consider when designing transglycosylation reactions. Replacing Thr284 in BiAfcB with Val resulted in increased transglycosylation yields, while the opposite replacement of Val258 in SpGH29C and Val289 CpAfc2 with Thr decreased the transfucosylation, confirming a role of Thr and Val in controlling the flexibility of the acid/base loop in the enzymes, which in turn affects transglycosylation. The substitution of an Ala residue with His almost abolished secondary hydrolysis in CpAfc2 and BbAfcB. The results are directly applicable in the enhancement of transglycosylation and may have significant implications for manufacturing of LNFP II as a new infant formula ingredient.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yaya Yang
- Section
for Protein Chemistry and Enzyme Technology, Department of Biotechnology
and Biomedicine, DTU Bioengineering, Technical
University of Denmark, Building 221, Kgs. Lyngby DK-2800, Denmark
- School
of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu
University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Albert Thor Thorhallsson
- Section
for Protein Chemistry and Enzyme Technology, Department of Biotechnology
and Biomedicine, DTU Bioengineering, Technical
University of Denmark, Building 221, Kgs. Lyngby DK-2800, Denmark
| | - Carme Rovira
- Departament
de Química Inorgànica i Orgànica &
IQTCUB, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona 08028, Spain
- Institució
Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), Barcelona 08020, Spain
| | - Jesper Holck
- Section
for Protein Chemistry and Enzyme Technology, Department of Biotechnology
and Biomedicine, DTU Bioengineering, Technical
University of Denmark, Building 221, Kgs. Lyngby DK-2800, Denmark
| | - Anne S. Meyer
- Section
for Protein Chemistry and Enzyme Technology, Department of Biotechnology
and Biomedicine, DTU Bioengineering, Technical
University of Denmark, Building 221, Kgs. Lyngby DK-2800, Denmark
| | - Huan Yang
- School
of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu
University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Birgitte Zeuner
- Section
for Protein Chemistry and Enzyme Technology, Department of Biotechnology
and Biomedicine, DTU Bioengineering, Technical
University of Denmark, Building 221, Kgs. Lyngby DK-2800, Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Li T, Li J, Yan Q, Yang S, Jiang Z. Biochemical characterization of a novel β-galactosidase from Lacticaseibacillus zeae and its application in synthesis of lacto-N-tetraose. J Dairy Sci 2023; 106:6623-6634. [PMID: 37210349 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2023-23221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2023] [Accepted: 04/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Lacto-N-tetraose (LNT) is one of the most important components of human milk oligosaccharides, which has various beneficial health effects. β-Galactosidase is an important enzyme used in dairy processing. The transglycosylation activity of β-galactosidases offers an attractive approach for LNT synthesis. In this study, we reported for the first time the biochemical characterization of a novel β-galactosidase (LzBgal35A) from Lacticaseibacillus zeae. LzBgal35A belongs to glycoside hydrolases (GH) family 35 and shared the highest identity of 59.9% with other reported GH 35 members. The enzyme was expressed as soluble protein in Escherichia coli. The purified LzBgal35A displayed optimal activity at pH 4.5 and 55°C. It was stable within the pH range of 3.5 to 7.0 and up to 60°C. Moreover, LzBgal35A could catalyze the synthesis of LNT via transferring the galactose residue from o-nitrophenyl-β-galactopyranoside to lacto-N-triose II. Under optimal conditions, the conversion rate of LNT reached 45.4% (6.4 g/L) within 2 h, which was by far the highest yield of LNT synthesized through a β-galactosidase-mediated transglycosylation reaction. This study demonstrated that LzBgal35A has great potential application in LNT synthesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ting Li
- Department of Nutrition and Health, College of Engineering, China Agricultural University, Haidian District, Beijing 100083, PR China
| | - Jing Li
- Key Laboratory of China National Light Industry and Food Bioengineering, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Haidian District, Beijing 100083, PR China
| | - Qiaojuan Yan
- Department of Nutrition and Health, College of Engineering, China Agricultural University, Haidian District, Beijing 100083, PR China; College of Food Science and Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics, Nanjing 210023, PR China
| | - Shaoqing Yang
- Key Laboratory of China National Light Industry and Food Bioengineering, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Haidian District, Beijing 100083, PR China
| | - Zhengqiang Jiang
- Key Laboratory of China National Light Industry and Food Bioengineering, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Haidian District, Beijing 100083, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Yang L, Zhu Y, Zhang W, Mu W. Recent progress in health effects and biosynthesis of lacto- N-tetraose, the most dominant core structure of human milk oligosaccharide. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2023:1-10. [PMID: 36744615 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2023.2175197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs), which are a group of complex carbohydrates highly abundant in human milk, have been recognized as critical functional biomolecules for infant health. Lacto-N-tetraose (LNT) is one of the most abundant HMO members and the most dominant core structure of HMO. The promising physiological effects of LNT have been well documented, including prebiotic property, antiadhesive antimicrobial activity, and antiviral effect. Its safety has been evaluated and it has been commercially added to infant formula as a functional ingredient. Because of great commercial importance of LNT, increasing attention has been paid to its highly efficient biological production. In particular, microbial synthesis based on metabolic engineering displays obvious advantages in large-scale production of LNT. This review contains important information about the recent progress in physiological effects, safety evaluation, and biosynthesis of LNT.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Longhao Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yingying Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wenli Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wanmeng Mu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
- International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Zheng J, Xu H, Fang J, Zhang X. Enzymatic and chemoenzymatic synthesis of human milk oligosaccharides and derivatives. Carbohydr Polym 2022; 291:119564. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2022.119564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Revised: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
|
7
|
Cuxart I, Coines J, Esquivias O, Faijes M, Planas A, Biarnés X, Rovira C. Enzymatic Hydrolysis of Human Milk Oligosaccharides. The Molecular Mechanism of Bifidobacterium Bifidum Lacto- N-biosidase. ACS Catal 2022; 12:4737-4743. [PMID: 35465242 PMCID: PMC9016705 DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.2c00309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Revised: 03/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
![]()
Bifidobacterium
bifidum lacto-N-biosidase (LnbB)
is a critical enzyme for the degradation
of human milk oligosaccharides in the gut microbiota of breast-fed
infants. Guided by recent crystal structures, we unveil its molecular
mechanism of catalysis using QM/MM metadynamics. We show that the
oligosaccharide substrate follows 1S3/1,4B → [4E]‡ → 4C1/4H5 and 4C1/4H5 → [4E/4H5]‡ → 1,4B conformational itineraries for the two
successive reaction steps, with reaction free energy barriers in agreement
with experiments. The simulations also identify a critical histidine
(His263) that switches between two orientations to modulate the pKa of the acid/base residue, facilitating catalysis.
The reaction intermediate of LnbB is best depicted as an oxazolinium
ion, with a minor population of neutral oxazoline. The present study
sheds light on the processing of oligosaccharides of the early life
microbiota and will be useful for the engineering of LnbB and similar
glycosidases for biocatalysis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Irene Cuxart
- Departament de Química Inorgànica i Orgànica & IQTCUB, Universitat de Barcelona, Martí i Franquès 1, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Joan Coines
- Departament de Química Inorgànica i Orgànica & IQTCUB, Universitat de Barcelona, Martí i Franquès 1, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Oriol Esquivias
- Departament de Química Inorgànica i Orgànica & IQTCUB, Universitat de Barcelona, Martí i Franquès 1, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Magda Faijes
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Institut Químic de Sarrià, Universitat Ramon Llull, Via Augusta 390, 08017 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Antoni Planas
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Institut Químic de Sarrià, Universitat Ramon Llull, Via Augusta 390, 08017 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Xevi Biarnés
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Institut Químic de Sarrià, Universitat Ramon Llull, Via Augusta 390, 08017 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carme Rovira
- Departament de Química Inorgànica i Orgànica & IQTCUB, Universitat de Barcelona, Martí i Franquès 1, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), Passeig Lluís Companys, 23, 08020 Barcelona, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Engineered Glycosidases for the Synthesis of Analogs of Human Milk Oligosaccharides. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23084106. [PMID: 35456924 PMCID: PMC9027921 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23084106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Revised: 04/02/2022] [Accepted: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Enzymatic synthesis is an elegant biocompatible approach to complex compounds such as human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs). These compounds are vital for healthy neonatal development with a positive impact on the immune system. Although HMOs may be prepared by glycosyltransferases, this pathway is often complicated by the high price of sugar nucleotides, stringent substrate specificity, and low enzyme stability. Engineered glycosidases (EC 3.2.1) represent a good synthetic alternative, especially if variations in the substrate structure are desired. Site-directed mutagenesis can improve the synthetic process with higher yields and/or increased reaction selectivity. So far, the synthesis of human milk oligosaccharides by glycosidases has mostly been limited to analytical reactions with mass spectrometry detection. The present work reveals the potential of a library of engineered glycosidases in the preparative synthesis of three tetrasaccharides derived from lacto-N-tetraose (Galβ4GlcNAcβ3Galβ4Glc), employing sequential cascade reactions catalyzed by β3-N-acetylhexosaminidase BbhI from Bifidobacterium bifidum, β4-galactosidase BgaD-B from Bacillus circulans, β4-N-acetylgalactosaminidase from Talaromyces flavus, and β3-galactosynthase BgaC from B. circulans. The reaction products were isolated and structurally characterized. This work expands the insight into the multi-step catalysis by glycosidases and shows the path to modified derivatives of complex carbohydrates that cannot be prepared by standard glycosyltransferase methods.
Collapse
|
9
|
Physicochemical factors of bioprocessing impact the stability of therapeutic proteins. Biotechnol Adv 2022; 55:107909. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2022.107909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2021] [Revised: 01/09/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
|