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Sharma J, Kumar S, Kumar V, Singh P, Khyalia P, Saini S, Sharma P, Kumar A, Sharma A. Stress-mitigating behavior of glycine betaine to enhance growth performance by suppressing the oxidative stress in Pb-stressed barley genotypes. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:7498-7513. [PMID: 38158536 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-31731-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
The toxicity of lead (Pb) in agricultural soil is constantly increasing as a result of anthropogenic activities. Pb is one of the most phytotoxic metals in soil that accumulates in plant tissue, resulting in yield loss. It is currently becoming more popular to supplement glycine betaine (GB) for Pb-induced stress tolerance in crop plants. Currently, no report describes the use of GB as a stress mitigator for growth attributes and stress-specific biomarkers in barley plants under Pb stress conditions. Hence, the present research was designed to examine the stress-mitigating behavior of GB on various growth attributes including germination percentage, seed vigor index (SVI), radicle length, plant biomass (fresh and dry), shoot and root length, physiological attributes such as relative water content (RWC), and stress-specific biomarkers like electrolyte leakage (EL), and H2O2 content of two barley varieties viz. BH959 and BH946 at three Pb stress treatments (15 mM, 25 mM, and 35 mM), with and without GB (2 mM) supplementation in natural conditions. The present investigation showed that at the highest Pb stress (35 mM), the germination rate was reduced to zero, and the growth attributes and RWC of both barley varieties were also reduced as compared to the non-stressed plants (control) with an increase in Pb treatment. However, EL up to 70% and H2O2 content up to 30% increased with an increase in Pb stress concentration indicated by ROS accumulation, resulting in more oxidative stress. Additionally, GB application alleviated the toxic effect of Pb stress by improving the rate of germination by 33.3% and growth performance by reducing the ROS accumulation in terms of reducing stress biomarkers H2O2 by 25%, and EL by 12%. It has been revealed that the application of GB can minimize or reduce the toxic effects caused by Pb toxicity in both varieties, positively modulating plant growth performances and lowering oxidative stress. This research may provide a scientific basis for assessing Pb tolerance in barley plants and developing alternative approaches to protecting them from the severe effects of Pb toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jyoti Sharma
- Department of Botany, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, 124001, Haryana, India
| | - Sandeep Kumar
- Department of Botany, Baba Mast Nath University, Rohtak, 124001, Haryana, India
| | - Vikram Kumar
- Department of Botany, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, 124001, Haryana, India
| | - Pooja Singh
- Department of Botany, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, 124001, Haryana, India
| | - Pradeep Khyalia
- Department of Environmental Science, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, 124001, Haryana, India
| | - Sakshi Saini
- Department of Botany, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, 124001, Haryana, India
| | - Priyanka Sharma
- Department of Botany, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, 124001, Haryana, India
| | - Ajay Kumar
- Department of Botany, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, 124001, Haryana, India
| | - Asha Sharma
- Department of Botany, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, 124001, Haryana, India.
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Pour-Aboughadareh A, Koohkan S, Zali H, Marzooghian A, Gholipour A, Kheirgo M, Barati A, Bocianowski J, Askari-Kelestani A. Identification of High-Yielding Genotypes of Barley in the Warm Regions of Iran. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:3837. [PMID: 38005734 PMCID: PMC10675262 DOI: 10.3390/plants12223837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Revised: 11/11/2023] [Accepted: 11/12/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023]
Abstract
One of the most important effects of climatic changes is increasing temperatures and expanding water deficit stress in tropical and subtropical regions. As the fourth most important cereal crop, barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) is crucial for food and feed security, as well as for a sustainable agricultural system. The present study investigates 56 promising barley genotypes, along with four local varieties (Norooz, Oxin, Golchin, and Negin) in four locations to identify high-yielding and adapted genotypes in the warm climate of Iran. Genotypes were tested in an alpha lattice design with six blocks, which were repeated three times. Traits measured were the number of days to heading and maturity, plant height, thousand kernels weight, and grain yield. A combined analysis of variance showed the significant effects of genotypes (G), environments (E), and their interaction (GEI) on all measured traits. Application of the additive main-effect and multiplicative interaction (AMMI) model to the grain yield data showed that GEI was divided into three significant components (IPCAs), and each accounted for 50.93%, 30.60%, and 18.47%, respectively. Two selection indices [Smith-Hazel (SH) and multiple trait selection index (MTSI)] identified G18, G24, G29, and G57 as desirable genotypes at the four test locations. Using several BLUP-based indices, such as the harmonic mean of genotypic values (HMGV), the relative performance of genotypic values (RPGV), and the harmonic mean of the relative performance of genotypic values (HMRPGV), genotypes G6, G11, G22, G24, G29, G38, G52, and G57 were identified as superior genotypes. The application of GGE analysis identified G6, G24, G29, G52, and G57 as the high-yielding and most stable genotypes. Considering all statistical models, genotypes G24, G29, and G57 can be used, as they are well-adapted to the test locations in warm regions of Iran.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alireza Pour-Aboughadareh
- Seed and Plant Improvement Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj P.O. Box 31587-77871, Iran;
| | - Shirali Koohkan
- Crop and Horticultural Science Research Department, Sistan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Zabol P.O. Box 98616-44534, Iran;
| | - Hassan Zali
- Crop and Horticultural Science Research Department, Fars Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Darab P.O. Box 71558-63511, Iran; (H.Z.); (A.A.-K.)
| | - Akbar Marzooghian
- Crop and Horticultural Science Research Department, Khuzestan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Ahvaz P.O. Box 61335-3341, Iran;
| | - Ahmad Gholipour
- Crop and Horticultural Science Research Department, Golestan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Gonbad P.O. Box 49156-77555, Iran; (A.G.); (M.K.)
| | - Masoome Kheirgo
- Crop and Horticultural Science Research Department, Golestan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Gonbad P.O. Box 49156-77555, Iran; (A.G.); (M.K.)
| | - Ali Barati
- Seed and Plant Improvement Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj P.O. Box 31587-77871, Iran;
| | - Jan Bocianowski
- Department of Mathematical and Statistical Methods, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 28, 60-637 Poznan, Poland;
| | - Alireza Askari-Kelestani
- Crop and Horticultural Science Research Department, Fars Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Darab P.O. Box 71558-63511, Iran; (H.Z.); (A.A.-K.)
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Pour-Aboughadareh A, Ghazvini H, Jasemi SS, Mohammadi S, Razavi SA, Chaichi M, Ghasemi Kalkhoran M, Monirifar H, Tajali H, Fathihafshjani A, Bocianowski J. Selection of High-Yielding and Stable Genotypes of Barley for the Cold Climate in Iran. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:2410. [PMID: 37446971 DOI: 10.3390/plants12132410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2023] [Revised: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023]
Abstract
The interaction between genotypes and environments plays an important role in selecting superior genotypes for target locations. The main objectives of the present study were to analyze the effect of the genotype-by-environment interaction (GEI) and identify superior, newly developed, and promising barley genotypes for cold regions in Iran. For these purposes, a set of genotypes obtained from breeding programs for cold climates in Iran, along with two reference genotypes, were investigated at eight research stations (Tabriz, Ardabil, Arak, Miandoab, Mashhad, Jolge Rokh, Karaj, and Hamadan) during two consecutive growing seasons (2019-2020 and 2020-2021). The results of the freezing test (LT50) showed that most of the tested genotypes had significant cold tolerance at the seedling stage. Based on the additive main effect and multiplicative interaction (AMMI) analysis, environment (E) and GEI effects explained 49.44% and 16.55% of the total variation in grain yield, respectively. Using AMMI1 and AMMI2 models, G2 and G20 were found to be superior genotypes in terms of grain yield and stability. Moreover, AMMI-based stability parameters considered the G20 genotype to be the ideal genotype. A two-plot analysis of the genotype-by-environment interaction (GGE) biplot showed that the 16 experimental environments were grouped into 2 mega-environments. Of the test environments, ARK1 and KAJ2 had the highest discriminating power and representativeness ability, and these were identified as ideal environments for testing advanced genotypes for yield and stability performance during early barley breeding practices in cold areas in Iran. In conclusion, both AMMI and GGE biplot models identified several superior genotypes, among which G20, with a high average yield relative to the overall average yield and the lowest IPC1 score, was found to have high yield stability and is recommended for inclusion in breeding programs for cold climates in Iran.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alireza Pour-Aboughadareh
- Seed and Plant Improvement Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj P.O. Box 31587-77871, Iran
| | - Habibollah Ghazvini
- Seed and Plant Improvement Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj P.O. Box 31587-77871, Iran
| | - Seyed Shahriyar Jasemi
- Seed and Plant Improvement Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj P.O. Box 31587-77871, Iran
| | - Solaiman Mohammadi
- Field and Horticultural Crops Research Department, Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center of West-Azarbayjan Province, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization, Urmia P.O. Box 57169-63963, Iran
| | - Sayed Alireza Razavi
- Field and Horticultural Crops Research Department, Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center of Khorasan Razavi Province, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization, Mashhad P.O. Box 91769-83641, Iran
| | - Mehrdad Chaichi
- Field and Horticultural Crops Research Department, Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center of Hamedan Province, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization, Hamedan P.O. Box 65199-91169, Iran
| | - Marefat Ghasemi Kalkhoran
- Field and Horticultural Crops Research Department, Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center of Ardabil (Moghan) Province, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization, Ardabil P.O. Box 56951-57451, Iran
| | - Hassan Monirifar
- Crop and Horticultural Science Research Department, East Azarbaijan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Tabriz P.O. Box 51537-15898, Iran
| | - Hamid Tajali
- Field and Horticultural Crops Research Department, Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center of Khorasan Razavi Province, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization, Mashhad P.O. Box 91769-83641, Iran
| | - Asadollah Fathihafshjani
- Field and Horticultural Crops Research Department, Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center of Markazi Province, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization, Arak P.O. Box 38135-889, Iran
| | - Jan Bocianowski
- Department of Mathematical and Statistical Methods, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 28, 60-637 Poznań, Poland
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Roychowdhury R, Das SP, Gupta A, Parihar P, Chandrasekhar K, Sarker U, Kumar A, Ramrao DP, Sudhakar C. Multi-Omics Pipeline and Omics-Integration Approach to Decipher Plant's Abiotic Stress Tolerance Responses. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:1281. [PMID: 37372461 DOI: 10.3390/genes14061281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Revised: 06/03/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The present day's ongoing global warming and climate change adversely affect plants through imposing environmental (abiotic) stresses and disease pressure. The major abiotic factors such as drought, heat, cold, salinity, etc., hamper a plant's innate growth and development, resulting in reduced yield and quality, with the possibility of undesired traits. In the 21st century, the advent of high-throughput sequencing tools, state-of-the-art biotechnological techniques and bioinformatic analyzing pipelines led to the easy characterization of plant traits for abiotic stress response and tolerance mechanisms by applying the 'omics' toolbox. Panomics pipeline including genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, metabolomics, epigenomics, proteogenomics, interactomics, ionomics, phenomics, etc., have become very handy nowadays. This is important to produce climate-smart future crops with a proper understanding of the molecular mechanisms of abiotic stress responses by the plant's genes, transcripts, proteins, epigenome, cellular metabolic circuits and resultant phenotype. Instead of mono-omics, two or more (hence 'multi-omics') integrated-omics approaches can decipher the plant's abiotic stress tolerance response very well. Multi-omics-characterized plants can be used as potent genetic resources to incorporate into the future breeding program. For the practical utility of crop improvement, multi-omics approaches for particular abiotic stress tolerance can be combined with genome-assisted breeding (GAB) by being pyramided with improved crop yield, food quality and associated agronomic traits and can open a new era of omics-assisted breeding. Thus, multi-omics pipelines together are able to decipher molecular processes, biomarkers, targets for genetic engineering, regulatory networks and precision agriculture solutions for a crop's variable abiotic stress tolerance to ensure food security under changing environmental circumstances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajib Roychowdhury
- Department of Plant Pathology and Weed Research, Institute of Plant Protection, Agricultural Research Organization (ARO)-The Volcani Institute, Rishon Lezion 7505101, Israel
| | - Soumya Prakash Das
- School of Bioscience, Seacom Skills University, Bolpur 731236, West Bengal, India
| | - Amber Gupta
- Dr. Vikram Sarabhai Institute of Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science, Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda, Vadodara 390002, Gujarat, India
| | - Parul Parihar
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioscience, Banasthali Vidyapith, Banasthali 304022, Rajasthan, India
| | - Kottakota Chandrasekhar
- Department of Plant Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Sri Krishnadevaraya College of Agricultural Sciences (SKCAS), Affiliated to Acharya N.G. Ranga Agricultural University (ANGRAU), Guntur 522034, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Umakanta Sarker
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur 1706, Bangladesh
| | - Ajay Kumar
- Department of Botany, Maharshi Vishwamitra (M.V.) College, Buxar 802102, Bihar, India
| | - Devade Pandurang Ramrao
- Department of Biotechnology, Mizoram University, Pachhunga University College Campus, Aizawl 796001, Mizoram, India
| | - Chinta Sudhakar
- Plant Molecular Biology Laboratory, Department of Botany, Sri Krishnadevaraya University, Anantapur 515003, Andhra Pradesh, India
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Ajayi OO, Bregitzer P, Klos K, Hu G, Walling JG, Mahalingam R. QTL mapping of shoot and seed traits impacted by Drought in Barley using a recombinant inbred line Population. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2023; 23:283. [PMID: 37245001 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-023-04292-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND With ongoing climate change, drought events are severely limiting barley production worldwide and pose a significant risk to the malting, brewing and food industry. The genetic diversity inherent in the barley germplasm offers an important resource to develop stress resiliency. The purpose of this study was to identify novel, stable, and adaptive Quantitative Trait Loci (QTL), and candidate genes associated with drought tolerance. A recombinant inbred line (RIL) population (n = 192) developed from a cross between the drought tolerant 'Otis' barley variety, and susceptible 'Golden Promise'(GP) was subjected to short-term progressive drought during heading in the biotron. This population was also evaluated under irrigated and rainfed conditions in the field for yields and seed protein content. RESULTS Barley 50k iSelect SNP Array was used to genotype the RIL population to elucidate drought-adaptive QTL. Twenty-three QTL (eleven for seed weight, eight for shoot dry weight and four for protein content) were identified across several barley chromosomes. QTL analysis identified genomic regions on chromosome 2 and 5 H that appear to be stable across both environments and accounted for nearly 60% variation in shoot weight and 17.6% variation in seed protein content. QTL at approximately 29 Mbp on chromosome 2 H and 488 Mbp on chromosome 5 H are in very close proximity to ascorbate peroxidase (APX) and in the coding sequence of the Dirigent (DIR) gene, respectively. Both APX and DIR are well-known key players in abiotic stress tolerance in several plants. In the quest to identify key recombinants with improved tolerance to drought (like Otis) and good malting profiles (like GP), five drought tolerant RILs were selected for malt quality analysis. The selected drought tolerant RILs exhibited one or more traits that were outside the realms of the suggested limits for acceptable commercial malting quality. CONCLUSIONS The candidate genes can be used for marker assisted selection and/or genetic manipulation to develop barley cultivars with improved tolerance to drought. RILs with genetic network reshuffling necessary to generate drought tolerance of Otis and favorable malting quality attributes of GP may be realized by screening a larger population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oyeyemi O Ajayi
- Cereal Crops Research Unit, USDA-ARS, 502 Walnut Street, Madison, WI, 53762, USA
| | - Phil Bregitzer
- Small Grains and Potato Germplasm Research, USDA-ARS, Aberdeen, ID, USA
| | - Kathy Klos
- Small Grains and Potato Germplasm Research, USDA-ARS, Aberdeen, ID, USA
| | - Gongshe Hu
- Small Grains and Potato Germplasm Research, USDA-ARS, Aberdeen, ID, USA
| | - Jason G Walling
- Cereal Crops Research Unit, USDA-ARS, 502 Walnut Street, Madison, WI, 53762, USA
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Physiological and Molecular Responses of Barley Genotypes to Salinity Stress. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:genes13112040. [DOI: 10.3390/genes13112040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2022] [Revised: 10/30/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Among cereals, barley is tolerant to high levels of salinity stress; however, its performance and global production are still dramatically affected by salinity. In this study, we evaluated the behavior of a set of advanced genotypes of barley with aim of assessing the physiological and molecular mechanisms involved in salinity tolerance. The experiment was conducted using a hydroponic system at optimal growing temperature and photoperiod conditions. The results of the analysis of variance (ANOVA) showed significant effects for salinity treatments and genotypes in terms of all measured traits. Salinity stress significantly increased the root and shoot Na+ contents and root-to-shoot Na+ and K+ translocations. In contrast, other physiological features, gas exchange-related traits, as well as root and shoot biomasses were significantly decreased due to salinity stress. Based on the results of the multi-trait genotype ideotype distance index (MGIDI) as a multiple-traits method, G12 and G14 were identified as the superior salt-tolerant advanced genotypes. In the molecular analysis, salinity stress significantly increased the mean relative expression of HvSOS1, HvSOS3, HvHKT2, HvHKT3, HvNHX1, and HvNHX3 genes by 12.87-, 3.16-, 3.65-, 2.54-, 2.19-, and 3.18-fold more than the control conditions, respectively. The results of heatmap-based correlation and principal component analysis (PCA) revealed a clear association pattern among measured traits and expression data. Indeed, these associations confirmed relationships between tolerance pathways and physiological functions. In conclusion, the genotype G14 (D10*2/4/Productive/3/Roho//Alger/Ceres362-1-1) responded well to salinity stress and showed a better expression pattern of studied genes than other genotypes. Hence, this promising genotype can be a candidate for further assessments before commercial introduction.
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Association Analysis for Some Biochemical Traits in Wild Relatives of Wheat under Drought Stress Conditions. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:genes13081491. [PMID: 36011403 PMCID: PMC9408274 DOI: 10.3390/genes13081491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Revised: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In the present study, we estimated genetic diversity and population structure in 186 accessions of Triticum and Aegilops species using 24 simple sequence repeat markers (SSR). Furthermore, an association analysis was performed for antioxidant activities, including guaiacol peroxidase (GPX), ascorbate peroxidase (APX), peroxidase (POX), catalase (CAT), and dry matter (DM) under two control and drought stress conditions. Our findings showed that drought treatment significantly decreased DM, whereas activities of all antioxidant enzymes were increased compared to the control conditions. The results of correlation analysis indicated that, under drought stress conditions, all biochemical traits had a positive and significant association with each other and with dry matter. In the molecular section, the results of the analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) indicated that the molecular variation within species is more than within them. The dendrogram obtained by cluster analysis showed that grouping the investigated accessions was in accordance with their genomic constitutions. The results of association analysis revealed 8 and 9 significant marker–trait associations (MTA) under control and drought stress conditions, respectively. Among identified MTAs, two associations were simultaneously found in both growing conditions. Moreover, several SSR markers were associated with multiple traits across both conditions. In conclusion, our results could provide worthwhile information regarding marker-assisted selection for the activity of antioxidant enzymes in future breeding programs.
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