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Campiglio CE, Carcano A, Draghi L. RGD-pectin microfiber patches for guiding muscle tissue regeneration. J Biomed Mater Res A 2021; 110:515-524. [PMID: 34423891 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.37301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Revised: 08/05/2021] [Accepted: 08/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Opportunely arranged microscaled fibers offer an attractive 3D architecture for tissue regeneration as they may enhance and stimulate specific tissue regrowth. Among different scaffolding options, encapsulating cells in degradable hydrogel microfibers appears as particularly attractive strategy. Hydrogel patches, in fact, offer a highly hydrated environment, allow easy incorporation of biologically active molecules, and can easily adapt to implantation site. In addition, microfiber architecture is intrinsically porous and can improve mass transport, vascularization, and cell survival after grafting. Anionic polysaccharides, as pectin or the more popular alginate, represent a particularly promising choice for the fabrication of cell-laden patches, due to their extremely mild gelation in the presence of divalent ions and widely accepted biocompatibility. In this study, to combine the favorable properties of hydrogel and fibrous architecture, a simple coaxial flow wet-spinning system was used to prepare cell-laden, 3D fibrous patches using RGD-modified pectin. Rapid fabrication of coherent self-standing patches, with diameter in the range of 100-200 μm and high cell density, was possible by accurate choice of pectin and calcium ions concentrations. Cells were homogeneously dispersed throughout the microfibers and remained highly viable for up to 2 weeks, when the initial stage of myotubes formation was observed. Modified-pectin microfibers appear as promising scaffold to support muscle tissue regeneration, due to their inherent porosity, the favorable cell-material interaction, and the possibility to guide cell alignment toward a functional tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Emma Campiglio
- Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering "G. Natta", Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy.,INSTM-National Interuniversity Consortium of Materials Science and Technology, Local Unit Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Anna Carcano
- Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering "G. Natta", Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Lorenza Draghi
- Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering "G. Natta", Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy.,INSTM-National Interuniversity Consortium of Materials Science and Technology, Local Unit Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy
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Contessi Negrini N, Lipreri MV, Tanzi MC, Farè S. In vitro cell delivery by gelatin microspheres prepared in water-in-oil emulsion. JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE. MATERIALS IN MEDICINE 2020; 31:26. [PMID: 32060637 DOI: 10.1007/s10856-020-6363-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2019] [Accepted: 01/27/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The regeneration of injured or damaged tissues by cell delivery approaches requires the fabrication of cell carriers (e.g., microspheres, MS) that allow for cell delivery to limit cells spreading from the injection site. Ideal MS for cell delivery should allow for cells adhesion and proliferation on the MS before the injection, while they should allow for viable cells release after the injection to promote the damaged tissue regeneration. We optimized a water-in-oil emulsion method to obtain gelatin MS crosslinked by methylenebisacrylamide (MBA). The method we propose allowed obtaining spherical, chemically crosslinked MS characterized by a percentage crosslinking degree of 74.5 ± 2.1%. The chemically crosslinked gelatin MS are characterized by a diameter of 70.9 ± 17.2 μm in the dry state and, at swelling plateau in culture medium at 37 °C, by a diameter of 169.3 ± 41.3 μm. The MS show dimensional stability up to 28 days, after which they undergo complete degradation. Moreover, during their degradation, MS release gelatin that can improve the engraftment of cells in the injured site. The produced MS did not induce any cytotoxic effect in vitro and they supported viable L929 fibroblasts adhesion and proliferation. The MS released viable cells able to colonize and proliferate on the tissue culture plastic, used as release substrate, potentially proving their ability in supporting a simplified in vitro wound healing process, thus representing an optimal tool for cell delivery applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicola Contessi Negrini
- Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering "G. Natta", Politecnico di Milano, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133, Milan, Italy.
- INSTM, National Interuniversity Consortium of Materials Science and Technology, Local Unit Politecnico di Milano, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133, Milan, Italy.
| | - Maria Veronica Lipreri
- Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering "G. Natta", Politecnico di Milano, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Maria Cristina Tanzi
- INSTM, National Interuniversity Consortium of Materials Science and Technology, Local Unit Politecnico di Milano, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Silvia Farè
- Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering "G. Natta", Politecnico di Milano, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133, Milan, Italy
- INSTM, National Interuniversity Consortium of Materials Science and Technology, Local Unit Politecnico di Milano, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133, Milan, Italy
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Fiorati A, Contessi Negrini N, Baschenis E, Altomare L, Faré S, Giacometti Schieroni A, Piovani D, Mendichi R, Ferro M, Castiglione F, Mele A, Punta C, Melone L. TEMPO-Nanocellulose/Ca 2+ Hydrogels: Ibuprofen Drug Diffusion and In Vitro Cytocompatibility. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 13:E183. [PMID: 31906423 PMCID: PMC6981511 DOI: 10.3390/ma13010183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2019] [Revised: 12/28/2019] [Accepted: 12/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Stable hydrogels with tunable rheological properties were prepared by adding Ca2+ ions to aqueous dispersions of 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine 1-oxyl (TEMPO)-oxidized and ultra-sonicated cellulose nanofibers (TOUS-CNFs). The gelation occurred by interaction among polyvalent cations and the carboxylic units introduced on TOUS-CNFs during the oxidation process. Both dynamic viscosity values and pseudoplastic rheological behaviour increased by increasing the Ca2+ concentration, confirming the cross-linking action of the bivalent cation. The hydrogels were proved to be suitable controlled release systems by measuring the diffusion coefficient of a drug model (ibuprofen, IB) by high-resolution magic angle spinning (HR-MAS) nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. IB was used both as free molecule and as a 1:1 pre-formed complex with β-cyclodextrin (IB/β-CD), showing in this latter case a lower diffusion coefficient. Finally, the cytocompatibility of the TOUS-CNFs/Ca2+ hydrogels was demonstrated in vitro by indirect and direct tests conducted on a L929 murine fibroblast cell line, achieving a percentage number of viable cells after 7 days higher than 70%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Fiorati
- Department of Chemistry, Materials, and Chemical Engineering “G. Natta”—Politecnico di Milano, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, I-20133 Milano, Italy; (N.C.N.); (E.B.); (L.A.); (S.F.); (M.F.); (F.C.); (A.M.); (C.P.)
- INSTM, National Consortium of Materials Science and Technology, Local Unit Politecnico di Milano, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Nicola Contessi Negrini
- Department of Chemistry, Materials, and Chemical Engineering “G. Natta”—Politecnico di Milano, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, I-20133 Milano, Italy; (N.C.N.); (E.B.); (L.A.); (S.F.); (M.F.); (F.C.); (A.M.); (C.P.)
- INSTM, National Consortium of Materials Science and Technology, Local Unit Politecnico di Milano, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Elena Baschenis
- Department of Chemistry, Materials, and Chemical Engineering “G. Natta”—Politecnico di Milano, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, I-20133 Milano, Italy; (N.C.N.); (E.B.); (L.A.); (S.F.); (M.F.); (F.C.); (A.M.); (C.P.)
| | - Lina Altomare
- Department of Chemistry, Materials, and Chemical Engineering “G. Natta”—Politecnico di Milano, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, I-20133 Milano, Italy; (N.C.N.); (E.B.); (L.A.); (S.F.); (M.F.); (F.C.); (A.M.); (C.P.)
- INSTM, National Consortium of Materials Science and Technology, Local Unit Politecnico di Milano, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Silvia Faré
- Department of Chemistry, Materials, and Chemical Engineering “G. Natta”—Politecnico di Milano, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, I-20133 Milano, Italy; (N.C.N.); (E.B.); (L.A.); (S.F.); (M.F.); (F.C.); (A.M.); (C.P.)
- INSTM, National Consortium of Materials Science and Technology, Local Unit Politecnico di Milano, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Alberto Giacometti Schieroni
- Istituto di Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche (SCITEC-CNR), Via A. Corti 12, 20133 Milano, Italy; (A.G.S.); (D.P.); (R.M.)
| | - Daniele Piovani
- Istituto di Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche (SCITEC-CNR), Via A. Corti 12, 20133 Milano, Italy; (A.G.S.); (D.P.); (R.M.)
| | - Raniero Mendichi
- Istituto di Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche (SCITEC-CNR), Via A. Corti 12, 20133 Milano, Italy; (A.G.S.); (D.P.); (R.M.)
| | - Monica Ferro
- Department of Chemistry, Materials, and Chemical Engineering “G. Natta”—Politecnico di Milano, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, I-20133 Milano, Italy; (N.C.N.); (E.B.); (L.A.); (S.F.); (M.F.); (F.C.); (A.M.); (C.P.)
| | - Franca Castiglione
- Department of Chemistry, Materials, and Chemical Engineering “G. Natta”—Politecnico di Milano, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, I-20133 Milano, Italy; (N.C.N.); (E.B.); (L.A.); (S.F.); (M.F.); (F.C.); (A.M.); (C.P.)
| | - Andrea Mele
- Department of Chemistry, Materials, and Chemical Engineering “G. Natta”—Politecnico di Milano, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, I-20133 Milano, Italy; (N.C.N.); (E.B.); (L.A.); (S.F.); (M.F.); (F.C.); (A.M.); (C.P.)
- Istituto di Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche (SCITEC-CNR), Via A. Corti 12, 20133 Milano, Italy; (A.G.S.); (D.P.); (R.M.)
| | - Carlo Punta
- Department of Chemistry, Materials, and Chemical Engineering “G. Natta”—Politecnico di Milano, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, I-20133 Milano, Italy; (N.C.N.); (E.B.); (L.A.); (S.F.); (M.F.); (F.C.); (A.M.); (C.P.)
- INSTM, National Consortium of Materials Science and Technology, Local Unit Politecnico di Milano, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Lucio Melone
- Department of Chemistry, Materials, and Chemical Engineering “G. Natta”—Politecnico di Milano, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, I-20133 Milano, Italy; (N.C.N.); (E.B.); (L.A.); (S.F.); (M.F.); (F.C.); (A.M.); (C.P.)
- INSTM, National Consortium of Materials Science and Technology, Local Unit Politecnico di Milano, 20133 Milano, Italy
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Campiglio CE, Bidarra SJ, Draghi L, Barrias CC. Bottom-up engineering of cell-laden hydrogel microfibrous patch for guided tissue regeneration. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2019; 108:110488. [PMID: 31924002 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2019.110488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2019] [Revised: 10/30/2019] [Accepted: 11/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
The development of three-dimensional (3D) fibrous networks as platforms for tissue engineering applications has been attracting considerable attention. Opportunely arranged microscaled fibers offer an appealing biomimetic 3D architecture, with an open porous structure and a high surface-to-volume ratio. The present work describes the development of modified-alginate hydrogel microfibers for cell entrapment, using a purpose-designed flow circuit. For microfibers biofabrication, cells were suspended in gel-precursor alginate solution and injected in a closed-loop circuit with circulating cross-linking solution. The flow promoted stretching and solidification of continuous cell-loaded micro-scaled fibers that were collected in a strainer, assembling into a microfibrous patch. The process was optimized to allow obtaining a self-standing cohesive structure. After characterization of the microfibrous patch, the behavior of embedded human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) was evaluated. Microfibers of oxidized alginate modified with integrin-binding ligands provided a suitable 3D cellular microenvironment, supporting hMSCs survival and stimulating the production of endogenous extracellular matrix proteins, such as fibronectin and collagen Type I. Collectively, these features make the proposed microfibrous structures stand out as promising 3D scaffolds for regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Emma Campiglio
- i3S - Instituto de Inovação e Investigação em Saúde, Rua Alfredo Allen, 208, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering "G. Natta", Politecnico di Milano, via Mancinelli 7, 20131 Milan, Italy; INSTM - National Interuniversity Consortium of Materials Science and Technology, Local Unit Politecnico di Milano, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Silvia J Bidarra
- i3S - Instituto de Inovação e Investigação em Saúde, Rua Alfredo Allen, 208, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; INEB - Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Lorenza Draghi
- Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering "G. Natta", Politecnico di Milano, via Mancinelli 7, 20131 Milan, Italy; INEB - Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Cristina C Barrias
- i3S - Instituto de Inovação e Investigação em Saúde, Rua Alfredo Allen, 208, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; INEB - Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal; ICBAS - Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.
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