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Qiu G, Huang M, Liu J, Ma T, Schneider A, Oates TW, Lynch CD, Weir MD, Zhang K, Zhao L, Xu HHK. Human periodontal ligament stem cell encapsulation in alginate-fibrin-platelet lysate microbeads for dental and craniofacial regeneration. J Dent 2022; 124:104219. [PMID: 35817226 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2022.104219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 05/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Tissue engineering is promising for dental and craniofacial regeneration. The objectives of this study were to develop a novel xeno-free alginate-fibrin-platelet lysate hydrogel with human periodontal ligament stem cells (hPDLSCs) for dental regeneration, and to investigate the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of hPDLSCs using hPL as a cell culture nutrient supplement. METHODS hPDLSCs were cultured with Dulbecco's modified eagle medium (DMEM), DMEM + 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS), and DMEM + hPL (1%, 2.5%, and 5%). hPDLSCs were encapsulated in alginate-fibrin microbeads (Alg+Fib), alginate-hPL microbeads (Alg+hPL), or alginate-fibrin-hPL microbeads (Alg+Fib+hPL). hPDLSCs encapsulated in alginate microbeads were induced with an osteogenic medium containing hPL or FBS. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, ALP staining, and alizarin red (ARS) staining was investigated. RESULTS hPDLSCs were released faster from Alg+Fib+hPL than from Alg+hPL. At 14 days, ALP activity was 44.1 ± 7.61 mU/mg for Alg+Fib+hPL group, higher than 28.07 ± 5.15 mU/mg of Alg+Fib (p<0.05) and 0.95 ± 0.2 mU/mg of control (p<0.01). At 7 days, osteogenic genes (ALP, RUNX2, COL1, and OPN) in Alg+Fib+hPL and Alg+Fib were 3-10 folds those of control. At 21 days, the hPDLSC-synthesized bone mineral amount in Alg+Fib+hPL and Alg+Fib was 7.5 folds and 4.3 folds that of control group, respectively. CONCLUSIONS The 2.5% hPL was determined to be optimal for hPDLSCs. Adding hPL into alginate hydrogel improved the viability of the hPDLSCs encapsulated in the microbeads. The hPL-based medium enhanced the osteogenic differentiation of hPDLSCs in Alg+Fib+hPL construct, showing a promising xeno-free approach for delivering hPDLSCs to enhance dental, craniofacial and orthopedic regenerations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gengtao Qiu
- Department of Trauma and Joint Surgery, Shunde Hospital, Southern Medical University, Foshan, Guangdong, China; Department of Advanced Oral Sciences and Therapeutics, University of Maryland Dental School, Baltimore, MD 21201, United States of America; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Mingguang Huang
- Department of Trauma and Joint Surgery, Shunde Hospital, Southern Medical University, Foshan, Guangdong, China
| | - Jin Liu
- Department of Advanced Oral Sciences and Therapeutics, University of Maryland Dental School, Baltimore, MD 21201, United States of America; Key Laboratory of Shannxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shannxi, China
| | - Tao Ma
- Department of Oncology and Diagnostic Sciences, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, United States of America
| | - Abraham Schneider
- Department of Oncology and Diagnostic Sciences, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, United States of America; Member, Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, United States of America
| | - Thomas W Oates
- Department of Advanced Oral Sciences and Therapeutics, University of Maryland Dental School, Baltimore, MD 21201, United States of America
| | - Christopher D Lynch
- Restorative Dentistry, University Dental School and Hospital, University College Cork, Wilton, Cork, Ireland
| | - Michael D Weir
- Department of Advanced Oral Sciences and Therapeutics, University of Maryland Dental School, Baltimore, MD 21201, United States of America.
| | - Ke Zhang
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
| | - Liang Zhao
- Department of Trauma and Joint Surgery, Shunde Hospital, Southern Medical University, Foshan, Guangdong, China; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
| | - Hockin H K Xu
- Department of Trauma and Joint Surgery, Shunde Hospital, Southern Medical University, Foshan, Guangdong, China; Member, Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, United States of America; Center for Stem Cell Biology & Regenerative Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, United States of America
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