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Bravo-González S, González-González E, Perales-Salinas V, Rodríguez-Sánchez IP, Ortiz-Castillo JE, Vargas-Martínez A, Perez-Gonzalez VH, Luna-Aguirre CM, Trujillo-de Santiago G, Alvarez MM. Self-Diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 from Saliva Samples at Home: Isothermal Amplification Enabled by Do-It-Yourself Portable Incubators and Laminated Poly-ethyl Sulfonate Membranes. Diagnostics (Basel) 2024; 14:221. [PMID: 38275468 PMCID: PMC10814948 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics14020221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Revised: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
COVID-19 made explicit the need for rethinking the way in which we conduct testing for epidemic emergencies. During the COVID-19 pandemic, the dependence on centralized lab facilities and resource-intensive methodologies (e.g., RT-qPCR methods) greatly limited the deployment of widespread testing efforts in many developed and underdeveloped countries. Here, we illustrate the development of a simple and portable diagnostic kit that enables self-diagnosis of COVID-19 at home from saliva samples. We describe the development of a do-it-yourself (DIY) incubator for Eppendorf tubes that can be used to conduct SARS-CoV-2 detection with competitive sensitivity and selectivity from saliva at home. In a proof-of-concept experiment, we assembled Eppendorf-tube incubators at our home shop, prepared a single-tube mix of reagents and LAMP primers in our lab, and deployed these COVID-19 detection kits using urban delivery systems (i.e., Rappifavor or Uber) to more than 15 different locations in Monterrey, México. This straightforward strategy enabled rapid and cost-effective at-home molecular diagnostics of SARS-CoV-2 from real saliva samples with a high sensitivity (100%) and high selectivity (87%).
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergio Bravo-González
- Centro de Biotecnología-FEMSA, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Monterrey 64849, NL, Mexico; (S.B.-G.); (E.G.-G.); (V.P.-S.); (C.M.L.-A.)
- Departamento de Bioingeniería, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Monterrey 64849, NL, Mexico
| | - Everardo González-González
- Centro de Biotecnología-FEMSA, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Monterrey 64849, NL, Mexico; (S.B.-G.); (E.G.-G.); (V.P.-S.); (C.M.L.-A.)
- Departamento de Bioingeniería, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Monterrey 64849, NL, Mexico
| | - Valeria Perales-Salinas
- Centro de Biotecnología-FEMSA, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Monterrey 64849, NL, Mexico; (S.B.-G.); (E.G.-G.); (V.P.-S.); (C.M.L.-A.)
- Departamento de Bioingeniería, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Monterrey 64849, NL, Mexico
| | - Iram Pablo Rodríguez-Sánchez
- Laboratorio de Fisiología Molecular y Estructural, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, San Nicolás de los Garza 66455, NL, Mexico;
- Alfa Medical Center, Guadalupe 67100, NL, Mexico
| | - Jose E. Ortiz-Castillo
- Departamento de Ingeniería Mecátrónica y Eléctrica, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Monterrey 64849, NL, Mexico; (J.E.O.-C.); (A.V.-M.); (V.H.P.-G.)
| | - Adriana Vargas-Martínez
- Departamento de Ingeniería Mecátrónica y Eléctrica, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Monterrey 64849, NL, Mexico; (J.E.O.-C.); (A.V.-M.); (V.H.P.-G.)
| | - Victor H. Perez-Gonzalez
- Departamento de Ingeniería Mecátrónica y Eléctrica, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Monterrey 64849, NL, Mexico; (J.E.O.-C.); (A.V.-M.); (V.H.P.-G.)
| | - Claudia Maribel Luna-Aguirre
- Centro de Biotecnología-FEMSA, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Monterrey 64849, NL, Mexico; (S.B.-G.); (E.G.-G.); (V.P.-S.); (C.M.L.-A.)
- Departamento de Bioingeniería, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Monterrey 64849, NL, Mexico
| | - Grissel Trujillo-de Santiago
- Centro de Biotecnología-FEMSA, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Monterrey 64849, NL, Mexico; (S.B.-G.); (E.G.-G.); (V.P.-S.); (C.M.L.-A.)
- Departamento de Ingeniería Mecátrónica y Eléctrica, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Monterrey 64849, NL, Mexico; (J.E.O.-C.); (A.V.-M.); (V.H.P.-G.)
| | - Mario Moisés Alvarez
- Centro de Biotecnología-FEMSA, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Monterrey 64849, NL, Mexico; (S.B.-G.); (E.G.-G.); (V.P.-S.); (C.M.L.-A.)
- Departamento de Ingeniería Mecátrónica y Eléctrica, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Monterrey 64849, NL, Mexico; (J.E.O.-C.); (A.V.-M.); (V.H.P.-G.)
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