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Terrazzan A, Vanini R, Ancona P, Bianchi N, Taccioli C, Aguiari G. State-of-the-art in transposable element modulation affected by drugs in malignant prostatic cancer cells. J Cell Biochem 2024; 125:e30557. [PMID: 38501160 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.30557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Revised: 02/14/2024] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024]
Abstract
Over recent years, the investigation of transposable elements (TEs) has granted researchers a deeper comprehension of their characteristics and functions, particularly regarding their significance in the mechanisms contributing to cancer development. This manuscript focuses on prostate carcinoma cell lines and offers a comprehensive review intended to scrutinize the associations and interactions between TEs and genes, as well as their response to treatment using various chemical drugs, emphasizing their involvement in cancer progression. We assembled a compendium of articles retrieved from the PubMed database to construct networks demonstrating correlations with genes and pharmaceuticals. In doing so, we linked the transposition of certain TE types to the expression of specific transcripts directly implicated in carcinogenesis. Additionally, we underline that treatment employing different drugs revealed unique patterns of TE reactivation. Our hypothesis gathers the current understanding and guides research toward evidence-based investigations, emphasizing the association between antiviral drugs, chemotherapy, and the reduced expression of TEs in patients affected by prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Terrazzan
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
- Laboratory for Advanced Therapy Technologies (LTTA), University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Riccardo Vanini
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Pietro Ancona
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Nicoletta Bianchi
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Cristian Taccioli
- Department of Animal Medicine, Production and Health (MAPS), University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Gianluca Aguiari
- Department of Neuroscience and Rehabilitation, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
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Taghizadeh M, Jafari-Koshki T, Jafarlou V, Raeisi M, Alizadeh L, Roosta Y, Matin S, Jabari R, Sur D, Karimi A. The role of piRNAs in predicting and prognosing in cancer: a focus on piRNA-823 (a systematic review and meta-analysis). BMC Cancer 2024; 24:484. [PMID: 38627675 PMCID: PMC11022431 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-024-12180-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION This article examines the potential of using liquid biopsy with piRNAs to study cancer survival outcomes. While previous studies have explored the relationship between piRNA expression and cancer patient outcomes, a comprehensive investigation is still lacking. To address this gap, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of existing literature. METHODS We searched major online databases up to February 2024 to identify articles reporting on the role of piRNA in cancer patient survival outcomes. Our meta-analysis used a random-effects model to pool hazard ratios with 95% confidence intervals (CI) and assess the prognostic value of deregulated piRNA-823. For survival analysis, the Kaplan-Meier method and COX analysis were used. RESULTS Out of 6104 articles screened, 20 met our inclusion criteria. Our analysis revealed that dysregulated piRNA expression is associated with cancer patient survival outcomes. Specifically, our meta-analysis found that overexpression of piR-823 is significantly linked with poorer overall survival in patients with colorectal cancer and renal cell cancer (HR: 3.82, 95% CI = [1.81, 8.04], I2 = 70%). CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that various piRNAs may play a role in cancer survival outcomes and that piRNA-823 in particular holds promise as a prognostic biomarker for multiple human cancers. IMPLICATIONS FOR CANCER SURVIVORS Our systematic review and meta-analysis of piRNA-823 has important implications for cancer survivors. Our findings suggest that piRNA-823 can be used as a prognostic biomarker for predicting cancer recurrence and survival rates. This information can help clinicians develop personalized treatment plans for cancer survivors, which can improve their quality of life and reduce the risk of recurrence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Taghizadeh
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Advanced Medical School, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, 5166614756, Iran
| | - Tohid Jafari-Koshki
- Department of Statistics and Epidemiology, Faculty of Health, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, 5166616471, Iran
| | - Vahid Jafarlou
- Cancer Institute of Imam Khomeini Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, 1419733141, Iran
| | - Mortaza Raeisi
- Hematology and Oncology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, 5166616471, Iran
| | - Leila Alizadeh
- Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, 5166616471, Iran
| | - Yousef Roosta
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, 5714783734, Iran
- Solid Tumor Research Center, Cellular and Molecular Medicine Research Institute, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, 5714783734, Iran
- Hematology, Immune Cell Therapy, and Stem Cells Transplantation Research Center, Clinical Research Institute, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, 5714783734, Iran
| | - Somaieh Matin
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, 8599156189, Iran
| | - Rahele Jabari
- Department of Nutrition Science, Faculty of Medical Science, Urmia University of Medical Science, Urmia, 5714783734, Iran
| | - Daniel Sur
- Department of Oncology, The Oncology Institute "Prof. Dr. Ion Chiricu¸tă", Cluj-Napoca, 400015, Romania.
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Oncology Institute "Prof. Dr. Ion Chiricu ̧t ̆a", 400015 Str. Republicii 34-36, Cluj-Napoca, 400006, Romania.
| | - Abbas Karimi
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Advanced Medical School, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, 5166614756, Iran.
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Golgasht St., Tabriz, East Azerbaijan, 5166614756, Iran.
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Alberca-del Arco F, Prieto-Cuadra D, Santos-Perez de la Blanca R, Sáez-Barranquero F, Matas-Rico E, Herrera-Imbroda B. New Perspectives on the Role of Liquid Biopsy in Bladder Cancer: Applicability to Precision Medicine. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:803. [PMID: 38398192 PMCID: PMC10886494 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16040803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2024] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Bladder cancer (BC) is one of the most common tumors in the world. Cystoscopy and tissue biopsy are the standard methods in screening and early diagnosis of suspicious bladder lesions. However, they are invasive procedures that may cause pain and infectious complications. Considering the limitations of both procedures, and the recurrence and resistance to BC treatment, it is necessary to develop a new non-invasive methodology for early diagnosis and multiple evaluations in patients under follow-up for bladder cancer. In recent years, liquid biopsy has proven to be a very useful diagnostic tool for the detection of tumor biomarkers. This non-invasive technique makes it possible to analyze single tumor components released into the peripheral circulation and to monitor tumor progression. Numerous biomarkers are being studied and interesting clinical applications for these in BC are being presented, with promising results in early diagnosis, detection of microscopic disease, and prediction of recurrence and response to treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernardo Alberca-del Arco
- Departamento de Urología, Hospital Universitario Virgen de la Victoria (HUVV), 29010 Málaga, Spain; (F.A.-d.A.); (R.S.-P.d.l.B.); (F.S.-B.)
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga y Plataforma en Nanomedicina (IBIMA Plataforma BIONAND), 29590 Málaga, Spain
| | - Daniel Prieto-Cuadra
- Departamento de Anatomía Patológica, Hospital Universitario Virgen de la Victoria (HUVV), 29010 Málaga, Spain;
- Unidad de Gestion Clinica de Anatomia Patologica, IBIMA, Hospital Universitario Virgen de la Victoria, 29010 Málaga, Spain
- SYNLAB Pathology, 29007 Málaga, Spain
| | - Rocio Santos-Perez de la Blanca
- Departamento de Urología, Hospital Universitario Virgen de la Victoria (HUVV), 29010 Málaga, Spain; (F.A.-d.A.); (R.S.-P.d.l.B.); (F.S.-B.)
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga y Plataforma en Nanomedicina (IBIMA Plataforma BIONAND), 29590 Málaga, Spain
- Genitourinary Alliance for Research and Development (GUARD Consortium), 29071 Málaga, Spain
| | - Felipe Sáez-Barranquero
- Departamento de Urología, Hospital Universitario Virgen de la Victoria (HUVV), 29010 Málaga, Spain; (F.A.-d.A.); (R.S.-P.d.l.B.); (F.S.-B.)
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga y Plataforma en Nanomedicina (IBIMA Plataforma BIONAND), 29590 Málaga, Spain
- Genitourinary Alliance for Research and Development (GUARD Consortium), 29071 Málaga, Spain
| | - Elisa Matas-Rico
- Departamento de Urología, Hospital Universitario Virgen de la Victoria (HUVV), 29010 Málaga, Spain; (F.A.-d.A.); (R.S.-P.d.l.B.); (F.S.-B.)
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga y Plataforma en Nanomedicina (IBIMA Plataforma BIONAND), 29590 Málaga, Spain
- Genitourinary Alliance for Research and Development (GUARD Consortium), 29071 Málaga, Spain
- Departamento de Biología Celular, Genética y Fisiología, Universidad de Málaga (UMA), 29071 Málaga, Spain
| | - Bernardo Herrera-Imbroda
- Departamento de Urología, Hospital Universitario Virgen de la Victoria (HUVV), 29010 Málaga, Spain; (F.A.-d.A.); (R.S.-P.d.l.B.); (F.S.-B.)
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga y Plataforma en Nanomedicina (IBIMA Plataforma BIONAND), 29590 Málaga, Spain
- Genitourinary Alliance for Research and Development (GUARD Consortium), 29071 Málaga, Spain
- Departamento de Especialidades Quirúrgicas, Bioquímica e Inmunología, Universidad de Málaga (UMA), 29071 Málaga, Spain
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Hammad G, Mamdouh S, Seoudi DM, Seleem MI, Safwat G, Mohamed RH. Elevated expression patterns of P-element Induced Wimpy Testis (PIWI) transcripts are potential candidate markers for Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Cancer Biomark 2024; 39:95-111. [PMID: 38043006 PMCID: PMC11002723 DOI: 10.3233/cbm-230134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 12/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND P-Element-induced wimpy testis (PIWI) proteins, when in combination with PIWI-interacting RNA (piRNA), are engaged in the epigenetic regulation of gene expression in germline cells. Different types of tumour cells have been found to exhibit abnormal expression of piRNA, PIWIL-mRNAs, and proteins. We aimed to determine the mRNA expression profiles of PIWIL1, PIWIL2, PIWIL3, & PIWIL4, in hepatocellular carcinoma patients, and to associate their expression patterns with clinicopathological features. METHODS The expression patterns of PIWIL1, PIWIL2, PIWIL3, PIWIL4 mRNA, was assessed via real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-QPCR), on tissue and serum samples from HCC patients, their impact for diagnosis was evaluated by ROC curves, prognostic utility was determined, and In Silico analysis was conducted for predicted variant detection, association with HCC microRNAs and Network Analysis. RESULTS Expression levels were significantly higher in both HCC tissue and serum samples than in their respective controls (p< 0.001). Additionally, the diagnostic performance was assessed, Risk determination was found to be statistically significant. CONCLUSION PIWIL mRNAs are overexpressed in HCC tissue and serum samples, the expression patterns could be valuable molecular markers for HCC, due to their association with age, tumour grade and pattern. To the best of our knowledge, our study is the first to report the expression levels of all PIWIL mRNA and to suggest their remarkable values as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers, in addition to their correlation to HCC development. Additionally, a therapeutic opportunity might be also suggested through in silico miRNA prediction for HCC and PIWIL genes through DDX4 and miR-124-3p.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gehan Hammad
- Faculty of Biotechnology, October University for Modern Sciences & Arts (MSA), Giza, Egypt
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Samah Mamdouh
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Theodor Bilharz Research Institute, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Dina Mohamed Seoudi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Ismail Seleem
- Department of Surgery, National Hepatology and Tropical Medicine Research Institute, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Gehan Safwat
- Faculty of Biotechnology, October University for Modern Sciences & Arts (MSA), Giza, Egypt
| | - Rania Hassan Mohamed
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
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5
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Olufunmilayo EO, Holsinger RMD. Roles of Non-Coding RNA in Alzheimer's Disease Pathophysiology. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:12498. [PMID: 37569871 PMCID: PMC10420049 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241512498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Revised: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a chronic neurodegenerative disorder that is accompanied by deficits in memory and cognitive functions. The disease is pathologically characterised by the accumulation and aggregation of an extracellular peptide referred to as amyloid-β (Aβ) in the form of amyloid plaques and the intracellular aggregation of a hyperphosphorelated protein tau in the form of neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs) that cause neuroinflammation, synaptic dysfunction, and oxidative stress. The search for pathomechanisms leading to disease onset and progression has identified many key players that include genetic, epigenetic, behavioural, and environmental factors, which lend support to the fact that this is a multi-faceted disease where failure in various systems contributes to disease onset and progression. Although the vast majority of individuals present with the sporadic (non-genetic) form of the disease, dysfunctions in numerous protein-coding and non-coding genes have been implicated in mechanisms contributing to the disease. Recent studies have provided strong evidence for the association of non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) with AD. In this review, we highlight the current findings on changes observed in circular RNA (circRNA), microRNA (miRNA), short interfering RNA (siRNA), piwi-interacting RNA (piRNA), and long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) in AD. Variations in these ncRNAs could potentially serve as biomarkers or therapeutic targets for the diagnosis and treatment of Alzheimer's disease. We also discuss the results of studies that have targeted these ncRNAs in cellular and animal models of AD with a view for translating these findings into therapies for Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edward O. Olufunmilayo
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience and Dementia, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2050, Australia;
- Department of Medicine, University College Hospital, Queen Elizabeth Road, Oritamefa, Ibadan 200212, Nigeria
| | - R. M. Damian Holsinger
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience and Dementia, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2050, Australia;
- Neuroscience, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
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6
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Uppaluri KR, Challa HJ, Gaur A, Jain R, Krishna Vardhani K, Geddam A, Natya K, Aswini K, Palasamudram K, K SM. Unlocking the potential of non-coding RNAs in cancer research and therapy. Transl Oncol 2023; 35:101730. [PMID: 37406550 PMCID: PMC10366642 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2023.101730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Revised: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) have emerged as key regulators of gene expression, with growing evidence implicating their involvement in cancer development and progression. The potential of ncRNAs as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers for cancer is promising, with emphasis on their use in liquid biopsy and tissue-based diagnostics. In a nutshell, the review comprehensively summarizes the diverse classes of ncRNAs implicated in cancer, including microRNAs, long non-coding RNAs, and circular RNAs, and their functions and mechanisms of action. Furthermore, we describe the potential therapeutic applications of ncRNAs, including anti-miRNA oligonucleotides, siRNAs, and other RNA-based therapeutics in cancer treatment. However, significant challenges remain in developing effective ncRNA-based diagnostics and therapeutics, including the lack of specificity, limited understanding of mechanisms, and delivery challenges. This review also covers the current state-of-the-art non-coding RNA research technologies and bioinformatic analysis tools. Lastly, we outline future research directions in non-coding RNA research in cancer, including developing novel biomarkers, therapeutic targets, and modalities. In summary, this review provides a comprehensive understanding of non-coding RNAs in cancer and their potential clinical applications, highlighting both the opportunities and challenges in this rapidly evolving field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kalyan Ram Uppaluri
- GenepoweRx, Uppaluri K&H Personalized Medicine Clinic, Suit #2B, Plot No. 240, Nirvana, Road No. 36, Jawahar Colony, Jubilee Hills, Hyderabad, Telangana 500033, India.
| | - Hima J Challa
- GenepoweRx, Uppaluri K&H Personalized Medicine Clinic, Suit #2B, Plot No. 240, Nirvana, Road No. 36, Jawahar Colony, Jubilee Hills, Hyderabad, Telangana 500033, India
| | - Ashish Gaur
- Department of Biotechnology, GLA University, Mathura, India
| | - Rajul Jain
- Dayalbagh Educational Institute, Agra, India
| | - K Krishna Vardhani
- GenepoweRx, Uppaluri K&H Personalized Medicine Clinic, Suit #2B, Plot No. 240, Nirvana, Road No. 36, Jawahar Colony, Jubilee Hills, Hyderabad, Telangana 500033, India
| | - Anusha Geddam
- GenepoweRx, Uppaluri K&H Personalized Medicine Clinic, Suit #2B, Plot No. 240, Nirvana, Road No. 36, Jawahar Colony, Jubilee Hills, Hyderabad, Telangana 500033, India
| | - K Natya
- GenepoweRx, Uppaluri K&H Personalized Medicine Clinic, Suit #2B, Plot No. 240, Nirvana, Road No. 36, Jawahar Colony, Jubilee Hills, Hyderabad, Telangana 500033, India
| | - K Aswini
- GenepoweRx, Uppaluri K&H Personalized Medicine Clinic, Suit #2B, Plot No. 240, Nirvana, Road No. 36, Jawahar Colony, Jubilee Hills, Hyderabad, Telangana 500033, India
| | - Kalyani Palasamudram
- GenepoweRx, Uppaluri K&H Personalized Medicine Clinic, Suit #2B, Plot No. 240, Nirvana, Road No. 36, Jawahar Colony, Jubilee Hills, Hyderabad, Telangana 500033, India
| | - Sri Manjari K
- GenepoweRx, Uppaluri K&H Personalized Medicine Clinic, Suit #2B, Plot No. 240, Nirvana, Road No. 36, Jawahar Colony, Jubilee Hills, Hyderabad, Telangana 500033, India.
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Gilyazova I, Enikeeva K, Rafikova G, Kagirova E, Sharifyanova Y, Asadullina D, Pavlov V. Epigenetic and Immunological Features of Bladder Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:9854. [PMID: 37373000 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24129854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Revised: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Bladder cancer (BLCA) is one of the most common types of malignant tumors of the urogenital system in adults. Globally, the incidence of BLCA is more than 500,000 new cases worldwide annually, and every year, the number of registered cases of BLCA increases noticeably. Currently, the diagnosis of BLCA is based on cystoscopy and cytological examination of urine and additional laboratory and instrumental studies. However, cystoscopy is an invasive study, and voided urine cytology has a low level of sensitivity, so there is a clear need to develop more reliable markers and test systems for detecting the disease with high sensitivity and specificity. Human body fluids (urine, serum, and plasma) are known to contain significant amounts of tumorigenic nucleic acids, circulating immune cells and proinflammatory mediators that can serve as noninvasive biomarkers, particularly useful for early cancer detection, follow-up of patients, and personalization of their treatment. The review describes the most significant advances in epigenetics of BLCA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irina Gilyazova
- Institute of Urology and Clinical Oncology, Bashkir State Medical University, 450008 Ufa, Russia
| | - Kadriia Enikeeva
- Institute of Urology and Clinical Oncology, Bashkir State Medical University, 450008 Ufa, Russia
| | - Guzel Rafikova
- Institute of Urology and Clinical Oncology, Bashkir State Medical University, 450008 Ufa, Russia
| | - Evelina Kagirova
- Institute of Urology and Clinical Oncology, Bashkir State Medical University, 450008 Ufa, Russia
| | - Yuliya Sharifyanova
- Institute of Urology and Clinical Oncology, Bashkir State Medical University, 450008 Ufa, Russia
| | - Dilara Asadullina
- Institute of Urology and Clinical Oncology, Bashkir State Medical University, 450008 Ufa, Russia
| | - Valentin Pavlov
- Institute of Urology and Clinical Oncology, Bashkir State Medical University, 450008 Ufa, Russia
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Akimniyazova AN, Niyazova TK, Yurikova OY, Pyrkova AY, Zhanuzakov MA, Ivashchenko AT. piRNAs may regulate expression of candidate genes of esophageal adenocarcinoma. Front Genet 2022; 13:1069637. [PMID: 36531220 PMCID: PMC9747755 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.1069637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 07/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Elucidation of ways to regulate the expression of candidate cancer genes will contribute to the development of methods for cancer diagnosis and therapy. The aim of the present study was to show the role of piRNAs as efficient regulators of mRNA translation of esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC) candidate genes. We used bioinformatic methods to study the interaction characteristics of up to 200 thousand piRNAs with mRNAs of 38 candidate EAC genes. The piRNAs capable of binding to mRNA of AR, BTG3, CD55, ERBB3, FKBP5, FOXP1, LEP, SEPP1, SMAD4, and TP53 genes with high free energy by the formation of hydrogen bonds between canonical (G-C, A-U) and noncanonical (G-U, A-C) piRNA and mRNA nucleotide pairs were revealed. The organization of piRNA binding sites (BSs) in the mRNA of candidate genes was found to overlap nucleotide sequences to form clusters. Clusters of piRNA BSs were detected in the 5'-untranslated region, coding domain sequence, and 3'-untranslated region of mRNA. Due to the formation of piRNA binding site clusters, compaction of BSs occurs and competition between piRNAs for binding to mRNA of candidate EAC genes occurs. Associations of piRNA and candidate genes were selected for use as markers for the diagnosis of EAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. N. Akimniyazova
- Higher School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Healthcare, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty, Kazakhstan
| | - T. K. Niyazova
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty, Kazakhstan
| | - O. Yu. Yurikova
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty, Kazakhstan
| | - A. Yu. Pyrkova
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty, Kazakhstan
- Center for Bioinformatics and Nanomedicine, Almaty, Kazakhstan
| | - M. A. Zhanuzakov
- Higher School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Healthcare, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty, Kazakhstan
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Piquer-Gil M, Domenech-Dauder S, Sepúlveda-Gómez M, Machí-Camacho C, Braza-Boïls A, Zorio E. Non Coding RNAs as Regulators of Wnt/β-Catenin and Hippo Pathways in Arrhythmogenic Cardiomyopathy. Biomedicines 2022; 10:2619. [PMID: 36289882 PMCID: PMC9599412 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10102619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Revised: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy (ACM) is an inherited cardiomyopathy histologically characterized by the replacement of myocardium by fibrofatty infiltration, cardiomyocyte loss, and inflammation. ACM has been defined as a desmosomal disease because most of the mutations causing the disease are located in genes encoding desmosomal proteins. Interestingly, the instable structures of these intercellular junctions in this disease are closely related to a perturbed Wnt/β-catenin pathway. Imbalance in the Wnt/β-catenin signaling and also in the crosslinked Hippo pathway leads to the transcription of proadipogenic and profibrotic genes. Aiming to shed light on the mechanisms by which Wnt/β-catenin and Hippo pathways modulate the progression of the pathological ACM phenotype, the study of non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) has emerged as a potential source of actionable targets. ncRNAs comprise a wide range of RNA species (short, large, linear, circular) which are able to finely tune gene expression and determine the final phenotype. Some share recognition sites, thus referred to as competing endogenous RNAs (ceRNAs), and ensure a coordinating action. Recent cancer research studies regarding the key role of ceRNAs in Wnt/β-catenin and Hippo pathways modulation pave the way to better understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying ACM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Piquer-Gil
- Unit of Inherited Cardiomyopathies and Sudden Death (CaFaMuSMe), Health Research Institute La Fe, 46026 Valencia, Spain
| | - Sofía Domenech-Dauder
- Unit of Inherited Cardiomyopathies and Sudden Death (CaFaMuSMe), Health Research Institute La Fe, 46026 Valencia, Spain
| | - Marta Sepúlveda-Gómez
- Unit of Inherited Cardiomyopathies and Sudden Death (CaFaMuSMe), Health Research Institute La Fe, 46026 Valencia, Spain
| | - Carla Machí-Camacho
- Unit of Inherited Cardiomyopathies and Sudden Death (CaFaMuSMe), Health Research Institute La Fe, 46026 Valencia, Spain
| | - Aitana Braza-Boïls
- Unit of Inherited Cardiomyopathies and Sudden Death (CaFaMuSMe), Health Research Institute La Fe, 46026 Valencia, Spain
- Center for Biomedical Network Research on Cardiovascular Diseases (CIBERCV), 28015 Madrid, Spain
| | - Esther Zorio
- Unit of Inherited Cardiomyopathies and Sudden Death (CaFaMuSMe), Health Research Institute La Fe, 46026 Valencia, Spain
- Center for Biomedical Network Research on Cardiovascular Diseases (CIBERCV), 28015 Madrid, Spain
- Cardiology Department, Hospital Universitario y Politécnico La Fe, 46026 Valencia, Spain
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