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Chen X, Peng Y, Wang K, Wang X, Liu Z, Huang Z, Zhang H. Study on High-Velocity Impact Perforation Performance of CFRP Laminates for Rail Vehicles: Experiment and Simulation. Biomimetics (Basel) 2023; 8:568. [PMID: 38132507 PMCID: PMC10742085 DOI: 10.3390/biomimetics8080568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Revised: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
To study the perforation performance of CFRP laminates for rail vehicles under high-velocity impact from foreign objects, impact tests on CFRP laminates at a velocity of 163 m/s were carried out, and a corresponding finite element model was established using ABAQUS and verified. The user-defined material subroutine combined the material strain rate hardening effect and the 3D-Hashin damage criterion. The effects of impact velocity, impact object shape, and oblique angle on the perforation performance of CFRP laminates are discussed. Results show that impact velocity positively correlates with impact peak force and residual velocity. Laminates can be perforated by projectiles with a velocity above 120 m/s, and impact velocity greatly influences delamination below 140 m/s. Three shapes of projectile impacting laminates are considered: spherical, cylindrical, and conical. The conical projectile penetrates the laminate most easily, with the largest delamination area. The cylindrical projectile with a flat end suffers the most resistance, and the delaminated area is between the impact conditions of the conical and spherical projectiles. Increasing the angle of inclination increases the impacted area of the laminate and the extent of damage, thus dissipating more energy. The projectile fails to penetrate the laminate when the oblique angle reaches 60°. CFRP composite structures penetrated by high-speed impacts pose a significant threat to the safety of train operations, providing an opportunity for the application of bio-inspired composite structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuanzhen Chen
- Key Laboratory of Traffic Safety on Track of Ministry of Education, School of Traffic and Transportation Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410075, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Key Technology for Rail Traffic Safety, Central South University, Changsha 410075, China
| | - Yong Peng
- Key Laboratory of Traffic Safety on Track of Ministry of Education, School of Traffic and Transportation Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410075, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Key Technology for Rail Traffic Safety, Central South University, Changsha 410075, China
| | - Kui Wang
- Key Laboratory of Traffic Safety on Track of Ministry of Education, School of Traffic and Transportation Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410075, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Key Technology for Rail Traffic Safety, Central South University, Changsha 410075, China
| | - Xin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Traffic Safety on Track of Ministry of Education, School of Traffic and Transportation Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410075, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Key Technology for Rail Traffic Safety, Central South University, Changsha 410075, China
| | - Zhixiang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Traffic Safety on Track of Ministry of Education, School of Traffic and Transportation Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410075, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Key Technology for Rail Traffic Safety, Central South University, Changsha 410075, China
| | - Zhiqiang Huang
- Key Laboratory of Traffic Safety on Track of Ministry of Education, School of Traffic and Transportation Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410075, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Key Technology for Rail Traffic Safety, Central South University, Changsha 410075, China
| | - Honghao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of High Efficiency and Clean Mechanical Manufacture (Ministry of Education), School of Mechanical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, China
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Chan-Colli DG, Agaliotis EM, Frias-Bastar D, Shen L, Carrillo JG, Herrera-Franco PJ, Flores-Johnson EA. Ballistic Behavior of Bioinspired Nacre-like Composites. Biomimetics (Basel) 2023; 8:341. [PMID: 37622946 PMCID: PMC10452249 DOI: 10.3390/biomimetics8040341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Revised: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
In this paper, the ballistic performance of a multilayered composite inspired by the structural characteristics of nacre is numerically investigated using finite element (FE) simulations. Nacre is a natural composite material found in the shells of some marine mollusks, which has remarkable toughness due to its hierarchical layered structure. The bioinspired nacre-like composites investigated here were made of five wavy aluminum alloy 7075-T651 (AA7075) layers composed of ~1.1-mm thick square tablets bonded together with toughened epoxy resin. Two composite configurations with continuous layers (either wavy or flat) were also studied. The ballistic performance of the composite plates was compared to that of a bulk monolithic AA7075 plate. The ballistic impact was simulated in the 300-600 m/s range using two types of spherical projectiles, i.e., rigid and elastoplastic. The results showed that the nacre plate exhibited improved ballistic performance compared to the bulk plate and the plates with continuous layers. The structural design of the nacre plate improved the ballistic performance by producing a more ductile failure and enabling localized energy absorption via the plastic deformation of the tablets and the globalized energy dissipation due to interface debonding and friction. All the plate configurations exhibited a better ballistic performance when impacted by an elastoplastic projectile compared to a rigid one, which is explained by the projectile plastic deformation absorbing some of the impact energy and the enlarged contact area between the projectile and the plates producing more energy absorption by the plates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danny G. Chan-Colli
- Centro de Investigación Científica de Yucatán, Unidad de Materiales, Calle 43 No. 130 Col. Chuburná de Hidalgo, Mérida 97205, Yucatán, Mexico; (D.G.C.-C.); (D.F.-B.); (J.G.C.)
| | - Eliana M. Agaliotis
- Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Av. Las Heras 2214, Buenos Aires C1127AAR, Argentina;
- Instituto de Tecnología en Polímeros y Nanotecnología (ITPN), CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires, Av. Las Heras 2214, Buenos Aires C1127AAR, Argentina
| | - David Frias-Bastar
- Centro de Investigación Científica de Yucatán, Unidad de Materiales, Calle 43 No. 130 Col. Chuburná de Hidalgo, Mérida 97205, Yucatán, Mexico; (D.G.C.-C.); (D.F.-B.); (J.G.C.)
| | - Luming Shen
- School of Civil Engineering, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia;
| | - Jose G. Carrillo
- Centro de Investigación Científica de Yucatán, Unidad de Materiales, Calle 43 No. 130 Col. Chuburná de Hidalgo, Mérida 97205, Yucatán, Mexico; (D.G.C.-C.); (D.F.-B.); (J.G.C.)
| | - Pedro J. Herrera-Franco
- Centro de Investigación Científica de Yucatán, Unidad de Materiales, Calle 43 No. 130 Col. Chuburná de Hidalgo, Mérida 97205, Yucatán, Mexico; (D.G.C.-C.); (D.F.-B.); (J.G.C.)
| | - Emmanuel A. Flores-Johnson
- Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organization (ANSTO), Lucas Heights, NSW 2234, Australia
- School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, University of New South Wales (UNSW Sydney), Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
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