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Kisel KS, Baigildin VA, Mozzhukhina AV, Zharskaia NA, Silonov SA, Shakirova JR, Tunik SP. Biocompatible Re-Containing Block Copolymers for Intracellular pH Mapping in the PLIM Mode. Inorg Chem 2024; 63:16348-16361. [PMID: 39155842 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.4c02301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/20/2024]
Abstract
Monitoring of intracellular pH is of great importance since deviation of this parameter from the "normal" magnitudes can be considered as an indicator of various pathologies. Thus, the development of new efficient and biocompatible sensors suitable for application in biological systems and capable of quantitative pH estimation remains an urgent chemical task. Herein, we report the synthesis of a series of phosphorescent rhenium [Re(NN)(CO)2(PR3)2]+ complexes based on the NN diimine ligands containing pH-responsive carboxylic groups and styrene-containing phosphine ligands. The complexes, which display the highest pH sensitivity, were copolymerized with polyvinylpyrrolidone using the RAFT protocol to impart water solubility and to protect the chromophores from interaction with molecular oxygen. The resulting copolymers show an emission lifetime response onto pH variations in the physiological range. Cellular experiments with Chinese hamster ovary cells (CHO-K1) reveal easy internalization of the probes in cell culture and an approximately uniform distribution in cells, with some preference for location in acidic compartments (late endosomes and lysosomes). Using nigericin to homogenize intra- and extracellular pH, we built a calibration of lifetime versus pH in live CHO-K1 cells. Analysis of the phosphorescence lifetime imaging microscopy (PLIM) data confirms the applicability of the obtained sensors for monitoring the intracellular pH in cell cultures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristina S Kisel
- Institute of Chemistry, St. Petersburg State University, Universitetskii av., 26, 198504 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Vadim A Baigildin
- Institute of Chemistry, St. Petersburg State University, Universitetskii av., 26, 198504 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Anna V Mozzhukhina
- Institute of Chemistry, St. Petersburg State University, Universitetskii av., 26, 198504 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Nina A Zharskaia
- Institute of Chemistry, St. Petersburg State University, Universitetskii av., 26, 198504 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Sergey A Silonov
- Institute of Chemistry, St. Petersburg State University, Universitetskii av., 26, 198504 St. Petersburg, Russia
- Laboratory of Structural Dynamics, Stability and Folding of Proteins, Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 4 Tikhoretsky Ave., 194064 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Julia R Shakirova
- Institute of Chemistry, St. Petersburg State University, Universitetskii av., 26, 198504 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Sergey P Tunik
- Institute of Chemistry, St. Petersburg State University, Universitetskii av., 26, 198504 St. Petersburg, Russia
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Lee LCC, Lo KKW. Shining New Light on Biological Systems: Luminescent Transition Metal Complexes for Bioimaging and Biosensing Applications. Chem Rev 2024; 124:8825-9014. [PMID: 39052606 PMCID: PMC11328004 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.3c00629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
Luminescence imaging is a powerful and versatile technique for investigating cell physiology and pathology in living systems, making significant contributions to life science research and clinical diagnosis. In recent years, luminescent transition metal complexes have gained significant attention for diagnostic and therapeutic applications due to their unique photophysical and photochemical properties. In this Review, we provide a comprehensive overview of the recent development of luminescent transition metal complexes for bioimaging and biosensing applications, with a focus on transition metal centers with a d6, d8, and d10 electronic configuration. We elucidate the structure-property relationships of luminescent transition metal complexes, exploring how their structural characteristics can be manipulated to control their biological behavior such as cellular uptake, localization, biocompatibility, pharmacokinetics, and biodistribution. Furthermore, we introduce the various design strategies that leverage the interesting photophysical properties of luminescent transition metal complexes for a wide variety of biological applications, including autofluorescence-free imaging, multimodal imaging, organelle imaging, biological sensing, microenvironment monitoring, bioorthogonal labeling, bacterial imaging, and cell viability assessment. Finally, we provide insights into the challenges and perspectives of luminescent transition metal complexes for bioimaging and biosensing applications, as well as their use in disease diagnosis and treatment evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lawrence Cho-Cheung Lee
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, P. R. China
- Laboratory for Synthetic Chemistry and Chemical Biology Limited, Units 1503-1511, 15/F, Building 17W, Hong Kong Science Park, New Territories, Hong Kong, P. R. China
| | - Kenneth Kam-Wing Lo
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Terahertz and Millimeter Waves, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, P. R. China
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Liu Y, Chen X, Liu X, Guan W, Lu C. Aggregation-induced emission-active micelles: synthesis, characterization, and applications. Chem Soc Rev 2023; 52:1456-1490. [PMID: 36734474 DOI: 10.1039/d2cs01021f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Aggregation-induced emission (AIE)-active micelles are a type of fluorescent functional materials that exhibit enhanced emissions in the aggregated surfactant state. They have received significant interest due to their excellent fluorescence efficiency in the aggregated state, remarkable processability, and solubility. AIE-active micelles can be designed through the self-assembly of amphipathic AIE luminogens (AIEgens) and the encapsulation of non-emissive amphipathic molecules in AIEgens. Currently, a wide range of AIE-active micelles have been constructed, with a significant increase in research interest in this area. A series of advanced techniques has been used to characterize AIE-active micelles, such as cryogenic-electron microscopy (Cryo-EM) and confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). This review provides an overview of the synthesis, characterization, and applications of AIE-active micelles, especially their applications in cell and in vivo imaging, biological and organic compound sensors, anticancer drugs, gene delivery, chemotherapy, photodynamic therapy, and photocatalytic reactions, with a focus on the most recent developments. Based on the synergistic effect of micelles and AIE, it is anticipated that this review will guide the development of innovative and fascinating AIE-active micelle materials with exciting architectures and functions in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhao Liu
- Green Catalysis Center, and College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China.
| | - Xueqian Chen
- Green Catalysis Center, and College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China.
| | - Xiaoting Liu
- Green Catalysis Center, and College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China.
| | - Weijiang Guan
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Chao Lu
- Green Catalysis Center, and College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China. .,State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
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Shangguan L, Qian X, Wu Z, Han T, Sun W, Liu L, Liu Y. A ratiometric nanoprobe for the in vivo bioimaging of hypochlorous acid to detect drug-damaged liver and kidneys. Analyst 2023; 148:762-771. [PMID: 36648506 DOI: 10.1039/d2an01977a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
As the organs responsible for toxin transformation and excretion in the body, damage to the liver and kidneys induced by inevitable drug toxicity is the main cause of acute liver and kidney injury. P-Acetamidophenol overdose leads hypochlorous acid (HClO) to accumulate in the mitochondria of tissues, ultimately resulting in acute liver and kidney injury in humans, despite its clinical use as an antipyretic medicine. Herein, we report an HClO-activatable self-assembling ratiometric nanoprobe NRH-800-PEG for screening the upregulation of HClO by colocalization in mitochondria while monitoring the changes in the endogenous HClO levels in cells with ratiometric signals. Furthermore, NRH-800-PEG was constructed to evaluate injury by fluorescence ratio imaging in the tissues of inflammatory mice. Our strategy offers a novel tool for assessing disease progression during drug-induced liver and kidney injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lina Shangguan
- Clinical Laboratory, Xiantao First People's Hospital, Xiantao, 433000, China. .,School of Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, China.
| | - Xiaoli Qian
- School of Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, China.
| | - Zhuoyang Wu
- School of Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, China.
| | - Tingting Han
- School of Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, China.
| | - Wanlu Sun
- School of Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, China.
| | - Li Liu
- Clinical Laboratory, Xiantao First People's Hospital, Xiantao, 433000, China.
| | - Yi Liu
- School of Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, China.
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Elistratova AA, Gubarev AS, Lezov AA, Vlasov PS, Solomatina AI, Liao YC, Chou PT, Tunik SP, Chelushkin PS, Tsvetkov NV. Amphiphilic Diblock Copolymers Bearing Poly(Ethylene Glycol) Block: Hydrodynamic Properties in Organic Solvents and Water Micellar Dispersions, Effect of Hydrophobic Block Chemistry on Dispersion Stability and Cytotoxicity. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:4361. [PMID: 36297939 PMCID: PMC9612359 DOI: 10.3390/polym14204361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2022] [Revised: 10/08/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite the fact that amphiphilic block copolymers have been studied in detail by various methods both in common solvents and aqueous dispersions, their hydrodynamic description is still incomplete. In this paper, we present a detailed hydrodynamic study of six commercial diblock copolymers featuring the same hydrophilic block (poly(ethylene glycol), PEG; degree of polymerization is ca. 110 ± 25) and the following hydrophobic blocks: polystyrene, PS35-b-PEG115; poly(methyl methacrylate), PMMA55-b-PEG95; poly(1,4-butadyene), PBd90-b-PEG130; polyethylene PE40-b-PEG85; poly(dimethylsiloxane), PDMS15-b-PEG115; and poly(ɛ-caprolactone), PCL45-b-PEG115. The hydrodynamic properties of block copolymers are investigated in both an organic solvent (tetrahydrofuran) and in water micellar dispersions by the combination of static/dynamic light scattering, viscometry, and analytical ultracentrifugation. All the micellar dispersions demonstrate bimodal particle distributions: small compact (hydrodynamic redii, Rh ≤ 17 nm) spherical particles ascribed to "conventional" core-shell polymer micelles and larger particles ascribed to micellar clusters. Hydrodynamic invariants are (2.4 ± 0.4) × 10-10 g cm2 s-2 K-1 mol-1/3 for all types of micelles used in the study. For aqueous micellar dispersions, in view of their potential biomedical applications, their critical micelle concentration values and cytotoxicities are also reported. The investigated micelles are stable towards precipitation, possess low critical micelle concentration values (with the exception of PDMS15-b-PEG115), and demonstrate low toxicity towards Chinese Hamster Ovarian (CHO-K1) cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anastasiia A. Elistratova
- Institute of Chemistry, St. Petersburg State University, Universitetskii Av., 26, 198504 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Alexander S. Gubarev
- Department of Molecular Biophysics and Physics of Polymers, St. Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya nab., 7/9, 199034 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Alexey A. Lezov
- Department of Molecular Biophysics and Physics of Polymers, St. Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya nab., 7/9, 199034 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Petr S. Vlasov
- Institute of Chemistry, St. Petersburg State University, Universitetskii Av., 26, 198504 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Anastasia I. Solomatina
- Institute of Chemistry, St. Petersburg State University, Universitetskii Av., 26, 198504 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Yu-Chan Liao
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Rd., Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Pi-Tai Chou
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Rd., Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Sergey P. Tunik
- Institute of Chemistry, St. Petersburg State University, Universitetskii Av., 26, 198504 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Pavel S. Chelushkin
- Institute of Chemistry, St. Petersburg State University, Universitetskii Av., 26, 198504 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Nikolai V. Tsvetkov
- Department of Molecular Biophysics and Physics of Polymers, St. Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya nab., 7/9, 199034 St. Petersburg, Russia
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