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Al-Aqbi ZT, Abdulsahib HT, Al-Doghachi FAJ. Micro/nanofluidic device for tamsulosin therapeutic drug monitoring in patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia at point of care. ANAL SCI 2024; 40:1101-1110. [PMID: 38468109 DOI: 10.1007/s44211-024-00533-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024]
Abstract
Discovering the balance between toxicity and efficacy for many drugs requires therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) of their concentrations in the blood. Here, a hot-embossed microfluidic device with a new design integrated to a nanofracture is presented for purification of blood samples from numerous proteins and cells, allowing to the separation of small molecules from blood matrix. The device was used to separate and quantitatively detect tamsulosin drug after derivatization with fluorescamine reagent, allowing converting it from a neutral molecule into a charged fluorescent complex under the experimental conditions, and thus its separation by electrophoresis. The device is portable and easy operated, and the presented method showed good linearity (R2 = 0.9948) over a concentration range of 0.1-1 μg/mL. The relative standard deviation (RSD%) was below 10% (n = 3), indicating good precisions, and the limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantitation (LOQ) values were estimated to be 0.1 and 0.55 μg/mL, respectively. Whole blood samples from 10 patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) were analyzed, showing good percentage recoveries of tamsulosin in whole blood. This point-of-care (POC), low-cost method could increase the convenience of patients and doctors, make therapies safer, and make TDM available in different regions and places.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zaidon T Al-Aqbi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Basrah, Basrah, 61004, Iraq.
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Misan, Maysan, 62001, Iraq.
| | - Hassan T Abdulsahib
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Basrah, Basrah, 61004, Iraq
| | - Faris A J Al-Doghachi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Basrah, Basrah, 61004, Iraq
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2
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Tey HY, Breadmore MC, See HH. Electrokinetic Extraction of Doxorubicin from Biological Fluids by Polymer Inclusion Membrane Sampling Probe. Anal Chem 2023; 95:2134-2139. [PMID: 36649064 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.2c02937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
A polymer inclusion membrane (PIM) based sampling probe was developed for electrokinetic extraction of drugs from biological fluids. The probe was fabricated by dip-coating a nonconductive glass capillary tube in a homogeneous PIM solution for three cycles. The PIM solution comprised cellulose triacetate (CTA), 2-nitrophenyl octyl ether (NPOE), and 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide [EMIM][NTf2] in a ratio of 5:4:2. The developed probe electrokinetically extracted doxorubicin from human plasma, human serum, and dried blood spot (DBS). The practicability and reliability of the electrokinetic extraction were evaluated by LC-MS/MS to quantify the desorption of extracted doxorubicin. Under the optimized conditions, a quantification limit of 0.2-2 ng/mL was achieved for the three biological samples. The probe was further integrated into a portable battery-powered device for safe low-voltage (36 V) electrokinetic extraction. The developed technique is envisioned to provide a more efficient analytical workflow in the laboratory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Yin Tey
- Centre for Sustainable Nanomaterials, Ibnu Sina Institute for Scientific and Industrial Research, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 UTM Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia.,Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 UTM Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia
| | - Michael C Breadmore
- Centre for Sustainable Nanomaterials, Ibnu Sina Institute for Scientific and Industrial Research, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 UTM Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia.,Australian Centre for Research on Separation Science (ACROSS), School of Natural Sciences-Chemistry, University of Tasmania, Private Bag 75, Hobart, Tasmania 7001, Australia
| | - Hong Heng See
- Centre for Sustainable Nanomaterials, Ibnu Sina Institute for Scientific and Industrial Research, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 UTM Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia.,Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 UTM Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia
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3
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Moriiwa Y, Oyama N, Otsuka R, Morioka K, Shoji A, Yanagida A. Development of a colorimetric assay for quantification of favipiravir in human serum using ferrihydrite. Talanta 2023; 252:123827. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2022.123827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2022] [Revised: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 08/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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4
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Recent development of microfluidic biosensors for the analysis of antibiotic residues. Trends Analyt Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2022.116797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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5
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Gharib G, Bütün İ, Muganlı Z, Kozalak G, Namlı İ, Sarraf SS, Ahmadi VE, Toyran E, van Wijnen AJ, Koşar A. Biomedical Applications of Microfluidic Devices: A Review. BIOSENSORS 2022; 12:bios12111023. [PMID: 36421141 PMCID: PMC9688231 DOI: 10.3390/bios12111023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Revised: 10/30/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Both passive and active microfluidic chips are used in many biomedical and chemical applications to support fluid mixing, particle manipulations, and signal detection. Passive microfluidic devices are geometry-dependent, and their uses are rather limited. Active microfluidic devices include sensors or detectors that transduce chemical, biological, and physical changes into electrical or optical signals. Also, they are transduction devices that detect biological and chemical changes in biomedical applications, and they are highly versatile microfluidic tools for disease diagnosis and organ modeling. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the significant advances that have been made in the development of microfluidics devices. We will discuss the function of microfluidic devices as micromixers or as sorters of cells and substances (e.g., microfiltration, flow or displacement, and trapping). Microfluidic devices are fabricated using a range of techniques, including molding, etching, three-dimensional printing, and nanofabrication. Their broad utility lies in the detection of diagnostic biomarkers and organ-on-chip approaches that permit disease modeling in cancer, as well as uses in neurological, cardiovascular, hepatic, and pulmonary diseases. Biosensor applications allow for point-of-care testing, using assays based on enzymes, nanozymes, antibodies, or nucleic acids (DNA or RNA). An anticipated development in the field includes the optimization of techniques for the fabrication of microfluidic devices using biocompatible materials. These developments will increase biomedical versatility, reduce diagnostic costs, and accelerate diagnosis time of microfluidics technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghazaleh Gharib
- Faculty of Engineering and Natural Science, Sabanci University, Istanbul 34956, Turkey
- Sabanci University Nanotechnology Research and Application Centre (SUNUM), Istanbul 34956, Turkey
- Center of Excellence for Functional Surfaces and Interfaces for Nano Diagnostics (EFSUN), Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Sabanci University, Istanbul 34956, Turkey
| | - İsmail Bütün
- Faculty of Engineering and Natural Science, Sabanci University, Istanbul 34956, Turkey
| | - Zülâl Muganlı
- Faculty of Engineering and Natural Science, Sabanci University, Istanbul 34956, Turkey
| | - Gül Kozalak
- Faculty of Engineering and Natural Science, Sabanci University, Istanbul 34956, Turkey
- Center of Excellence for Functional Surfaces and Interfaces for Nano Diagnostics (EFSUN), Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Sabanci University, Istanbul 34956, Turkey
| | - İlayda Namlı
- Faculty of Engineering and Natural Science, Sabanci University, Istanbul 34956, Turkey
| | | | | | - Erçil Toyran
- Faculty of Engineering and Natural Science, Sabanci University, Istanbul 34956, Turkey
| | - Andre J. van Wijnen
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Vermont, 89 Beaumont Avenue, Burlington, VT 05405, USA
| | - Ali Koşar
- Faculty of Engineering and Natural Science, Sabanci University, Istanbul 34956, Turkey
- Sabanci University Nanotechnology Research and Application Centre (SUNUM), Istanbul 34956, Turkey
- Center of Excellence for Functional Surfaces and Interfaces for Nano Diagnostics (EFSUN), Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Sabanci University, Istanbul 34956, Turkey
- Turkish Academy of Sciences (TÜBA), Çankaya, Ankara 06700, Turkey
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6
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Bojescu ED, Prim D, Pfeifer ME, Segura JM. Fluorescence-polarization immunoassays within glass fiber micro-chambers enable tobramycin quantification in whole blood for therapeutic drug monitoring at the point of care. Anal Chim Acta 2022; 1225:340240. [PMID: 36038239 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2022.340240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Revised: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Many therapeutic drugs require monitoring of their concentration in blood followed by dose adjustments in order to ensure efficacy while minimizing adverse effects. It would be highly desirable to perform such measurements rapidly and with reduced sample volumes to support point-of-care testing. Here, we demonstrate that the concentration of small therapeutics can be determined in whole blood within paper-like membranes using Fluorescence Polarization Immunoassay (FPIA). Different types of paper-like materials such as glass microfibers, cellulose and filter paper were investigated for artefacts such as scattering or autofluorescence. Accurate determination of the fluorescence polarization of red-emitting fluorophores at sub-nanomolar concentrations was feasible within glass fiber membranes. This enabled the development of a competitive immunoassay for the quantification of the antibiotic tobramycin using only 1 μL of plasma in glass fiber micro-chambers. Furthermore, the same membrane was used for transversal separation of blood cells followed by accurate FPIA read-out at the bottom part of the micro-chamber. For quantification of tobramycin, 1 μL of whole blood was incubated with the immunoassay reagents during only 3 min before deposition in the micro-chamber and analysis. Within the therapeutic window, coefficients of variation were around 20% and recoveries between 80 and 105%. Owing to the simplified procedure requiring no centrifugation, the reduced blood sample volume and the rapid analysis time, we envision that this novel method supports the performance of therapeutic drug monitoring directly at the point of care.
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Affiliation(s)
- E-Diana Bojescu
- Institute of Life Technologies - School of Engineering, HES-SO // University of Applied Sciences Western Switzerland, Sion, Switzerland.
| | - Denis Prim
- Institute of Life Technologies - School of Engineering, HES-SO // University of Applied Sciences Western Switzerland, Sion, Switzerland.
| | - Marc E Pfeifer
- Institute of Life Technologies - School of Engineering, HES-SO // University of Applied Sciences Western Switzerland, Sion, Switzerland.
| | - Jean-Manuel Segura
- Institute of Life Technologies - School of Engineering, HES-SO // University of Applied Sciences Western Switzerland, Sion, Switzerland.
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7
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Diamond SL, Rossi JM. Point of care whole blood microfluidics for detecting and managing thrombotic and bleeding risks. LAB ON A CHIP 2021; 21:3667-3674. [PMID: 34476426 PMCID: PMC8478847 DOI: 10.1039/d1lc00465d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Point-of-care diagnostics of platelet and coagulation function present demanding challenges. Current clinical diagnostics often use centrifuged plasmas or platelets and frozen plasma standards, recombinant protein standards, or even venoms. Almost all commercialized tests of blood do not recreate the in vivo hemodynamics where platelets accumulate to high densities and thrombin is generated from a procoagulant surface. Despite numerous drugs that target platelets, insufficient coagulation, or excess coagulation, POC blood testing is essentially limited to viscoelastic methods that provide a clotting time, clot strength, and clot lysis, while used mostly in trauma centers with specialized capabilities. Microfluidics now allows small volumes of whole blood (<1 mL) to be tested under venous or arterial shear rates with multi-color readouts to follow platelet function, thrombin generation, fibrin production, and clot stability. Injection molded chips containing pre-patterned fibrillar collagen and lipidated tissue factor can be stored dry for 6 months at 4C, thus allowing rapid blood testing on single-use disposable chips. Using only a small imaging microscope and micropump, these microfluidic devices can detect platelet inhibitors, direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) and their reversal agents. POC microfluidics are ideal for neonatal surgical applications that involve small blood samples, rapid DOAC testing in stroke or bleeding or emergency surgery situations with patients presenting high risk cofactors for either bleeding or thrombosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott L Diamond
- Institute for Medicine and Engineering, Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, 1024 Vagelos Research Laboratory, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
| | - Jason M Rossi
- Institute for Medicine and Engineering, Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, 1024 Vagelos Research Laboratory, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
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8
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Al-aqbi ZT, Albukhaty S, Zarzoor AM, Sulaiman GM, Khalil KAA, Belali T, Soliman MTA. A Novel Microfluidic Device for Blood Plasma Filtration. MICROMACHINES 2021; 12:336. [PMID: 33810143 PMCID: PMC8004888 DOI: 10.3390/mi12030336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Revised: 03/18/2021] [Accepted: 03/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The use of whole blood and some biological specimens, such as urine, saliva, and seminal fluid are limited in clinical laboratory analysis due to the interference of proteins with other small molecules in the matrix and blood cells with optical detection methods. Previously, we developed a microfluidic device featuring an electrokinetic size and mobility trap (SMT) for on-chip extract, concentrate, and separate small molecules from a biological sample like whole blood. The device was used to on-chip filtrate the whole blood from the blood cells and plasma proteins and then on-chip extract and separate the aminoglycoside antibiotic drugs within 3 min. Herein, a novel microfluidic device featuring a nano-junction similar to those reported in the previous work formed by dielectric breakdown was developed for on-chip filtration and out-chip collection of blood plasma with a high extraction yield of 62% within less than 5 min. The filtered plasma was analyzed using our previous device to show the ability of this new device to remove blood cells and plasma proteins. The filtration device shows a high yield of plasma allowing it to detect a low concentration of analytes from the whole blood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zaidon T. Al-aqbi
- College of Agriculture, University of Misan, Al-Amara, Misan 62001, Iraq
| | - Salim Albukhaty
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Misan, Maysan 62001, Iraq
| | | | - Ghassan M. Sulaiman
- Department of Applied Sciences, University of Technology, Baghdad 10066, Iraq;
| | - Khalil A. A. Khalil
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Bisha, 255, Al Nakhil, Bisha 67714, Saudi Arabia; (K.A.A.K.); (T.B.); (M.T.A.S.)
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Hodeidah, Hodeidah 3114, Yemen
| | - Tareg Belali
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Bisha, 255, Al Nakhil, Bisha 67714, Saudi Arabia; (K.A.A.K.); (T.B.); (M.T.A.S.)
| | - Mohamed T. A. Soliman
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Bisha, 255, Al Nakhil, Bisha 67714, Saudi Arabia; (K.A.A.K.); (T.B.); (M.T.A.S.)
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9
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Islam MF, Yap YC, Li F, Guijt RM, Breadmore MC. The influence of electrolyte concentration on nanofractures fabricated in a 3D-printed microfluidic device by controlled dielectric breakdown. Electrophoresis 2020; 41:2007-2014. [PMID: 32776330 DOI: 10.1002/elps.202000050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2020] [Revised: 07/15/2020] [Accepted: 08/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
A three-dimensional-printed microfluidic device made of a thermoplastic material was used to study the creation of molecular filters by controlled dielectric breakdown. The device was made from acrylonitrile butadiene styrene by a fused deposition modeling three-dimensional printer and consisted of two V-shaped sample compartments separated by 750 µm of extruded plastic gap. Nanofractures were formed in the thin piece of acrylonitrile butadiene styrene by controlled dielectric breakdown by application voltage of 15-20 kV with the voltage terminated when reaching a defined current threshold. Variation of the size of the nanofractures was achieved by both variation of the current threshold and by variation of the ionic strength of the electrolyte used for breakdown. Electrophoretic transport of two proteins, R-phycoerythrin (RPE; <10 nm in size) and fluorescamine-labeled BSA (f-BSA; 2-4 nm), was used to monitor the size and transport properties of the nanofractures. Using 1 mM phosphate buffer, both RPE and f-BSA passed through the nanofractures when the current threshold was set to 25 µA. However, when the threshold was lowered to 10 µA or lower, RPE was restricted from moving through the nanofractures. When we increased the electrolyte concentration during breakdown from 1 to 10 mM phosphate buffer, BSA passed but RPE was blocked when the threshold was equal to, or lower than, 25 µA. This demonstrates that nanofracture size (pore area) is directly related to the breakdown current threshold but inversely related to the concentration of the electrolyte used for the breakdown process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Fokhrul Islam
- Australian Centre for Research on Separation Science (ACROSS), School of Natural Science, University of Tasmania, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Yiing C Yap
- Australian Centre for Research on Separation Science (ACROSS), School of Natural Science, University of Tasmania, Tasmania, Australia.,Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Feng Li
- Australian Centre for Research on Separation Science (ACROSS), School of Natural Science, University of Tasmania, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Rosanne M Guijt
- Centre for Rural and Regional Futures, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
| | - Michael C Breadmore
- Australian Centre for Research on Separation Science (ACROSS), School of Natural Science, University of Tasmania, Tasmania, Australia
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Mabilat C, Gros MF, Nicolau D, Mouton JW, Textoris J, Roberts JA, Cotta MO, van Belkum A, Caniaux I. Diagnostic and medical needs for therapeutic drug monitoring of antibiotics. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 2020; 39:791-797. [PMID: 31828686 PMCID: PMC7182631 DOI: 10.1007/s10096-019-03769-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) of antibiotics has been practiced for more than half a century, but it is still not widely applied for infected patients. It has a traditional focus on limiting toxicity of specific classes of antibiotics such as aminoglycosides and vancomycin. With more patients in critical care with higher levels of sickness severity and immunosuppression as well as an increasingly obese and ageing population, an increasing risk of suboptimal antibiotic exposure continues to escalate. As such, the value of TDM continues to expand, especially for beta-lactams which constitute the most frequently used antibiotic class. To date, the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of infectious microbes rather than classification in terms of susceptible and resistant can be reported. In parallel, increasingly sophisticated TDM technology is becoming available ensuring that TDM is feasible and can deliver personalized antibiotic dosing schemes. There is an obvious need for extensive studies that will quantify the improvements in clinical outcome of individual TDM-guided dosing. We suggest that a broad diagnostic and medical investigation of the TDM arena, including market analyses and analytical technology assessment, is a current priority.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claude Mabilat
- Medical Affairs, bioMérieux, Marcy l'Étoile, Lyon, France.
| | | | - David Nicolau
- Center for Anti-Infective Research & Development, Hartford Hospital, 80 Seymour Street, Hartford, CT, 06102, USA
| | - Johan W Mouton
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Erasmus University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, Dr Molewaterplein 40, 3015 GD, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | | | - Jason A Roberts
- Centre for Clinical Research, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
- School of Pharmacy, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
- Pharmacy Department, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Menino O Cotta
- Centre for Clinical Research, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
- School of Pharmacy, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
- Pharmacy Department, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Alex van Belkum
- Data Analytics Department, bioMérieux, La Balme Les Grottes, Grenoble, France
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11
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Luo J, Fan JB, Wang S. Recent Progress of Microfluidic Devices for Hemodialysis. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2020; 16:e1904076. [PMID: 31535786 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201904076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2019] [Revised: 08/31/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Microfluidic hemodialysis techniques have recently attracted great attention in the treatment of kidney disease due to their advantages of portability and wearability as well as their great potential for replacing clinical hospital-centered blood purification with continuous in-home hemodialysis. This Review summarizes the recent progress in microfluidic devices for hemodialysis. First, the history of kidney-inspired hemodialysis is introduced. Then, recent achievements in the preparation of microfluidic devices and hemodialysis nanoporous membrane materials are presented and categorized. Subsequently, attention is drawn to the recent progress of nanoporous membrane-based microfluidic devices for hemodialysis. Finally, the challenges and opportunities of hemodialysis microfluidic devices in the future are also discussed. This Review is expected to provide a comprehensive guide for the design of hemodialysis microfluidic devices that are closely related to clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Luo
- CAS Key Laboratory of Bio-inspired Materials and Interfacial Science, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Jun-Bing Fan
- CAS Key Laboratory of Bio-inspired Materials and Interfacial Science, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Shutao Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Bio-inspired Materials and Interfacial Science, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
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12
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High-Frequency Interdigitated Array Electrode-Based Capacitive Biosensor for Protein Detection. BIOCHIP JOURNAL 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s13206-019-3412-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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13
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Sathish S, Ishizu N, Shen AQ. Air Plasma-Enhanced Covalent Functionalization of Poly(methyl methacrylate): High-Throughput Protein Immobilization for Miniaturized Bioassays. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019; 11:46350-46360. [PMID: 31722179 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b14631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Miniaturized systems, such as integrated microarray and microfluidic devices, are constantly being developed to satisfy the growing demand for sensitive and high-throughput biochemical screening platforms. Owing to its recyclability, and robust mechanical and optical properties, poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) has become the most sought after material for the large-scale fabrication of these platforms. However, the chemical inertness of PMMA entails the use of complex chemical surface treatments for covalent immobilization of proteins. In addition to being hazardous and incompatible for large-scale operations, conventional biofunctionalization strategies pose high risks of compromising the biomolecular conformations, as well as the stability of PMMA. By exploiting radio frequency (RF) air plasma and standard 1-ethyl-3-(3-(dimethylamino)propyl) carbodiimide (EDC) and N-hydroxysuccinimide (NHS) chemistry in tandem, we demonstrate a simple yet scalable PMMA functionalization strategy for covalent immobilization (chemisorption) of proteins, such as green fluorescent protein (GFP), while preserving the structural integrities of the proteins and PMMA. The surface density of chemisorbed GFP is shown to be highly dependent on the air plasma energy, initial GFP concentration, and buffer pH, where a maximum GFP surface density of 4 × 10-7 mol/m2 is obtained, when chemisorbed on EDC-NHS-activated PMMA exposed to 27 kJ of air plasma, at pH 7.4. Furthermore, antibody-binding studies validate the preserved biofunctionality of the chemisorbed GFP molecules. Finally, the coupled air plasma and EDC-NHS PMMA biofunctionalization strategy is used to fabricate microfluidic antibody assay devices to detect clinically significant concentrations of Chlamydia trachomatis specific antibodies. By coupling our scalable and tailored air plasma-enhanced PMMA biofunctionalization strategy with microfluidics, we elucidate the potential of fabricating sensitive, reproducible, and sustainable high-throughput protein screening systems, without the need for harsh chemicals and complex instrumentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shivani Sathish
- Micro/Bio/Nanofluidics Unit , Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University , 1919-1 Tancha , Onna-son, Kunigami-gun , Okinawa 904-0495 , Japan
| | - Noriko Ishizu
- Mechanical Engineering and Microfabrication Support Section , Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University , 1919-1 Tancha , Onna-son, Kunigami-gun , Okinawa 904-0495 , Japan
| | - Amy Q Shen
- Micro/Bio/Nanofluidics Unit , Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University , 1919-1 Tancha , Onna-son, Kunigami-gun , Okinawa 904-0495 , Japan
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